Two new species of Yunnanomonticola Telnov (Coleoptera, Anthicidae) from China

Abstract Two new species of the genus Yunnanomonticola Telnov, 2002 are described based on the specimens collected in China. Yunnanomonticolalatissimasp. n. is collected from Yunnan and Y.tenuipenissp. n. is from Guizhou. Photographes of the new species are provided, with a key to the three species of Yunnanomonticola.


Introduction
Yunnanomonticola was described as a monotypic genus for Y. nanzhao Telnov from Yunnan, China by Telnov (2002). Thereafter, no new species have been added to this genus. While examining Chinese specimens of anthicids collected from Yunnan and Guizhou provinces (Fig. 1), we identified two undescribed species of this genus. The purpose of this paper is to describe the two species as new in science.

Material and methods
Specimens were collected by sweep nets or by hands and preserved in absolute ethanol. Male genitalia were examined after being cleared in hot 10% KOH solution. Specimens were examined with a Leica M205A stereomicroscope and measured with Leica Application Suite 4.12.0 software. Photographs of specimen were taken using a Leica DMC 4500 digital camera mounted on the stereomicroscope, photographs of anatomical structures were taken using Olympus DP27 digital camera mounted on Olympus BX53 biological microscope. Images of the same specimen at different focal planes were combined using Leica Application Suite 4.12.0 and edited with Adobe Photoshop CS6 and Macromedia Fireworks 8.0 software. Map based on SRTM 90 m Digital Elevation Data (http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/), edited with ARCMap 10.0. The measurements and terminology follow Werner and Chandler (1995) and Chandler (2010).
Some anthicids can be attracted by cantharidin (Hemp and Dettner 2001). Cantharidin traps were tested in the field. To make the traps, specimens of Mylabris sp. (Meloidae) were dipped in pure ethyl acetate to extract cantharidin, the cantharidin was purified by absolute ethanol, then mixed with dried fine sand and preserved in Eppendorf tubules (5 mL).
All anatomical structures were stored in microvials with glycerol, which were pierced with the same pin as the body parts. Examined material, including the type specimens, were deposited in the Insect Collection, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University (SANXU), China. Measurements, holotype. Body length 2.30 mm. Head length 0.64 mm, maximum width 0.51 mm. Elytra length 1.10 mm, maximum width 0.67 mm. Eyes long axis 0.14 mm, short axis 0.11 mm. Pronotum length 0.65 mm, anterior lobe of pronotum maximum width 0.43 mm, minimum width 0.22 mm, posterior lobe of pronotum maximum width 0.30 mm.
Description. Color. Head, pronotum and elytra surface black. Pronotum with yellow margin basally. Femora and tibiae black except yellow at base of femora and at apex of tibiae; tarsi yellow, last segment darkened (dark form) or normal (pale form); claws slightly darkened. Antennae bicolor, antennomeres I-II yellow, III-V brown, rest antennomeres darkening to apex (dark form). In some specimens, antennae black, darkening to apex (pale form). Body black to blackish-brown in ventral view.
Vertex with large and shallow punctures, distance between adjacent punctures much smaller than their diameters, dense wrinkles present between antennae and eyes. Basal 2/5 of head almost smooth, with transverse punctures sparsely distributed, setation light colored, erect, longer than that on anterior head, pointing towards base of antennae. Head with setae of on anterior 3/5 shorter than setae on posterior head, suberect, pointing towards base of head. Setae of antennae bright, dense, fine and suberect; antennomere I equal to length of antennomeres II plus III, slightly wider than II and III; antennomeres II-IV equal in length, V-VII with same length, VIII-XI gradually increased in size; XI asymmetric, conical, 1.7 times as long as X. Gula smooth, less punctured than vertex of head. Terminal maxillary palpomere securiform, penultimate palpomere expanded inward. Neck ca. 1/4 time as width as head (include eyes), with shallow coarse punctures.
Pronotum. Pronotum anteriorly with collar equally wide in dorsal and ventral views. Anterior lobe strongly convex in lateral view, glossy, with shallow median longitudinal groove, covered with short, light and suberect setae. Lateral margins of anterior lobe evenly rounded anteriorly, with small and sparse punctures. Pronotum strongly narrowed and constricted postero-laterally in dorsal view, with obvious longitudinal wrinkles at constricted area. Posterior lobe with two basal bumps, bearing small punctures unevenly spaced.
Legs. Long and glossy. Setae on tibiae light colored, dense. Femora with distinct wrinkles. Metatibiae slightly bent inward. Tarsi with dense yellow setae, tarsomere I of posterior leg slightly curved, equal in length to sum of tarsomeres II-IV in length.
Sexual dimorphism. Indistinct. Variation. Body length 2.04-2.71 mm (N = 29). Dark form: antennomeres I-II yellow, III-VI brown but lighter basally, rest segments gradually darkened to apex; apical of last tarsus black. Pale form: antennae black, gradually darkened from base to apex; last tarsus yellow.
Etymology. The specific name comes from the Latin latissimus (wide), referring to the shape of the aedeagus.
Habitat and bionomics. This species was found on the meadow near the top of a mountain at an altitude of ca. 2,380 m. Adults were clustered, active and crawling along the perennial gramineous plants and their tufted litters. Adults were not attracted to cantharidin traps.
Description. Color. Head and elytra surface black to blackish-brown. Pronotum blackish-brown, basal margin white, slightly yellowish. Femora and tibiae blackishbrown, lighter at apex of tibiae; tarsi yellow, apical segment darker at apex; claws yellow. Antennal color becoming darker from base to apex. Body blackish-brown on ventral side in ventral view.
Vertex with irregular slightly shallow punctures, distance between adjacent punctures 0.3-1.0 times their diameters, with dense wrinkles between antennae and eyes. Basal 2/5 of head nearly smooth, with a few transverse punctures. Setation light colored, erect on basal 2/5 of head, pointing towards base of antennae. Setae on apical 3/5 of head suberect, shorter than setae on posterior head, pointing towards base of head. Antennomere III longer than preceding one, segments IV-VI being of equal length, VIII-X same in length; XI asymmetric, conical, 1.5 times as long as X; setae of anten-nae bright, dense, fine and suberect, VIII-XI with normal and very short setae. Gula smooth, less punctured than vertex of head. Terminal maxillary palpomere securiform, penultimate palpomere expanded inward. Neck ca. 1/4 time as width as head (including eyes), with coarse shallow punctures.
Pronotum. Pronotum anteriorly with collar equally wide in dorsal and ventral views. Anterior lobe strongly convex in lateral view, glossy, median longitudinal groove shallow, covered with short, light and suberect setae; lateral margins of anterior lobe evenly rounded anteriorly, with small and sparse punctures, strongly narrowed and constricted postero-laterally in dorsal view, with distinct longitudinal wrinkles at contracted area. Posterior lobe with two small basal bumps, bearing small punctures unevenly spaced.
Thorax underside. Mesosternum with lateral margins slightly bowed anteriorly, outer fringe of setae appressed to mesepisternum. Anterolateral margins of mesepisterna with fringe of long whitish setae. Lateral and distal parts of metasternum with long, separated, and subdecumbent pubenscence (Fig. 8).
Legs. Long and glossy. Setae on femora and tibiae light colored. Femora with distinct wrinkles. Metatibiae slightly bent inward. Tarsomere I of hind leg with yellow sparse setae dorsally, slightly curved, equal in length to sum of tarsomeres II-IV.
Variation. In dark form, femora and tibiae with uniform color. In some specimens, base of femora and apex of tibiae light yellowish-brown (at least in middle and posterior legs).
Diagnosis. Yunnanomonticola tenuipenis sp. n. differs from Y. nanzhao by the scattered and evenly spaced punctures on the elytra (vs. punctures dense at base and apex), mesosternum with lateral margins slightly bowed anteriorly (vs. straight lateral margins), intercoxal projection of abdomen lateral edges arched to apex (vs. straight lateral edges), mesosternum lacking obvious pit-like depressions (vs. mesosternum with six pit-like impressions medially).
Yunnanomonticola tenuipenis sp. n. differs from Y. latissima sp. n. by its relatively longer elytra, relatively small bumps of pronotum, shorter and less dense pubescence of metasternum, shallower punctures of vertex, weakly sclerotized aedeagus, as well as elytra with fewer pubescence and distinct pattern of the punctures (vs. punctures dense basally and apically, sparse medially and laterally). Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin prefix tenui-(thin) and "penis", in reference to weakly sclerotized aedeagus.
Habitat and bionomics. This species was found in grasses on the edge of woodlands at an altitude of ca. 1,850 m. Adults were clustered, active and crawling along the perennial gramineous plants and their tufted litters.