Corresponding author: Xiang-Sheng Chen (
Academic editor: Mike Wilson
The cixiid planthoppers genus
Zhi Y, Yang L, Zhang P, Chen X-S (2017) Taxonomic study of the genus
Herein, two new species of
The morphological terminology and measurements follow
The type specimens and other specimens examined are deposited in the
Head slightly narrower than pronotum in dorsal view. Vertex slightly widened to posterior emargination, broader than long and without subapical carina, lateral carinae moderately elevated. Frons with median carina; frontoclypeal suture generally angled or semicircular. Clypeus with well-developed median carina. Rostrum distinctly surpassing hind coxae. Pronotum short with intermediate carinae curved along posterior margins of eyes. Mesonotum tricarinate. Forewing in resting position steeply tectiform, widened towards apex, with rounded apical margin; Sc+R forming a common stem and M emerging separately from basal cell; MA trifid apically; position of fork Sc+R slightly basad or at the same level as fork CuA1+CuA2; first crossvein MP-CuA1 at least as long as MP from M fork to this crossvein, crossvein MP-CuA1 almost at same level as crossvein r-m, subapical cell MP with upper margin (vein MP) fine concave, no crossvein between CuA1 and CuA2. Apical cells 10. Hind tibia lacking lateral spines.
Male genitalia. Pygofer symmetrical and prolonged with symmetrical lateral lobes in lateral view. Medioventral process thumb-like in lateral view. Anal segment tubular, short and stout. Genital styles relative small and symmetrical. Aedeagus slender and flagellum of aedeagus with spinose processes.
Female genitalia. Ovipositor elongate, orthopteroid and slightly curved upwards; anal segment square or rectangular in dorsal view; 9th tergite without wax plate. Gonapophysis VIII slightly sclerotised, blade-like posteriorly. Gonapophysis IX single, blunt and strongly sclerotised, between middle tooth and apex with a row of denticles. Gonoplac slightly sclerotised, with many spinules on ventral edge in inner lateral view. Posterior vagina with sclerites.
This genus may be easily distinguished from other genera of
China, Japan, Australia.
1 | Ventral margin of periandrium without spinose process |
|
– | Ventral margin of periandrium with one or two spinose process(es) |
|
2 | Dorsal margin of periandrium with one process; flagellum with two processes near apex and without process at base ( |
|
– | Dorsal margin of periandrium without process; flagellum with one process near apex and a long process near base (Figs |
|
3 | Ventral margin of periandrium with one small triangular process at basal 1/3 |
|
– | Ventral margin of periandrium without triangular process at base, while with one or two process(es) near or at apex |
|
4 | Left side of periandrium with a process near apex, dorsal margin with a shovel-shaped process, right side without process in the middle, base of process near apex of flagellum with two denticulations ( |
|
– | Left side of periandrium without process, dorsal margin without process, right side with a short acute process in the middle, base of process near apex of flagellum without denticulation (Figs |
|
5 | Flagellum with a prominent long process in the middle ( |
|
– | Flagellum without process in the middle |
|
6 | Dorsal margin of periandrium with a hook-shaped process, ventral margin of periandrium with one process, flagellum with smooth apical margin ( |
|
– | Dorsal margin of periandrium without process, ventral margin of periandrium with two processes, flagellum with sinuate apical margin ( |
|
1 | Posterior vagina without long longitudinal sclerite (Figs |
|
– | Posterior vagina with a long longitudinal sclerite |
|
2 | Long longitudinal sclerite on right side ventrally (Figs |
|
– | Long longitudinal sclerite on left side ventrally |
|
3 | Posterior vagina elongate, left side with two longitudinal sclerites; each side with a small sclerite near terminal in ventral view (Figs |
|
– | Posterior vagina relatively short, left side with one longitudinal sclerite; posterior vagina with a wide sclerite medially and a small longitudinal sclerite on the left side near terminal in ventral view (Figs |
|
Holotype: ♂,
Body length: male 4.8–5.0 mm (
China (Yunnan).
The specific name is derived from the Latin word “
Male genitalia of
Female genitalia of
1♂,
China (Guizhou).
Diagnosis of female see
The female genitalia of this species is described and illustrated for the first time.
1♂,
China (Guizhou, Hubei).
Female of
The female genitalia of this species is described and illustrated for the first time.
China (Taiwan).
Japan (Ryukyus).
Based on the description and the figures by
Holotype: ♂,
Body length: male 5.8–6.3 mm (
China (Yunnan).
The specific name is derived from the Latin word “
Male genitalia of
Female genitalia of
Australia (Queensland).
Based on the description and the figures by
The taxonomic characters of cixiid male genitalia have been sufficiently studied, whereas the descriptions of cixiid female genitalia are quite rare. Although some characters of the female external genitalia like ovipositor, anal segment, anal style and wax plate have been described by several researchers in history, such as:
Tsaur and Hsu described and illustrated the female pygofer and the anal segment of
The authors are grateful to collectors for collecting specimens. We also wish to thank Prof. Mike Wilson (National Museum Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom) for his very kind editorial help with this paper and two anonymous referees for their efforts in improving this paper. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31472033), the Program of Excellent Innovation Talents, Guizhou Province (No. 20154021) and the Program of Science and Technology Innovation Talents Team, Guizhou Province (No. 20144001).