Corresponding author: Adam Brunke (
Academic editor: J. Klimaszewski
Based on newly discovered characters on the male genitalia, external morphology and an accumulation of ecological data, we revise the single member of the genus
Brunke A, Smetana A, Carruthers-Lay D, Buffam J (2017) Revision of
The genus
Here we re-assess the taxonomic status of the ecologically specialized population of
All specimens were examined using a Nikon SMZ25 stereomicroscope. To allow for the routine dissection of the terminal abdominal segments (including the aedeagus), distilled water was applied directly to the tip of the abdomen using a fine paintbrush. As a precaution against DNA degradation, specimens examined in the present study were never subjected to high ambient humidity relaxing chambers or entirely submersed in water. Genitalia were washed with 70% alcohol and placed in glycerin for observation. Genitalia were placed in glycerin filled vials for long-term storage, which were pinned with their respective specimen.
Measurements were performed using the live measurement module in NIS Elements BR v4.5. Measurements were taken as listed below, but only proportional (
Line illustrations were performed in Adobe Illustrator CS6 based on photographs. Photomontage was accomplished using a motorized Nikon SMZ25 microscope and NIS Elements BR v4.5. Photos were processed in Adobe Photoshop CS6. Distribution maps were created using SimpleMappr (
Extraction, amplification and sequencing of the barcoding fragment of
A revision of
1 | Elytral disc with fine setation laterally (Fig. |
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– | Elytral disc without fine setation (Fig. |
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2 | Male sternite VIII with distinct emargination (Fig. |
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– | Male sternite VIII without or with slight emargination (Fig. |
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Enterprise, Florida
Habitus of
The male lectotype of
Measurements ♂ (n = 5):
Measurements ♀ (n = 5):
Coloration: body dark brown, pronotum sometimes moderately paler, dark reddish brown, abdomen with strong iridescence; palpi reddish brown; legs except coxae light reddish to reddish brown, paler than rest of body, coxae dark brown; antennae dark reddish brown, apical 1-2 segments slightly paler.
Head transverse, slightly more so in males, temples slightly smaller to slightly longer than eyes, middle of disc without punctures. Antennomeres elongate, antennomere 3 extremely elongate, segments decreasing in length to penultimate, which is slightly elongate.
Pronotum slightly longer than wide, weakly converging anteriad, disc without microsculpture, wider than head (Fig.
Abdominal tergites with pubescence moderately sparse, setae separated by far more than their diameter, especially sparse at middle of each disc.
Median lobe in lateral view narrowed to simple apex, which is deflexed ventrad at apical fifth (Fig.
Female tergite X elongate triangular, with thin median extension that gradually extends from lateral margin in most specimens, shape overlapping with some specimens of
Figure
Specimens have been collected using FITs in hammock forests, ‘pinelands’, and one specimen came to a UV light. Two specimens were teneral (3.III to 28.IV, 15.XI to 24.II).
Gatineau Park, Outaouais region, Quebec, Canada.
(19 ♂ 17 ♀
Measurements ♂ (n = 5):
Measurements ♀ (n = 5):
Similar to
We describe this species in honor of Canada on its 150th birthday. Like its national animal, the North American Beaver, Canada promotes a diverse community within its greater environment. The species epithet refers to the close association of this rove beetle with beaver lodges.
Figure
All specimens with collecting data have been taken from the nest material within beaver or muskrat lodges, some of which were abandoned for several years. Teneral specimens have been collected in August and September.
3 mi northwest of Orange, Orange County, Texas.
(13 ♂ 17 ♀
Pronotum shape in
Measurements ♂ (n = 5):
Measurements ♀ (n = 5):
Extremely similar to
The species epithet means unbounded in Latin and refers to the occurrence of this species in a variety of wetland habitats, though not inside the lodges of beavers or muskrats.
Figure
Specimens have been collected from a variety of wetland edge habitats ranging from open eutrophic ponds to shaded vernal forest pools.
Distribution of
A taxonomic revision of
The distribution of
Thus far, eleven species of beetle are obligate associates of beaver and muskrat lodges in North America (Table
Obligate associations of beetles with the lodges of beavers and muskrats in North America.
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We would like to thank the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario for processing and sequencing of specimens and especially, V. Levesque-Beaudin (Guelph, Canada) for suggesting the OTU analysis in