Corresponding author: Laurence A. Mound (
Academic editor: P. Stoev
An illustrated identification key is provided to 17 species of
Mound LA, Matsunaga JN (2017) The species of
The Tribe
The members of the
1 | Maxillary stylets restricted to mouth cone, not retracted anterior to dorsal posterior margin of head (Fig. |
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– | Maxillary stylets retracted into head, usually with an obvious maxillary bridge (Figs |
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2 | Antennal segment III with 3 sense cones |
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– | Antennal segment III with 1 or 2 sense cones |
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3 | Fore femora with prominent tubercle on inner margin at base (Fig. |
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– | Fore femora without tubercle on inner margin at base; mouth cone long and pointed, extending across prosternal basantra (Fig. |
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4 | Pronotum with extensive and prominent sculpture lines (Fig. |
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– | Pronotum with few and weak sculpture lines (Fig. |
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5 | Fore tibia inner margin with sub-apical tubercle and small setal-bearing tubercle (Fig. |
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– | Fore tibia with no tubercle at inner apical margin; prosternal basantra usually wider than long (Fig. |
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6 | Antennal segment III sharply expanded into sub-basal ring distal to pedicel (Fig. |
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– | Antennal segment III tapering to base without a prominent ring (Figs |
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7 | Antennal segment III with only one sense cone | 8 |
– | Antennal segment III with two sense cones |
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8 | Wings reduced, either apterous or micropterous [fore tarsus without prominent tooth] |
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– | Wings fully developed and with duplicated cilia on distal hind margin (Fig. |
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9 | Apterous, ocelli absent; tergal wing-retaining setae small and straight; antennal segment IV with two sense cones; pronotal major setae pointed |
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– | Micropterous, ocelli present; tergal wing-retaining setae long and sigmoid; antennal segment IV with three sense cones; pronotal setae capitate |
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10 | Postocular setae capitate; antennal segment IV as yellow as III |
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– | Postocular setae acute; antennal segment IV brown in contrast to III |
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11 | Fore wings broad, constricted medially but without duplicated cilia distally on posterior margin (Fig. |
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– | Fore wings present or absent, if present then with several duplicated cilia present distally on posterior margin (Fig. |
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12 | Body sharply bicoloured, head, thorax and abdominal segments IX–X brown, VIII variably shaded, tergites I–VII and all tibiae yellow (Fig. |
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– | Body largely brown |
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13 | Setae S1 on tergite IX with apices capitate; fore tarsus with prominent recurved tooth (Fig. |
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– | Setae S1 on tergite IX acute; fore tarsal tooth absent in females |
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14 | Antennal segment IV with two sense cones |
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– | Antennal segment IV with three or four sense cones |
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15 | Tergite IX setae shorter than tube; pronotal anteromarginal setae no longer than discal setae (Fig. |
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– | Tergite IX setae longer than tube (Fig. |
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16 | Antennal segment IV with three sense cones; legs yellow |
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– | Antennal segment IV with four sense cones; legs mainly brown |
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17 | Antennal segments III–V mainly yellow; postocular setae extending well beyond posterior margin of eye; tergite IX setae S1 acute and as long as the tube |
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– | Antennal segments IV–V brown, III yellowish brown; postocular setae short, rarely extending to posterior margin of eye (Fig. |
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Haplothripine species from Hawaii.
Described originally from Australia, with the synonym
Described from India, this species has been reported from warmer parts of the Americas living in the leaf galls of
Described in the genus
Species of the genus
Haplothripine species from Hawaii.
Although described from India, this species has been found widely across the Pacific, including Japan, Taiwan, Guam, New Caledonia, and French Polynesia (
The single female from which
Widely found in tropical countries around the world, this species is usually recognisable by the pale yellow colour of antennal segments III–VI that are in sharp contrast to the dark brown of the rest of the body. However, on the Hawaiian Islands there is a second species,
Described originally from Texas, and the synonymic species
Described from Russia and widespread in Central Europe across Asia, this species is also introduced to North America and New Zealand (
This species, under the name
Haplothripine species from Hawaii, antennal segments II–VIII.
Described from three female and three male micropterae collected on Hawaii in the vicinity of Volcano, a single male of this species was taken in July 2016 on the lower slopes of Haleakala, Maui. In general appearance if is similar to
This new synonymy is based on a comparison of a paralectotype of
This species apparently remains known only from the original series of eight females taken at the western end of Hawaii in 1929. The original description was rather superficial, but the holotype and one paratype have now been re-examined. Based on these specimens,
This is one of the most commonly collected
There is a slide of this species in the USNM collection, Beltsville, taken in quarantine from Hawaii at San Pedro, California in March, 1969, and this is possibly the basis for
Although not taken as frequently as
Described from Java, with one synonym from Hawaii and another from Thailand, this species is widespread in tropical Asia from India to northern Australia (
Described in
This study was made possible only through the cooperation of the following curators of museum collections who kindly provided specimens and information: Andrea Hastenpflug-Vesmanis, Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt; Cheryle O’Donnell, APHIS, USDA, Beltsville; Jim Boone, Bishop Museum, Honolulu; Dick Tsuda, University of Hawaii, Honolulu; Robert Zuparko, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. Laurence Mound is particularly grateful to Karl Magnacca who generously provided his outstanding field expertise during a visit to Hawaii and Oahu.