Checklist of flesh flies of Turkey (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)

Abstract A checklist of 153 flesh fly species (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) recorded to date from Turkey is presented. Updating the list was necessary due to the numerous recent records. Records are listed according to provinces.


Introduction
The first reviews of Turkish Sarcophagidae were compiled by Verves (1986a, b) and , and they listed a total of 85 and 81 species, respectively. However, the true number of Turkish sarcophagids may well range from 175 to 250 species. For a comprehensive list of papers dealing with Turkish flesh fly fauna, consult  or citations below. The need to elaborate the checklist of Turkish sarcophagids became evident after the authors presented numerous new records for Turkey and individual Turkish provinces .

Materials and methods
Subfamilies, genera, and species are arranged in the order of the catalogue of Verves (1986a) with subsequent additions (Povolný and Verves 1997;Verves 1986bVerves , 2001aVerves and Khrokalo 2006a, b, 2007, 2014aVerves et al. 2015a, b;Xue and Verves 2009;Xue et al. 2011Xue et al. , 2015. We are aware of conflicts between this conception and recent molecular studies (e.g. Piwczyński et al. 2017;Buenaventura and Pape 2017), so we used more traditional approach.

Discussion
Altogether 153 species of Sarcophagidae are listed from Turkey. The degree of study of Turkish sarcophagids is not high: we suppose that approximately 75 -80 % of species is currently known from the country. The number of species known for each Turkish province is very different (Fig. 1)   of Anatolia at junction of three biodiversity hotpots: the Caucasus, Irano-Anatolian and Mediterranean (Gür 2016), resulted in very high animal diversity. This, alongside poor level of faunistic research, may explain recent increase in the number of known sarcophagids from 82 (last catalogue:  to 153 (present paper). Nevertheless, zoogeographical analysis of Turkish sarcophagid fauna is difficult because many species changed its range owing to human activities.
Altogether 24 species (ca. 16 %) are broadly distributed, known from at least three basic geographic realms. Out of them, three species are virtually cosmopolitan (Bercaea africa, Liopygia argyrostoma, and L. crassipalpis). At least several species of this group were artificially disseminated by humans.
The numbers of shared species between Turkey and other zoogeographical regions is depicted in Fig. 2.
Most species occur also in the Oriental (38 species), Afrotropical (15 species), Nearctic (13 species), Australian/Oceanian (9 species) and Neotropical (4 species) regions. Not surprisingly, most species known currently from Turkey are Palaearctic in distribution (43 species) or known from at least the western (30 species) or west -central parts (4 species), representing more than 50% of species. The dominance of Palaearctic elements in the Anatolian fauna has been well established (see e.g., Kosswig 1955).
The remaining species have several types of distribution covering the whole of the Mediterranean subregion (6 species) or only its eastern parts (8 species), while additional species penetrate from teh East Mediterranean to eastern countries of Middle East (4 species) or to the warmest parts of central Europe (2 species classified as submediterranean) or to central Asia (5 species). Altogether these species compose 16.33 % of total.
James MT (1947) The flies that cause myiasis in man. Miscellaneous Publications of the United