Corresponding author: Hong-Zhang Zhou (
Academic editor: Jan Klimaszewski
This paper treats Chinese species of the rove beetle genus
The subgenus
Previously one species,
All specimens examined were measured using a compound microscope (Leica MZ12). Before dissection the specimens were relaxed in warm water (60°C) for 3–5 hours, then male genitalia were separated from terminal abdominal segment by dissecting needle, macerated in 10% KOH solution, rinsed in distilled water, and preserved in 75% alcohol for consequent observation. Measurements and photographs were taken by using CCD Scientific Cameras (Motic 252A) and digital microscopy software (Motic Images Advanced 3.2 and Multi-Focus 1.0).
The morphological terminology follows mainly that used by
The following abbreviations are used in the text: HL, head length (measured from anterior margin of frontal angle to the posterior margin of head capsule); PL, pronotum length (measured along medial line of the disc); EL, elytron length (measured from the humeral margin to the most distal margin); HW, head width (maximal, excluding eyes); PW, pronotum width (maximal); EW, elytra width (maximal).
Specimens from this study are deposited in the following collections:
IZ-CAS Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
SEM-CAS Shanghai Entomological Museum, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai
This subgenus may be distinguished from the other subgenera by having the head with a pair of distinct lateral teeth; outer lateral teeth on head often present, but never lateral to, nor in the same horizontal plane as main lateral teeth; frontal tooth on anterior margin of frontal impression of head, if present, never single and centrally placed (
.
1. | Frontal impression on head rhomboid in shape, anterior margin strongly convex in middle ( |
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– | Frontal impression of head never rhomboid in shape, anterior margin not convex in middle ( |
2 |
2. | Frontal impression about 5 times as wide as long ( |
|
– | Frontal impression at most 4 times as wide as long ( |
3 |
3. | Anterior margin of frontal impression of head without frontal tooth at each side ( |
|
– | Anterior margin of frontal impression of head with frontal tooth at each side ( |
4 |
4. | Lateral teeth on head distinctly convergent forward, with dorsal base not distinctly convex ( |
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– | Lateral teeth on head parallel, with dorsal base strongly convex ( |
.
Holotype male, Xizang: Motuo, 1370 m, 18.ix.1979, Gentao Jin and Jianyi Wu coll. (SEM-CAS). Paratypes (13 spp.): 2 males and 9 females, same data as for holotype; male, Xizang: Motuo: Kabu, 1100 m, 8.v.1980, Gentao Jin and Jianyi Wu coll. (SEM-CAS); female, Xizang: Motuo, 1000–1200 m, 11.ii.1983, Yinheng Han coll. (IZ-CAS).
Measurement. Body length: 10.04–11.13 mm; HL: 0.74–0.82 mm; HW: 1.58–1.70 mm; PL: 1.70–1.97 mm; PW: 2.23–2.47 mm; EL: 2.49–2.58 mm; EW: 2.35–2.54 mm.
Coloration. Head black with labrum red-brown, mandibles black with inner side red-brown (
General habitus, dorsal view: 1
Structural attributes. Head transverse (
Head, dorsal view: 6
Antennae subgeniculate, antennomere I baculiform and apically slightly depressed to form shallow sulcus on dorsal side, antennomere II smallest, slightly transverse; antennomere III elongate about 1.7 times as long as II; antennomeres IV and V almost quadrate; antennomeres VI–X gradually more transverse apically; antennomere XI elongate, apically rounded, about twice as long as X.
Mentum trapeziform (
Pronotum transverse, distinctly wider than head, anterior margin weakly bisinuate, sides almost parallel, median longitudinal sulcus deep and narrow, slightly broadened posteriorly, not reaching either anterior nor posterior margins; lateral marginal area with 30–35 setiferous punctures, punctures on upper half distinctly larger than on lower half, disc polished, with indistinct micropunctures evenly distributed.
Protibiae externally furnished with 11–15 denticles, which gradually become shorter basally.
Elytra almost quadrate, epipleural line complete, setiferous punctures on lateral marginal side sparser and less distinct than those on sides of pronotum.
Mentum, ventral view: 11
Abdomen cylindrical, along anterior and posterior margin of III–VI segments respectively with row of setae, but VI segment distinctly with additional median row of setae extending to central disc, segments VII and VIII densely setose, disc of III–VI segment densely punctured except for transverse glabrous region near to posterior margin, basal distinctly denser than apical, on disc of VII and VIII, centrally with longitudinal glabrous region, narrow and extending to basal region.
Aedeagus submembranous (
Aedeagus of
This new species is similar to
Only known from type locality in Xizang, elevations of 1000–1370 m.
The species name is derived from Latin word ‘amplus’ (broad) to indicate distinctly transverse frontal impression of head.
Holotype male, Guangxi: Longsheng: Neicujiang, 840 m, 7.vi.1963, Shuyong Wang coll. (IZ-CAS).
Measurement.Body length: 9.84 mm. HL: 0.71 mm; HW: 1.48 mm; PL: 1.56 mm; PW: 2.07 mm; EL: 2.18 mm; EW: 2.09 mm.
Coloration.Head black with labrum red-brown, mandibles black with inner side reddish brown (
Structural attributes.Head transverse (
Antennae subgeniculate, antennomere I baculiform and apically slightly depressed, antennomere II smallest, slightly transverse; antennomere III elongate about 2 times as long as II; antennomeres IV quadrate; antennomeres V–X gradually more transverse apically; antennomere XI elongate, apically rounded, about 2 times as long as X.
Mentum trapeziform (
Pronotum transverse, distinctly wider than head, anterior margin weakly bisinuate, sides almost parallel, median longitudinal sulcus deep, broadest in middle and gradually narrowed anteriorly and posteriorly, not reaching either anterior or posterior margins; lateral marginal area with 21–23 setiferous punctures, punctures on upper half not distinctly larger than on lower, disc polished, surface evenly with fine micropuncture scattered, centrally with two distinct fovea on sides of longitudinal sulcus.
Protibiae externally furnished with 13 or 14 denticles, which gradually become shorter basally.
Elytra slightly longer than wide, epipleural line complete, setiferous punctures on lateral marginal side sparser and less distinct than those on side of pronotum.
Abdomen cylindrical, along anterior and posterior margin of III–VI segments respectively with row of setae, segments VII and VIII densely setose, disc of III–VI segment densely punctured, except for broad and transverse glabrous region near posterior margin, basal denser than apical, central disc of VII evenly punctured, VIII centrally with narrow longitudinal glabrous region.
This new species can easily be distinguished from other members of the subgenus
Known from the type locality in Guangxi, elevation of 840 m.
The species name is derived from Latin words ‘bi-’ (double) and ‘concavus’ (concave) to indicate two distinct fovae on pronotum of this species.
Holotype male, Yunnan: Tengchong: Jietou (25°41.820'N 098°40.835'E), 1865 m, 14.v.2006, H.B. Liang coll. (IZ-CAS). Paratypes (2 spp.): 2 females, same data as for holotype (IZ-CAS).
Measurement. Body length: 10.43–11.78 mm. HL: 0.56–0.70 mm; HW: 1.43–1.52 mm; PL: 1.46–1.67 mm; PW: 1.99–2.22 mm; EL: 2.01–2.21 mm; EW: 2.09–2.25 mm.
Coloration. Head black with labrum red-brown (
Structural attributes. Head (
Antennae subgeniculate, antennomere I baculiform and apically slightly depressed to form shallow sulcus on dorsal side, antennomere II smallest, slightly transverse; antennomere III elongate about 1.5 times as long as II; antennomeres IV–VI slightly quadrate; VII–X gradually more transverse apically; antennomere XI elongate, apically rounded, about 1.5 times as long as X. Mentum trapeziform (
Pronotum transverse (
Protibiae externally furnished with 11–14 denticles, which gradually become shorter basally.
Elytra almost quadrate, epipleural line absent, setiferous punctures on lateral marginal side sparser and less distinct than those on side of pronotum.
Abdomen cylindrical, along anterior and posterior margin of III–VI segments respectively with row of setae, disc of each segments densely punctured, except for broad glabrous region near posterior margin, basal distinctly denser than apical, segments VII and VIII densely setose and punctured, with longitudinal glabrous region in central.
Male: aedeagus almost membranous (
. This species can be distinguished from other members of subgenus
Aedeagus of
Known from the type locality in Yunnan, elevation of 1865 m.
The species name derived from a Latin word ‘rhombicus’ (rhombic) to indicate the shape of its frontal impression.
Holotype female,Zi Ka Wei (Shanghai: Xujiahui), 4.v.1939, collector unknown (IZ-CAS).
Measurement. Body length: 9.75 mm. HL: 0.72 mm; HW: 1.42 mm; PL: 1.63 mm; PW: 2.02 mm; EL: 2.05 mm; EW: 2.14 mm.
Coloration. Head black with labrum red-brown (
Structural attributes. Head (
Antennae subgeniculate, antennomere I baculiform and apically slightly depressed to form shallow sulcus on dorsal side, antennomere II smallest, slightly transverse; antennomere III elongate about 2 times as long as II; antennomeres IV–V slightly quadrate; VI–X gradually transverse; antennomere XI elongate, apically rounded, about 1.8 times as long as X.
Mentum trapeziform (
Pronotum transverse (
Protibiae externally furnished with 10 denticles, which gradually become shorter basally.
Elytra almost quadrate, epipleural line complete, setiferous punctures on lateral marginal side sparser and less distinct than those on side of pronotum.
Abdomen cylindrical, along anterior and posterior margin of III–VI segments respectively with row of setae, but VI segment with additional median row of setae, segments VII and VIII densely setose, disc of III–VI segments densely punctured, without distinct glabrous region near posterior margin, basal distinctly denser than apical, VII punctured, centrally without longitudinal glabrous region, glabrous region on VIII short and not extending to basal half.
Known from type locality in Shanghai.
The specific name ‘shanghaiensis’ is derived from the name of the type locality, Shanghai.
Holotype male, Hainan: Diaoluoshan, 14.i.1985, Gentao Jin and Zurao Liu coll. (SEM-CAS). Paratypes (18 spp.): 11 males, 6 females, same data as for holotype (SEM-CAS); male, Hainan: Limushan: Sanquling, 30.xi.2007, 830 m, Zhuo Yang coll. (IZ-CAS).
Measurement. Body length: 9.80–10.35 mm. HL: 0.61–0.66 mm; HW: 1.47–1.65 mm; PL: 1.63–1.81 mm; PW: 2.15–2.29 mm; EL: 2.14–2.32 mm; EW: 2.17–2.22 mm.
Coloration. Head black with labrum red-brown (
Structural attributes. Head (
Antennae subgeniculate, antennomere I baculiform and apically slightly depressed to form shallow sulcus on dorsal side, antennomere II smallest, slightly transverse; antennomere III elongate about 2 times as long as II; antennomeres IV–X gradually transverse, X about 2.5 times as wide as long; antennomere XI elongate, apically rounded, about 2.5 times as long as X.
Mentum trapeziform (
Pronotum transverse (
Protibiae externally furnished with 11–13 denticles, which gradually become shorter basally.
Elytra almost quadrate, epipleural line complete, setiferous punctures on lateral marginal side sparser and less distinct than those on side of pronotum.
Abdomen cylindrical, along anterior and posterior margin of III–VI segments respectively with row of setae, but VI segment with additional median row of setae, segments VII and VIII densely setose, disc of III–VI segment densely punctured, basal distinctly denser than apical, but near posterior margin with small glabrous region in middle, on disc of VII and VIII, glabrous region narrow and extending to basal region.
Male aedeagus almost membranous (
Aedeagus of
This species is allied to
Known from type locality in Hainan, elevation about 800 m.
The species name is derived from Latin word ‘tuberculatus’ (tuberculate) to indicate vertex tuberculately convex at base of lateral teeth.
We are grateful to Dr. Hongbing Liang (IZ-CAS) for kindly collecting some specimens for our study. We thank Mr. Jon Cooter in Oxford University Museum of Natural History for his correction of language of this manuscript. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for insightful comments on this manuscript. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC-30900212), CAS Innovation Program (KSCX2-YW-Z-0910), and a grant from the Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution of CAS (No. O529YX5105).