Location of Gomantong Caves within the Gomantong Forest Reserve, Kinabatangan, Sandakan District (A) and Madai Cave within the Madai Baturong Forest Reserve, Kunak, Lahad Datu District (B), with both caves indicated on the Sabah map (C). Harp traps were deployed at the entrance of the Semud Hitam, Gomantong Caves, while mist nets were set up along the boardwalk and forest areas surrounding the cave. At Madai Cave, only harp traps were set up within the cave itself.