Two new species of the bamboo-feeding genus Bambusicaliscelis Chen & Zhang, 2011 from China (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Caliscelidae)

Abstract Two new species of the bamboo-feeding planthopper genus Bambusicaliscelis Chen & Zhang, 2011, B.flavus Chen & Gong, sp. n. and B.guttatus Chen & Gong, sp. n., are described and illustrated from China. The generic characteristics are redefined and photographs of the new species are provided. A checklist and a key to species of Bambusicaliscelis are also given.

The planthopper genus Bambusicaliscelis was established by Chen and Zhang (2011) based on two species, B. dentis and B. fanjingensis, from China, and placed in the tribe Caliscelini of the subfamily Caliscelinae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Caliscelidae). The two species of Bambusicaliscelis are similar but can be easily distinguished from each other by their male genitalia.
In this paper, two new species, Bambusicaliscelis flavus sp. n. and Bambusicaliscelis guttatus sp. n., were collected from bamboo. Their descriptions and illustrations are given. The generic characteristics are redefined. A checklist and a key to species of Bambusicaliscelis are given.

Materials and methods
Terminology follows Chan and Yang (1994) and Chen and Zhang (2011). Dry specimens were used for the descriptions and illustrations. External morphology was observed under a stereoscopic microscope and characters were measured with an ocular micrometer. Measurements were given in millimeters; body length was measured from the apex of the head to tip of the abdomen in repose. The genital segments of the examined specimens were macerated in 10% NaOH, washed in water, and transferred to glycerin. Illustrations of the specimens were made with a Leica MZ 12.5 stereomicroscope. Photographs were taken with KEYENCE VHX-1000 system. Illustrations were scanned with CanoScan LiDE 200 and imported into Adobe Photoshop CS7 for labelling and plate composition.
The type specimens and material examined are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (IEGU).

Bambusicaliscelis Chen & Zhang, 2011 Figs 1-24
Bambusicaliscelis Chen & Zhang, 2011: 95;Chen et al. 2014: 157. Type species. Bambusicaliscelis fanjingensis Chen & Zhang, 2011, by original designation. Diagnosis. General color yellowish brown to blackish brown. Vertex from apex to tip of abdomen with a pale longitudinal stripe along median line. Vertex with disc slightly concave, lateral margins subparallel, width at base wider than length in middle line. Frons rather broad, widest part under level of lower margin of eyes, length in median line longer than width; lateral margins distinctly carinate, from apex to level of lower margin of eyes subparallel then gradually incurved to frontoclypeal suture; median carina present, weak; submedian carinae arising from basal margin of frons, slightly divergent then convergent apically, not reaching to frontoclypeal suture; each lateral area between submedian carina and lateral carina with two rows include 12 small pustules. Postclypeus with median carina distinct, lateral carinate obscure. Rostrum reaching posterior trochanters. Pronotum broad transversely, 3-carinate, median carina weak, length in median line slightly shorter than vertex. Mesonotum 3-carinate, median carina weak, length in median line shorter than vertex and pronotum combined. Forewing with length slightly longer than width, anterior and posterior margins subparallel, apical margin subtruncate, veins obscure. Hindwing absent. Legs with fore and middle femora and tibiae normal. Hind tibiae with one spine at middle. Spinal formula of hind leg 6-3-2.
Male genitalia. Anal segment short, in dorsal view with length in middle line longer than broad at widest part. Pygofer in lateral view with ventral margin distinctly longer than dorsal margin, in posterior view long oval, with opening longer than broad. Aedeagus with phallobase tubular; phallus paired, slender and long, encircled in phallobase, tapering apically. Genital style broad, with a strong finger-like process apically arising from dorsal margin, directed basally.

Distribution. China (Yunnan).
Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin words "flavus" which refer to its forewing color.
Description. Coloration. Body mainly yellowish brown to blackish brown. The longitudinal stripe from apex of vertex to tip of abdomen pale yellowish white ( Figure 13). Frons (Figure 16) dark brown with the small pustules yellowish brown between lateral and submedian carinae. Clypeus brown. Eyes and antennae dark brown. Forewing 18) brown with one large yellowish white marking near apical margin. Legs brown.
Head and thorax. Vertex with anterior margin subtruncated, width of vertex ( Figure  15) including eyes as long as pronotum. Vertex ( Figure 15) with length in middle line 0.8 times than width at base. Frons (Figure 16) 1.3 times longer in middle line than widest part, submedian carinae slightly keeled, areas between submedian carinae and lateral carinae slightly depress. Pronotum (Figure 15) shorter in middle line than vertex (1:1.6). Mesonotum (Figure 15) 0.7 times as long as vertex and pronotum together in middle line. Forewing (Figure 18) with length 1.3 times than broad at widest part, veins obscure.
Male genitalia. Anal segment in dorsal view ( Figure 19) with length 1.3 times longer in middle line than widest part, two lateral margins concave; in lateral view ( Figure  20) dorsal margin slightly convex, the widest at apical 1/2, thence constricted, ventral margin slightly concave in the middle. Pygofer in lateral view ( Figure 20) with posterior margin with upper half roundly convex, lower half truncated; in posterior view ( Figure  21) nearly oval, with length 1.7 times as long as widest part; in ventral view ( Figure 23) with posterior margin with two stout and short medioventral processes, anterior margin slightly convex, lateral margins subparallel. Genital style in lateral view ( Figure 22) with basal 1/2 basally narrowing, median portion widest, apical margin slightly concave, with length 3.1 times as long as widest part, a strong finger-like process apically arising from dorsal margin, directed basad; in ventral view ( Figure 23) long and narrow, with apex inward bent, nearly hook-like. Aedeagus with phallobase (Figs 20, 24) slender, long and tubular. Phallus (Figs 20, 24) tubular, much slender and longer, tapering apically, apical 1/2 beyond apical margin of phallobase, then apical 1/4 distinctly bent.

Distribution. China (Guangxi).
Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin words "guttatus" which refer to its forewing with a large yellowish white marking.
Differential diagnosis. B. guttatus sp. n. is similar to B. fanjingensis, but differs in: 1) forewing brown with one large yellowish white marking (blackish brown, without any marking in fanjingensis); 2) pygofer in posterior view, ventral margin with two medioventral processes (medioventral process single in fanjingensis); 3) genital style in lateral view with dorsal process located apically, large and apical margin roundly convex (dorsal process located near apex, relatively slender and apex sharp in fanjingensis).

Discussion
The Bambusicaliscelis Thaiscelis Gnezdilov, 2015 are readily distinguished from other known genera of Caliscelini by carination of the frons (Figs 4, 16; Gnezdilov 2015: figs 6-7). The genus differs from Thaiscelis in general coloration being yellowish brown to blackish brown (dark brown or black in Thaiscelis); vertex with anterior margin truncate or roundly convex (anterior margin acutely angulate in Thaiscelis); each side of frons between lateral margin and submedian carina with two rows include 12 small pustules (eleven small pustules in Thaiscelis).
Bambusicaliscelis may be seen as one of the most primitive members of tribe Caliscelini according to its "closed-tube" type of phallobase (Figs 12, 24), which is possibly the primitive (ancestral) condition compared to the "open-tube" type of other Caliscelini (Gnezdilov and Bourgoin 2009: figs 63-65) and Peltonotellini (Emeljanov 2008: figs 2-3), which may be treated as a derived condition.