A new genus and two new species of Phygadeuontini (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae) from China

Abstract Carinityla Sheng & Sun gen. n., Carinityla punctulata Sheng & Sun sp. n. and Carinityla pilosa Sheng & Sun sp. n. belonging to the tribe Phygadeuontini of the subfamily Cryptinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), collected from Jiangxi Province, China, are described. A key to the species of the new genus, Carinityla Sheng & Sun, gen. n., is provided and the genus is placed in Townes’ key to genera of Endaseina.

In this article, one new genus and two new species, collected in Quannan County, Jiangxi Province, China, are described. Th e new genus belongs to the subtribe Endaseina of the tribe Phygadeuontini. Type specimens are deposited in the Insect Museum, General Station of Forest Pest Management, State Forestry Administration, People's Republic of China.
Th e specimens were collected using the entomological net in the forest of Quannan County, Jiangxi Province (China). Th e forest of Quannan is a forest composed of mixed deciduous angiosperms and evergreen conifers, mainly including Quercus spp., Castania spp., Castanopsis fabri Hance, Cinnamomum spp., Pinus massoniana (Lamb.).
Th e morphological terminology is mostly that of Gauld (1991). Wing vein nomenclature is based on Ross (1936) and the terminology on Mason (1986Mason ( , 1990.
Description. Fore wing length 7.2 to 8.8 mm. Head and thorax with dense and comparatively long hairs. Eye surface with short, sparse hairs. Upper margin of face slightly produced, weakly concave medially. Clypeus slightly convex, median portion of apical margin somewhat arcuate and distinctly raised. Mandible elongate, upper and lower margins almost parallel, upper tooth longer than lower tooth. Apical truncation of scape almost transverse. Apical half of antenna strongly fl attened below in female. Flagellomeres 10 to 11 (12) of male with strongly swollen tyloids. Epomia long and strong, from lower-anterior angle of pronotum continuing to its dorsal portion ( Figure 4). Notauli present. Posterior edge of mesoscutum with transverse groove, which is unusually conspicuous and complete. Scutoscutellar groove without median longitudinal carina. Epicnemium with short transverse carina opposite lower corner of pronotum. Epicnemial carina strongly curved backward or broken ( Figure 5) above sternaulus. Anterior half of sternaulus deep; posterior half weak, reaching to posterior margin of mesopleuron above its lower posterior corner. Areolet pentagonal, receiving vein 2m-cu at or slightly basad of its outer corner (Figures 1,7,10,14). Vein 2m-cu subvertical, with one bulla. Hind wing vein 1-cu strongly inclivous, about 3.0 to 4.0 times as long as cu-a. Propodeum completely areolate, carinae very strong. Costula connecting area superomedia in front of its middle. Propodeal spiracle 3.0 to 3.5 times as long as wide. Median dorsal carinae of fi rst tergum absent. Ovipositor compressed, tip very long and gradually tapered, with a weak nodus and very thin and indistinct ridges on ventral valve.
Remarks. Th is new genus is similar to Amphibulus Kriechbaumer 1893 and Coptomystax Townes 1970 and can be distinguished from Amphibulus in the notaulus present; epicnemial carina strongly curved backward or secondary carina present above sternaulus; fore wing vein 2m-cu almost reaching 3rs-m (Figure 1,7,10,14). In Amphibulus, the notaulus is absent; the epicnemial carina is neither curved backward nor is there a secondary carina above the sternaulus; fore wing vein 2m-cu is usually far from 3rs-m, usually connecting with the areolet near its median portion. Th e new genus can be distinguished from Coptomystax Townes by the eye surface with short sparse hairs; the upper margin of face without tubercle; a transverse groove at the posterior edge of mesoscutum distinct, complete and unusually conspicuous; the epicnemial carina approaching the subalar prominence, or discontinuous above the sternaulus. In Coptomystax the eye surface is bare; the upper edge of the face has a high and compressed median tubercle; the transverse groove at the posterior edge of the mesoscutum is distinct medially, evanescent laterally; the epicnemial carina ends below the middle of the hind edge of the pronotum.
Th is new genus can also be easily distinguished from the related genera Endasys Förster 1869 and Cisaris Townes 1970 by the following combination of characters: scutoscutellar groove without median longitudinal carina, median dorsal carinae of fi rst tergum absent (Endasys: scutoscutellar groove with a median longitudinal carina, fi rst tergum with distinct median dorsal carinae); fore wing with distinct areolet, posterior edge of mesoscutum with transverse groove (Cisaris: fore wing without areolet, posterior edge of mesoscutum without transverse groove).
In Townes' (1970)  Diagnosis. Second tergum, hind femur and tibia reddish brown. Notaulus not reaching to center of mesoscutum. Scutellum weakly convex, lateral sides not raised, without carina except at its basal corner.
Description. Female. Body length 9.3 to 9.7 mm. Fore wing length 7.2 to 7.8 mm. Ovipositor length about 2.8 mm. Head and mesosoma with dense punctures and long yellowish brown hairs.
Head. Face ( Figure 2) convex, approximately 2.2 times as wide as long, with dense, irregular punctures, median portion with short longitudinal wrinkles. Clypeal suture vestigial between clypeal foveae. Clypeus slightly convex, basal portion with punctures sparser than on face, subapically with shallow transverse concavity; apical portion smooth and impunctate, distinctly raised medially. Subbasal portion of mandible with short longitudinal wrinkles, apical portion with sparse shallow punctures; upper tooth distinctly longer than lower tooth. Cheek and gena with dense punctures, distance between punctures 0.2 to 0.5 times diameter of puncture. Subocular sulcus distinct. Malar space 0.4 to 0.5 times as long as basal width of mandible. Gena slightly convergent backward, in dorsal view 0.7 to 0.8 times as long as width of eye. Vertex ( Figure 3) with dense punctures. Postero-ocellar line about 0.44 times as long as ocular-ocellar line. Frons approximately fl at, with even and dense punctures, distance between punctures 0.2 to 0.5 times diameter of puncture. Antenna distinctly shorter than body length, with 27 fl agellomeres, ratio of length of fl agellomere 1:2:3:4:5 is 3.7:4.1:4.0:4.0:3.9. Flagellomeres 10 to 11 (12)   site lower corner of pronotum; upper portion of epicnemial carina oblique, upper end reaching about half distance to subalar prominence. Metapleuron with dense punctures, distance between punctures 0.2 to 0.5 times diameter of puncture. Juxtacoxal carina complete. Anterior portion of submetapleural carina strongly lobed. Wings brownish hyaline. Fore wing with vein 1cu-a slightly distal of 1-M by less than vein width. Vein 2-Cu approximately 2.0 times as long as 2cu-a. Hind wing vein 1-cu about 3.0 times as long as cu-a. Legs robust, with dense brown hairs. Hind coxa and femur with distinct fi ne punctures. Spurs of hind tibia about half length of fi rst tarsomere. Ratio of length of hind tarsomeres 1:2:3:4:5 is 10.0:4.5:3.5:1.8:3.7. Propodeum ( Figure 6) with sandy beige long hairs. Area superomedia hexagonal, 1.2 times as wide as long, costula connecting slightly in front of its middle. Area basalis smooth, vaguely punctate. Area externa with distinct punctures. Area superomedia with indistinct longitudinal wrinkles. Area dentipara with oblique longitudinal wrinkles. Area lateralis with oblique transverse wrinkles. Area petiolaris with transverse wrinkles. Propodeal spiracle approximately 3.3 times as long as wide, almost touching lateral longitudinal carina (closer to lateral longitudinal carina than to pleural carina). Propodeal apophysis short and compressed.
Metasoma. First and second terga smooth and shining, with very sparse and fi ne punctures. First tergum about 2.3 times as long as apical width. Postpetiole evenly convex. Median dorsal carinae absent. Dorsolateral and ventrolateral carinae complete. Spiracle circular, very small, slightly convex, located at apical 0.4 of fi rst tergum. Second tergum 0.5 to 0.6 times as long as apical width. Remaining terga with short brown hairs. Ovipositor sheath approximately 0.95 times as long as hind tibia. Ovipositor compressed, with weak nodus.
Color (Figure 1). Black, except the following. Ventral side and apical portion of scape, apical portion of pedicel, ventral side of basal portion (more or less) and fl at side of fl agellomeres, tegula brown. Dorsal sides of seventh to thirteenth fl agellomeres white. Median portion of mandible, dorsal sides of front and mid femora and tibiae brown. Maxillary and labial palpi, fore and mid coxae, trochanters and ventral sides of femora yellowish brown. Fore and mid tarsi dark brown. Hind coxa brown to yellowish brown. Hind trochanter, femur and tibia reddish brown. Apical ends of hind femur and tibia, hind fi rst tarsomere brownish black. Hind second to fi fth tarsomeres blackish brown. First and second terga, basal margin of third tergum reddish brown. Posterior margin of third to sixth terga slightly narrowly tinged brown. Main portions of seventh and eighth terga white. Fore wing with stigma brown, veins blackish brown. Hind wing with veins brown.
Male (Figure 7). Body length 9.5 to 11.0 mm. Fore wing length 7.2 to 8.5 mm. Face 1.7 to 1.8 times as wide as long. Antenna with 26 to 28 fl agellomeres. Upper posterior portion of pronotum, in front of tegula, weakly convex. Notaulus present, almost reaching to center (about 0.4) of mesoscutum. Area superomedia inverse trapeziform, 1.9 to 2.1 times as wide as long, costula connecting at its anterior 0.2 ( Figure  9). First tergum 2.6 to 2.7 times as long as apical width. Antennae with dorsal profi les of eighth to thirteen fl agellomeres white. Apical half of hind fi rst tarsomere and second to fourth tarsomeres buff . First to third terga reddish brown.
Host. Unknown. Head. Face ( Figure 11) strongly convex medially, approximately 1.9 times as wide as long, with dense and irregular punctures. Clypeal suture vestigial between clypeal foveae. Clypeus slightly convex, basal portion with sparse and irregular punctures, distance between punctures 1.0 to 3.0 times diameter of puncture; subapical portion with shallow, transverse concavity; apical 0.2 smooth and impunctate, median section of apical margin distinctly raised. Mandible with indistinct longitudinal wrinkles and fi ne punctures; upper tooth longer than lower tooth. Cheek with elongate punctures. Subocular sulcus indistinct. Malar space approximately 0.5 times as long as basal width of mandible. Gena with dense punctures, distance between punctures 0.2 to 1.0 times diameter of puncture; in dorsal view approximately 0.6 times as long as width of eye. Vertex with irregular punctures, distance between punctures 0.2 to 1.5 times diameter of puncture. Postero-ocellar line about 0.6 times as long as ocular-ocellar line. Frons approximately fl at, with regular and dense punctures, distance between punctures 0.2 to 1.0 times diameter of puncture. Antenna distinctly shorter than body in length, with 27 fl agellomeres, ratio of length of fl agellomeres 1:2:3:4:5 is 3.7:4.7:4.5:4.3:4.1. Flagellomeres 10 to 11 (12) of male with tyloids ( Figure 15) similar to those of C. punctulata. Tyloid on fl agellomere 11 0.7 to 0.9 times as long as fl agellomere. Occipital carina complete and strong, joining oral carina above base of mandible.

Carinityla pilosa
Mesosoma. Anterior portion of pronotum with fi ne punctures, laterally concave and lower portion with dense, oblique transverse wrinkles; upper posterior portion with fi ne punctures, distance between punctures 0.2 to 1.0 times diameter of puncture; upper posterior margin slightly and narrowly raised. Mesoscutum with dense punctures, distance between punctures 0.2 to 0.5 times diameter of puncture; posterior median portion with irregular longitudinal wrinkles. Notaulus present anteriorly. Scutoscutellar groove with fi ne longitudinal wrinkles. Scutellum almost fl at, with irregular punctures. Postscutellum smooth and shining, lateral portion strongly convex, anterior-lateral portion deeply concave. Subalar prominence strongly con- as 2cu-a. Hind wing vein 1-cu about 3.0 times as long as cu-a. Legs robust, with long and dense brown hairs. Hind coxae and femora with distinct fi ne punctures. Spurs of hind tibia approximately half length of fi rst tarsomere. Ratio of length of hind tarsomere 1:2:3:4:5 is 10.0:4.7:3.4:1.6:3.7. Propodeum ( Figure 13) with long, brown hairs. Area superomedia hexagonal, approximately 1.15 times as wide as long, costula connecting slightly in front of its middle. Area basalis and area superomedia smooth and shining. Area externa with fi ne punctures. Area dentipara with indistinct wrinkles. Area spiracularis almost smooth. Area lateralis with oblique transverse wrinkles. Area petiolaris and area posteroexterna with transverse wrinkles. Propodeal apophysis short and compressed. Propodeal spiracle approximately 3.0 times as long as wide, distance to pleural carina approximately 1.3 times as long as distance to lateral longitudinal carina.
Metasoma. First to third terga smooth and shining. First tergum approximately 2.3 times as long as apical width. Hind section of dorsolateral carina, behind spiracle, indistinct. Lateral margins of petiole almost parallel, only posterior portion slightly broadened. Postpetiole weakly and evenly convex, anterior half with sparse and fi ne punctures. Spiracle circular, very small, located at about apical 0.3 of fi rst tergum. Second tergum approximately 0.65 times as long as apical width. Remaining terga with short brown hairs and indistinct punctures. Ovipositor sheath approximately as long as hind tibia. Ovipositor compressed, with weak nodus.
Color ( Figure 10). Black, except the following. Ventral profi les of scape and pedicel dark brown. Flat portion of fl agellomeres more or less brown. Dorsal profi les of eighth to fourteenth fl agellomeres white. Maxillary and labial palpi buff except dark bases. Median portion of mandible crimson. All coxae and trochanters, inner profi les of front and mid femora yellowish brown. Remaining portion of fore legs and mid femora brown. Apices of mid femora, mid tibiae and tarsi puce. Apical portion of fi rst tarsomere of hind tarsi, second to fourth tarsomeres, posterior median portions of sixth and seventh terga, main portion of eighth tergum white. Petiole of fi rst tergum yellowish brown; postpetiole reddish brown. Stigma yellowish brown. veins brownish black.
Male (Figure 14). Body length 9.5 to 12.0 mm. Fore wing length 7.5 to 8.8 mm. Face 1.7 to 1.8 times as wide as long. Malar space 0.2 to 0.3 times as long as basal width of mandible. Antenna with 27 to 29 fl agellomeres. Upper posterior portion of pronotum, in front of tegula, weakly convex. Notaulus long, reaching beyond center of mesoscutum. Lateral sides of scutellum raised, median portion weakly concave; basal 0.2 to 0.3 with lateral carina. Median portion of mesopleuron smooth and shining, impunctate. Area superomedia 1.5 to 1.6 times as wide as long, costula connecting at its anterior 0.3 ( Figure 16). Propodeal spiracle 3.0 to 3.5 times as long as wide. First tergum 2.3 to 2.5 times as long as apical width. Dorsal profi le of basal fl agellomeres brownish black, ventral profi le reddish brown; dorsal profi les of seventh to thirteen fl agellomeres white; apical fl agellomeres brownish black. Stigma and veins brownish black.