New Coleoptera records from New Brunswick, Canada: Stenotrachelidae, Oedemeridae, Meloidae, Myceteridae, Boridae, Pythidae, Pyrochroidae, Anthicidae, and Aderidae

Abstract We report 19 new species records for the faunal list of Coleoptera in New Brunswick, Canada, six of which are new records for the Maritime provinces, and one of which is new Canadian record. We also provide the first recent records for five additional species in New Brunswick. One new species of Stenotrachelidae, Cephaloon ungulare LeConte, is added to the New Brunswick faunal list. Additional records are provided for Cephaloon lepturides Newman, as well the first recent record of Nematoplus collaris LeConte. Two species of Oedemeridae, Asclera puncticollis (Say) and Asclera ruficollis (Say), are newly reported for New Brunswick, and additional locality and bionomic data are provided for Calopus angustus LeConte and Ditylus caeruleus (Randall). The records of Ditylus caerulus are the first recent records for the province. Three species of Meloidae, Epicauta pestifera Werner, Lytta sayi LeConte, and Meloe augustcollis Say are reported the first time for New Brunswick; Epicauta pestifera is newly recorded in Canada. Lacconotus punctatus LeConte and the family Mycteridaeis newly recorded for New Brunswick. The first recent records of Borus unicolor Say (Boridae) are reported from the province. One new species of Pythidae, Pytho siedlitzi Blair, and the first recent records of Pytho niger Kirby are added to the faunal list of New Brunswick. Three species of Pyrochroidae are newly reported for the province, including Pedilus canaliculatus (LeConte) and Pedilus elegans (Hentz), which are new for the Maritime provinces. Five species of Anthicidae and the first recent record of Anthicus cervinus LaFerté-Sénectére are newly reported for New Brunswick. Anthicus melancholicus LaFerté-Sénectère, Sapintus pubescens (LaFerté-Sénectère), Notoxus bifasciatus (LeConte), and Stereopalpus rufipes Casey are new to the Maritime provinces faunal list. Ambyderus granularis (LeConte) is removed from the faunal list of the province. Three species of Aderidae, Vanonus huronicus Casey, Zonantes fasciatus (Melsheimer), and Zonantes pallidus Werner, are newly recorded for New Brunswick; Zonantes fasciatus and Vanonus huronicus are new for the Maritime provinces’ faunal list. Collection data, bionomic data, and distribution maps are presented for all these species.


Family Stenotrachelidae Thomson, 1859
The Stenotrachelidae is a small family of beetles with only nine species known from Canada (Campbell 1991b). Little is known about the behavior of adults, other than that they are sometimes found on flowers and are most often captured in Malaise or flightintercept traps (Young 2002a). Larvae develop in decaying wood, and some species such as Nematophus and possibly Cephaloon may be associated with logs infested with brown rot fungi (Young 2002a). Nematoplus collaris LeConte was the only species of Stenotrachelidae reported from New Brunswick by Campbell (1991b). Majka (2011c), in a review of this family for Atlantic Canada, added Cephaloon lepturides Newman. Here, we add another species, Cephaloon ungulare LeConte, to the New Brunswick fauna, as well as additional records for C. lepturides and the first recent record for N. collaris (Table 1).

Subfamily Cephaloinae LeConte, 1862
Cephaloon Collection and habitat data. This species was found in a rich Appalachian hardwood forest with some conifers, mixed forests, an old red oak (Quercus rubra L.) forest, and an old red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) forest. Specimens were collected from flowers of mountain ash (Sorbus sp.), at an ultraviolet light, on balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.), and in Lindgren funnel traps. In New Brunswick, adults were captured during May, June, and July. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS, PE (Campbell 1991b;Majka 2011c). Majka (2011c)  Collection and habitat data. Cephaloon ungulare was collected in an old-growth balsam fir and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) forest and an old-growth northern hardwood forest. Adults were captured in Lindgren funnel traps during July. Most specimens of this species have been captured in flight-intercept or malaise traps in coniferous-dominated forests (Majka 2011c Collection and habitat data. One individual of this species was captured between late June and mid July in a flight-intercept trap deployed in an old-growth balsam fir and white spruce forest. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Campbell 1991b). This species was previously known from New Brunswick on the basis of a specimen (in CNC) collected by J.N. Knull in Bathurst, Gloucester Co. during June 1913. The above record is the first recent record of this species from the province and from the Maritime provinces.

Family Oedemeridae Latreille, 1810
The Oedemeridae (the false blister beetles) are usually found on flowers, foliage, and under driftwood and are often attracted to lights (Kriska 2002). Larvae typically occur in moist, decaying wood, including driftwood, in coastal species of oedemerids, and conifers for inland species (Kriska 2002). Campbell (1991e) reported only one species of Oedemeridae from New Brunswick; Nacerdes melanura (L). Majka and Langor (2011), in their review of the Oedermeridae of Atlantic Canada, added Calopus angustus LeConte and Ditylus caeruleus (Randall) to the faunal list of the province. Here, we report another two species, Asclera puncticollis (Say) and Asclera ruficollis (Say), and additional locality and habitat data for C. angustus and D. caeruleus (Table 1). MacKay, old mixed forest with red and white spruce, red and white pine, balsam fir, eastern white cedar, red maple, and Populus sp., Lindgren funnel trap (1, AFC).

Calopus angustus
Collection and habitat data. Adults of C. angustus were collected in various forest types in New Brunswick, including hardwood forests with sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.), American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), eastern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.), an old-growth northern hardwood forest (white spruce, eastern white cedar, and balsam fir present), an old-growth eastern white cedar swamp, mixed forests, an old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest, and an old red pine forest. Most adults were captured in Lindgren funnel traps. Some were also captured at an ultraviolet light. In western North America, Burke (1906) reared this species from a gallery of a living western cedar (Thuja plicata Don ex D. Don) and found larvae and pupae in dead and living branches of alpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook) Nutt.). This species probably uses related host trees, such as eastern white cedar and balsam fir, in our region. Adults were collected during April, May, and June, but most between late April and mid May.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. BC, AB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell 1991e;Majka and Langor 2011). Majka and Langor (2011) reported this species for the first time for New Brunswick from one locality in Madawaska Co (East Iroquois River) and two localities in York Co. (Fredericton and Charters Settlement). This species is widespread and locally common in the province. Collection and habitat data. Asclera puncticollis was found in a hardwood forest with sugar maple and American beech, a floodplain forest, an old red oak forest, an old silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) swamp, an old mixed forest, an old red pine forest, and a mature red spruce forest. Adults were collected from choke cherry (Prunus virginiana L.) and lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.) flowers but most individuals were captured in Lindgren funnel traps. Adults were collected during April, May, June, and July. Collection and habitat data. This species was found in a hardwood forest with sugar maple and American beech, a floodplain forest, and a mixed forest. Adults were collected from flowers of trout lily (Erythronium americanum Ker-Gawl.), lilac, Cornus sp., choke cherry, and winter berry (Ilex verticiliata (L.)). A few individuals were swept from foliage or sifted from leaf litter at the base of a tree; others were captured in Lindgren funnel traps. Majka and Langor (2011)  pers. Campbell (1991c) reported 49 species and subspecies of Meloidae from Canada, most from the semiarid regions of the Prairie provinces and British Columbia. Only three species (Meloe impressus (Kirby), Epicauta murina (LeConte), and Epicauta pennsylvanica (DeGeer)), were reported from New Brunswick (Campbell 1991c Campbell (1991c). There is one specimen in the CNC from Ontario from Elgin Co., Sparta, East Bridge Trail, 5 September 1992, Neva Carmichael.

Family Mycteridae Oken, 1843
The Mycteridae (the palm and flower beetles) of North America was reviewed by Pollock (2002a). Little is known about the natural history of members of this family occurring in Canada. Mycterus adults are often collected from flowers (Pollock 2002a). A western species of Lacconotus was collected from under the bark of dead poplar (Populus spp.) (Lawrence 1991), and it is likely that most species of Eurypinae (formerly Lacconotinae) live under bark of dead trees (Pollock 2002a). The habits of adults are little known. Only four species of this family are known from Canada (Campbell 1991d). Lacconotus punctatus LeConte and the family Mycteridae were newly reported for the Maritime provinces by Majka and Selig (2006). Here, we report this species and family for the first time for New Brunswick (Table 1). Collection and habitat data. Specimens of L. punctatus from New Brunswick were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old silver maple forest, an old red oak forest, and a 110-year-old red spruce forest. Adults were captured during May and June. Larvae of Lacconotus occur under bark of conifers and deciduous trees (Lawrence 1991).

Boros unicolor
Collection and habitat data. Twenty-five specimens of this species are reported from New Brunswick. Most were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old red pine forest. One individual was beaten from foliage of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.). Adults were captured during late April, May, June, July, and August.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB (Campbell 1991e;Majka 2006). The records above are the first modern records of this species for the province.

Family Pythidae Solier, 1834
The Pythidae (the dead log beetles) of North America was reviewed by Pollock (1991Pollock ( , 2002c. Larvae of the Pythidae live in the subcortical region of dead coniferous trees (Pytho) or in the sapwood of conifer logs in the red rot stage (Priognathus) (Pollock 1991;Young 1991d). The larvae of Pytho are apparently xylophagus, as they have been reared solely on cambium of conifers (Pollock 1991). Adults may be predaceous based on characters of the mandibles, otherwise the food requirements of adults in this family are poorly known. Campbell (1991g) 6848°N, 66.8821°W, 19-25.V.2009, 1-8.VI.2009, 8-15.VI.2009 Collection and habitat data. In New Brunswick, P. niger was collected in a mature red spruce, an old red pine, and old mixed forests. Adults with specific habitat data were collected from under bark of leaning, dead, red spruce tree trunks. Adults occurred on the underside of the logs. Adults were also captured in Lindgren funnel traps with some frequency. Pollock (1991) reported this species from white pine (Pinus strobus L.), jack pine, black spruce, and balsam fir. Adults were collected during April, May, and June in New Brunswick. Alaska. AK, YK, NT, BC, AB, SK, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS, PE, NF (Campbell 1991g;Majka 2006). Collection and habitat data. In New Brunswick, this species was collected in a 110-year-old red spruce stand, an old (180-year-old) red pine forest, an old-growth white spruce and balsam fir forest (boreal forest), and in old mixed forests. Adults with habitat data recorded were collected from under bark of leaning, dead, red spruce trunks on the underside of the logs. A few adults were also captured in Lindgren funnel traps. Larval hosts include a variety of conifer species (Pollock 1991). Most adults were collected between late April and mid May, and one during late May and June.

Pytho seidlitzi
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. NT, BC, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell 1991g). This species was previously known from Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia in the Maritime provinces (Campbell 1991g;Majka 2006). The above records from New Brunswick indicate a broader distribution for this species in the region.

Family Pyrochroidae Latreille, 1806
The Pyrochroidae (the fire-colored beetles) of North America were reviewed by Young (2002b). Larval habitat associations of members of this family were described by Young (1991cYoung ( , 2002b, and these references should be consulted for details with respect to the biology of species in this family. In general, most species are associated with moist, decomposing, subcortical conditions of dead coniferous and deciduous trees. Larvae of a few Pedilus species have been found within decaying vegetative material on or in soil (Young 2002b). Four species of Pyrochroidae were reported for New Brunswick by Bousquet (1991c) and Campbell (1991f ). No additional species of this family were reported by Majka (2006) in his review of the fauna of the Maritime provinces. Here, we report three additional species from New Brunswick; Neopyrochroa femoralis (Le-Conte), Pedilus canaliculatus (LeConte), and Pedilus elegans (Hentz) ( Table 1). The latter two species are newly recorded for the Maritime provinces. Collection and habitat data. Adults were common on choke cherry flowers along a roadside adjacent to a black spruce forest. One individual was swept from foliage in a floodplain forest. Adults were captured during June.

Subfamily
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. QC, NB (Bousquet 1991c). Majka (2006) indicated that this species could be found in western or northern New Brunswick, as it occurred nearby in Maine. Collection and habitat data. This species was taken by beating foliage of choke cherry in a floodplain forest, sweeping foliage along a trail through a hardwood forest with sugar maple and American beech, and sweeping vegetation along a brook in a beaver meadow. Adults were collected during June.

Pedilus elegans
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. MB, ON, QC, NB (Bousquet 1991c Collection and habitat data. One adult was collected at a mercury-vapor light in a red oak and maple forest near a lake; others were captured in Lindgren funnel traps deployed in an old silver maple swamp, including traps that were deployed in the forest canopy. Adults were collected during June, July, and August. Larvae occur under bark and decomposing wood of standing, dead, hardwood trees, usually near riparian areas (Young 2002b).
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB, NS (Campbell 1991a;Majka 2006). Majka (2006) reported this species for the first time from the Maritime provinces, based on a specimen from Nova Scotia collected near Lake Kejimkujik in the Kejimkujik National Park. The above records indicate a broader distribution in the region.

Family Anthicidae Latreille, 1819
The Anthicidae (the ant-like flower beetles) of North America was reviewed by Chandler (2002a). Members of this family are scavengers and predators on small arthropods. Many species are ground dwelling and typically occur on or under debris on exposed sand or soil or on vegetation (Chandler 2002a). Nine species of Anthicidae were reported from New Brunswick by Bousquet (1991b). Sapintus pusillus (LaFerté-Sénectère) was newly recorded from New Brunswick by Majka and Ogden (2006). Later, Majka (2011b) reviewed the Anthicidae of Atlantic Canada and reported Amblyderus cervinus LaFerté-Sénectère and Amblyderus granularis (LeConte) as new to the province. Here, we report five additional species from New Brunswick and remove one species from the faunal list (Table 1). Collection and habitat data. In New Brunswick, A. haldemani was collected from among cobblestones on a cobblestone lakeshore beach, in drift material on a ledge near a waterfall, and in drift material near a seepage area along a river margin. This species was collected from beach drift in Newfoundland (Majka 2011c Collection and habitat data. Sapintus pubescens was found in a red oak and red maple (Acer rubrum L.) forest near a lakeshore, in a silver maple forest, and in a mixed forest. Most individuals were captured in an ultraviolet light trap and at a mercuryvapor light. One individual was swept from foliage. Adults were collected during June and August.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Bousquet 1991b Collection and habitat data. This species was swept from low vegetation (mostly Apocynum cannabinum L.) on a cobblestone area on an island in a large river. Adults were collected during July.

Family Aderidae Csiki, 1909
The Aderidae (ant-like leaf beetles) of eastern North America was reviewed by Werner (1990) and in a general treatment of the North American members of the family by Chandler (2002b). Adults are usually found on the underside of leaves of shrubs and trees (Chandler 2002b). Larvae have been found in leaf litter and under bark (Young 1991b). Majka (2011b) reviewed the Aderidae of the Maritime provinces and reported two species new to the region. Only Vanonus wickhami Casey was reported from New Brunswick (Bousquet 1991a;Majka 2011b Collection and habitat data. One individual was swept from foliage in a regenerating mixed forest in late July.
Distribution in Canada and Alaska. ON, QC, NB (Werner 1990