A review of the West African genus Saraina (Araneae, Salticidae)

Th e West-African genus Saraina is revised. Th e type species Saraina rubrofasciata Wanless & Clark, 1975 is redescribed based on its type material. Earlier records of S. rubrofasciata from Congo turned out to belong to two new species: viz., S. deltshevi sp. n. (♂) and S. kindamba sp. n. (♂♀). A key to the males of the known species is provided.


Introduction
Th e monotypic genus Saraina from Ivory Coast was established by Wanless and Clark (1975) for Saraina rubrofasciata Wanless & Clark, 1975 known from females only.Later, Szűts and Scharff (2005) described the male of S. rubrofasciata from the Republic of Congo, and this has remained the only record of the genus since its original description.Recently, I was privileged to re-examine both the type specimens and those of Szűts and Scharff (with the exception of one male and female supposedly kept in the Wrocław University, but seemingly lost), together with new collections of Saraina from Ivory Coast and the Democratic Republic of Congo kept in the Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale Tervuren.Among these I have found additional male and female specimens of S. rubrofasciata collected from Ivory Coast.Th e specimens examined by Szűts and Scharff (2005) from the Republic of Congo and the Democratic Republic of Congo turned out to belong to two new species: namely, S. deltshevi sp.n. (♂) and S. kindamba sp.n. (♂♀).Th us, the genus Saraina currently comprises three species.

Material and methods
Th is work is based on the salticid collections held at the Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren (indicated as MRAC in the text, Dr R. Jocqué) and the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest (HNHM, Dr. L. Dányi).Th e specimens were examined in ethanol and descriptions of colours refer to specimens in this medium.Th e drawings were made with the aid of a reticular eyepiece attached to a MBS-10 stereomicroscope.Th e male pedipalps and the epigynes were detached for study.Epigynes were macerated in 20% KOH solution for one night.After being drawn, the copulatory organs were placed in microvials or small pieces of paper with ethanol together with the specimens from which they had been removed.
All drawings were edited with Adobe Photoshop.Figures 2-4 and 7-8 for the right palp of the holotype were mirrored because for other species left palps have been illustrated.Abbreviations used in the text: AME -anterior median eyes, PME -posterior median eyes, PLE -posterior lateral eyes, Fm -femur, Pt -patella, Ti -tibia, Mt -metatarsus.Th e sequence of leg segments in the measurement data is as follows: femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus.All measurements are in millimetres.Leg spination follows the system used by Ono (1988).
Saraina is a fi ssidentate genus.Th e structure of the male copulatory organs is unique: the tibia has three apophyses -ventral, medial and dorsal (Fig. 1).Th e whip-liked embolus is long and thin, originating from the prolateral side, and directed inwards of the cymbium (Szűts and Scharff 2005).Th e relationships of this genus to other salticid genera are unclear (see Wanless and Clark 1975;Dippenaar-Schoeman and Jocqué 1997).Th e cheliceral base in both sexes and the female copulatory organs in Saraina resemble those of some Euophryinae (see also Wanless and Clark 1975, pp. 288-289), while the male copulatory organs are more similar to those of some Th iodininae.Type material.Holotype ♂, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO, Luki Biosphere Reserve, primary forest, end of dry season, fogging (fog 18), 5°37'S, 13°05'E,   Diagnosis.Males can be easily separated from those of S. rubrofasciata by the shorter ventral and the longer medial tibial apophyses (Fig. 9, arrows 1 and 2), and also by the shape of the retrolateral bump of the tegulum, especially in its dorsal part (Fig. 11,arrow).From S. deltshevi sp.n., it can be separated by the presence of a dorsal bump on the medial tibial apophysis (Fig. 12, arrow).Females can easily be distinguished from S. rubrofasciata by the longer insemination ducts (Fig. 17).

Key to species (males only)
Etymology.Th e species is named after the type locality of the holotype, Kindamba, Republic of Congo.Noun in apposition.
Description  Distribution.Known only from the Republic of Congo.
Remarks.Th e material from the Kindamba locality (Republic of Congo) contains three samples -two males from diff erent species and a single female.It has been diffi cult to decide which species the female belong to, as the body colouration of all three species is very similar.I have provisionally assigned it to S. kindamba sp.n.More material of both sexes is needed to resolve this problem in the future.

Saraina rubrofasciata Wanless & Clark, 1975
Figs 19-29 S. rubrofasciata Wanless and Clark, 1975: 289, f. 23-26 (Df ).Diagnosis.Males can be easily separated from those of S. deltshevi by the presence of a dorsal bump on the medial tibial apophysis (Fig. 23, arrowed).From S. kindamba, they can be distinguished by the longer ventral and shorter medial tibial apophysis (Fig. 19, arrows 1 and 2), also by the shape of the retrolateral bump of the tegulum, especially on its dorsal part (Fig. 21, arrow).Th e females diff er from those of S. kindamba in having shorter insemination ducts (Fig. 26