New species of Rogmocrypta Simon, 1900 from New Caledonia, with remarks on relationships and distribution (Araneae, Salticidae)

Abstract Five new species of Rogmocrypta: R. karolinae (♀), R. koniambo (♀), R. patryki (♀), R. raveni (♀), and R. rollardae (♀) are diagnosed, described, and illustrated. The definition of the genus is ammended and its distribution and relationships are discussed.


Introduction
The fauna of New Caledonia is often discussed in terms of Gondwanan heritage. Indeed, the island group was separated from Gondwana some 85 MYA, but later experienced multiple subductions and submergences (Cluzel et al. 2012) and, in fact it only emerged in post-Eocene (37 MYA). Consequently, New Caledonian biota, fauna, and flora should not be discussed in terms of direct Gondwanan heritage, but rather as the result of local radiations and colonisation from other sources (Keast and Miller 1996, Grandcolas et al. 2008, Heads 2008, 2010, 2014. The phenomenon of local radiation is also known for several salticid genera such as Corambis Simon, 1901, Penionomus Simon, 1903and Rhondes Simon, 1901(Maddison et al. 2008; all are part of the Aus-tralasian Astioida clade and derived from Australian ancestors between 9 and 20 MYA (Bodner and Maddison 2012). The genus Rogmocrypta (here) with seven nominal species is also the case of radiation in situ.
Our initial aim is to present a complete revision of the genus; however, the lack of type material for R. nigella Simon, 1900 andR. puta Simon, 1900 limited our goals.

Materials and methods
The material was obtained from the following collections: MNHN Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France QM Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Australia.
The examination specimen methods were as described by Żabka (1991). The drawings were made using a grid system. The photographs were taken with Nikon D5200 camera and Nikon SMZ1000 stereomicroscope, and were digitally processed with ZoomBrowser and HeliconFocus software. The dissected epigynes were digested in 10% KOH and studied under compound microscope. The actual and predicted distributional maps were generated with DIVA-GIS bio-climatic software using BIOCLIM application (Nix, 1986;Busby, 1991). Our model has been produced with 14 field records and met the requirements for the software (at least 5-10 records ;Hernandez et. al. 2006). The following environmental variables were used in the analysis: annual mean temperature, mean monthly temperature range, isothermality, temperature seasonality, max temperature of warmest month, min temperature of coldest month, temperature annual range, mean temperature of wettest quarter, mean temperature of driest quarter, mean temperature of warmest quarter, mean temperature of coldest quarter, annual precipitation, precipitation of wettest month, precipitation of driest month, precipitation seasonality, precipitation of wettest quarter, precipitation of driest quarter, precipitation of warmest quarter, precipitation of coldest quarter.

Abbreviations used in the text and figure legends are:
AEW anterior eye width, AME anterior medial eyes, AL abdomen length, AW abdomen width, cd copulatory duct, CH cephalothorax height, CL cephalothorax length, co copulatory opening, CW cephalothorax width, EFL eye field length, e embolus, eo endites outgrowth, fd fertilisation duct, L leg, PEW posterior eye width, PLE posterior lateral eyes, PME posterior medial eyes, rta retrolateral tibial apophysis, s spermatheca, t tegulum, tr transverse ridge.
Distribution. According to WSC (2017) three species of Rogmocrypta are listed from New Caledonia (R. elegans), Philippines (R. nigella Simon, 1900) and Singapore (R. puta Simon, 1900). However, two latter are poorly known, their bioclimatic distributional predictions (Fig. 45) do not match Rogmocrypta-pattern and they probably are not congeneric. Additionally, the five species described here seem to confirm New Caledonia as the diversity and radiation centre.
Biology. The species treated here are litter dweller in humid forests.
Remarks. According to recent molecular studies (Maddison et al. 2008, Maddison 2015, Rogmocrypta belongs to Viciriini tribe within the Australasian Astioida clade and is closely related to other New Caledonian genera such as Trite Simon, 1885, 1 The diagnosis is handicapped by the lack of males for most species <?> The diagnosis is handicapped by the lack of males for most species Penionomus Simon, 1903 andLystrocteissa Simon, 1884. However, the analysis of male genitalia here and in Maddison et al (2008: fig. 3) raises some doubts about congeneric status of R. elegans (we dealt with the type) and cf. Rogmocrypta sp. in Maddison et al. (2008): both show important differences in embolus structure and tegular lobe, which is missing in R. elegans. To clarify the relationships of Rogmocrypta it is necessary to perform molecular tests for all species ever listed in the genus. At this stage any reference to other New Caledonian genera as possible relatives can only be provisional.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 44).
Remark. This is the only known and illustrated species of Rogmocrypta (Prószyński 1984), and it is used here for comparative purposes.  (Figs 10-11). Copulatory openings closer to each other than in R. elegans (Fig. 15). Spermathecae horizontal (Figs 14-15).

Diagnosis.
In comparison to previous species copulatory openings closer to each other and located just in front of spermathecae.

Diagnosis. Abdomen with white dorsal and ventral spots
Description. Female holotype. Cephalothorax brown, with darker cephalic part, covered by sparse whitish scales. Foveal depression well marked (Fig. 28). Abdomen ovoid, grey brown with lighter pattern as in Fig. 31, covered with sparse brown hairs. Anterior spinnerets light brown, posterior ones whitish. Palps brown. Legs I brown, others lighter. Chelicerae brown, retromarginal tooth 5-cuspidate (Fig. 33). Labium and endites light brown, with lighter chewing margins. Sternum brown. Venter with white and greyish brown pattern (Fig. 30). Epigyne with copulatory openings well separated from each other and from spermathecae, the last in diagonal position, C-shaped (Figs 34-36 Diagnosis. Copulatory openings close to spermathecae, oriented posteriorly and joined, forming kind of transverse ridge (Figs 42-43).