Corresponding author: Angélico Asenjo (
Academic editor: Volker Assing
The genus
The genus
More recently,
In this paper, two new species of
To study morphological characters, dried specimens were macerated in boiling water for five minutes and then cleared in 10% KOH overnight. Dissections were carried out under a Carl Zeiss Stemi SV6 stereoscopic microscope and drawings made with the same equipment. Photographic illustrations were done using IM 50 (Image Manager) software and combined using Auto-Montage Pro (Syncroscopy) software. Measurements were made with an ocular micrometer in the SV6 microscope.
For the type label data, quotation marks “ ” separate different labels and a slash / separates different lines. Text within square brackets [ ] is explanatory and was not included in the original labels.
The following abbreviations are used:
All measurements are in millimeters and are based on the holotypes. The terminology adopted for the descriptions follows (
All specimens are deposited in the following collections:
FRENCH GUIANA: Holotype male, with labels: “GUYANA FRANCESA: / Montagne des chevaux, /
1 malewith labels: “GUYANA FRANCESA: / Montagne des chevaux, /
Holotype male, BL: 12.36.
Body dark brown (
Head and pronotum moderately flattened dorsoventrally. Head (
Pronotum (
Legs uniformly covered with glossy black macrosetae; segments 1–4 of protarsus strongly bilobate and with yellowish pale setae ventrally.
Abdomen polished and shiny, uniformly punctate; the first segments more strongly punctate than the last.
Male with broad and moderately deep, median apical emargination on sternum VII (
Female not known.
From window traps in rainforest.
Known from Montagne des Chevaux, French Guiana, 90 m.
This species is named in honor of Dr. Ulrich Irmler of the Institute of Ecosystem Research, Germany.
FRENCH GUIANA: Holotype male with labels:"GUYANA FRANCESA: / Montagne des chevaux, /
5 males with labels: “GUYANA FRANCESA: / Montagne des chevaux, /
Among
Holotype male, BL: 13.75.
Body dark brown (
Head and pronotum moderately flattened dorsoventrally. Head (
Pronotum (
Legs uniformly covered with glossy black macrosetae; segments 1–4 of protarsus strongly bilobate and with yellowish pale setae ventrally.
Abdomen polished and shiny, uniformly punctate; the first segments more strongly punctate than the last. Segments VII and VIII with microsculpture between punctures.
Male with broad and deep median apical emargination on sternum VII (
Female with characters of head, pronotum, and elytra as described for male. Abdominal sterna VII and VIII with posterior margin emarginated.
From window traps in rainforest.
Known from Montagne des Chevaux (90m), Nouragues natural reserve-Saut Pararé (80m) and Réserve Trésor (225m) from French Guiana.
This species is named in honor of Dr. Lee Herman of the American Museum of Natural History, USA.
The Peruvian species
1 | Head with one pair of trichobothria (Fig. 64 in |
2 |
– | Head with two pairs of trichobothria (Fig. 78 in |
26 |
2(1) | Pronotum longer than wide | 3 |
– | Pronotum wider than long (Fig. 64 in |
10 |
3(2) | Tergum VIII with posterior margin rounded or truncate (Fig. 122 & 148 in |
4 |
– | Tergum VIII with posterior margin emarginate (Fig. 136 in |
7 |
4(3) | Antennal segments 3 to 11 with dense pubescence. Peru (Huánuco) |
|
– | Antennal segments 4 to 11 with dense pubescence | 5 |
– | Antennal segments 5 to 11 with dense pubescence | 6 |
5(4) | Abdominal tergum VIII (Fig. 122 in |
|
– | Abdominal tergum VIII ( |
|
6(4) | Tergum VIII with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 127 in |
|
– | Tergum VIII with posterior margin sinuotruncate (Fig. 144 in |
|
7(3) | Head without midlongitudinal carina at anterior margin | 8 |
– | Head with midlongitudinal carina at anterior margin | 9 |
8(7) | Antennal segment 2 longer than 3, segments 5–11 with dense pubescence. Colombia (Amazonas), Brazil (Pará) |
|
– | Antennal segment 2 shorter than 3, segments 4–11 with dense pubescence. Peru (Ucayali, Madre de Dios) |
|
9(7) | Body length about 9.00 mm; tergum VIII with moderately deeply to shallowly emarginate posterior margin (Fig. 159 in |
|
– | Body length about 6.00 mm; tergum VIII with feebly emarginate posterior margin (Fig. 165 in |
|
10(2) | Tergum VIII with posterior margin rounded or truncate (Fig. 178 & 215 in |
11 |
– | Tergum VIII with posterior margin emarginate, lobed or trilobed (Figs. 203, 157 & 206 in |
18 |
11(10) | Tergum IX with base fused medially (Fig. 180 in |
12 |
– | Tergum IX with base divided medially (Fig. 171 in |
13 |
12(11) | Antennal segment 2 longer than 3. Costa Rica (Puntarenas) |
|
– | Antennal segment 2 shorter than 3. Ecuador (Napo) |
|
13(11) | Antennal segments 3 to 11 with dense pubescence; median orifice of median lobe of aedeagus with the sclerites hidden (Fig. 170 in |
14 |
– | Antennal segments 4 to 11 with dense pubescence; median orifice of median lobe of aedeagus with the sclerites exposed (Fig. 214 in |
15 |
14(13) | Aedeagus on ventral surface with median apical carina on median lobe (Fig. 170 in |
|
– | Aedeagus on ventral surface without median apical carina on median lobe (Fig. 174 in |
|
15(13) | Tergum VIII with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 183 in |
16 |
– | Tergum VIII with posterior margin truncate (Fig. 215 in |
|
16(15) | Aedeagus without setae on ventral surface (Fig. 186 in |
|
– | Aedeagus with setae on ventral surface (Fig. 198 in |
17 |
17(16) | Sternum VIII with shallow apical emargination; emargination about one-fifteenth of length of sternum (Fig. 199 in |
|
– | Sternum VIII with deep apical emargination; emargination about one-fifth of length of sternum (Fig. 195 in |
|
18(10) | Aedeagus without median hole on ventral surface (Fig. 156 in |
19 |
– | Aedeagus with median hole on ventral surface (Fig. 210 in |
22 |
19(18) | Antennal segment 2 longer than 3; gula with two setae | 20 |
– | Antennal segment 2 shorter than 3; gula with transverse cluster of setae | 21 |
20(19) | Tergum VIII with posterior margin lobed and middle of basal ridge carinated (Fig. 203 in |
|
– | Tergum VIII with posterior margin emarginated and middle of basal ridge not carinated (Fig. 157 in |
|
21(19) | Tergum VIII without carina in middle of basal ridge (Fig. 2F in |
|
– | Tergum VIII with middle of basal ridge pointed (Fig. 206 in |
|
22(18) | Tergum VIII with middle of basal ridge carinate (Fig. 221 in |
23 |
– | Tergum VIII with middle of basal ridge pointed | 24 |
23(22) | Gula with two setae; antennal segments 2 and 3 subequal in length. Ecuador (Pichincha) |
|
– | Gula with four setae; antennal segment 2 shorter than 3. Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro) |
|
24(22) | Sternum VIII not divided (Fig. 14) | 25 |
– | Sternum VIII divided into three plates, one central and two lateral (Fig. 7). French Guiana | |
25(24) | Gula with two setae; antennal segments 9 and 10 subequal in length and 4 to 11 with dense pubescence; aedeagus with setae on ventral surface (Fig. 224 in |
|
– | Gula with transverse cluster of setae; antennal segment 10 shorter than 9 and 3 to 11 with dense pubescence; aedeagus without setae on ventral surface (Fig. 9). French Guiana | |
26(1) | Tergum VIII with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 82 in |
27 |
– | Tergum VIII with posterior margin emarginate, trilobed (Fig. 109 & 117 in |
31 |
27(26) | Aedeagus with apex of median lobe pointed (Fig. 81 in |
28 |
– | Aedeagus with apex of median lobe emarginate (Fig. 85 in |
30 |
28(27) | Sternum VIII with surface of apex of internal canals unmodified. Venezuela (Trujillo) |
|
– | Sternum VIII with depressions in the surface of apex of internal canals (Fig. 92 in |
29 |
29(28) | Aedeagus distinctive and without transversal carina or process on ventral surface (Fig. 105 in |
|
– | Aedeagus distinctive and with transversal carina or process on ventral surface (Fig. 93 in |
|
30(27) | Antennal segment 2 longer than 3. Ecuador (Napo) |
|
– | Antennal segments 2 and 3 subequal in length. Venezuela (Aragua) |
|
31(26) | Pronotum longer than wide; aedeagus with apex of median lobe pointed (Fig. 113 in |
2 |
– | Pronotum wider than long; aedeagus with apex of median lobe emarginate (Fig. 152 in |
|
32(31) | Elytra shorter than pronotum; tergum VIII with posterior margin emarginate (Fig. 109 in |
|
– | Elytra longer than or as long as pronotum; tergum VIII with posterior margin trilobed (Fig. 117 in |
|
I am grateful to Stéphane Brûlé, Pierre-Henri Dalens, Eddy Poirier, Julien Touroult and Philippe Collet for collecting specimens in French Guiana and allowing me to study them; Dr. Nigel Pitman (Duke University) for suggestions on the manuscript;The Biological Collection Network of Paraná (Taxon-line, UFPR) for the photographs and Brazil’s National Council of Science and Technology Development (CNPq) for scholarships in support of this research.