Type material of Platyhelminthes housed in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute/ FIOCRUZ (CHIOC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1979 to 2016 (Rhabditophora, Trematoda and Cestoda)

Abstract The second part of the catalogue of type material deposited in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute/ FIOCRUZ (CHIOC), between 1979 and 2016, is presented, to complement the first list of all types that was published in 1979. This part includes Platyhelminthes other than monogenoids, which were covered in the first part published in September 2016. The present catalogue comprises type material for 104 species, distributed across three classes, 40 families and 75 genera. Species names are listed systematically, followed by type host, infection site, type locality and specimens with their collection numbers and references. The classification and the nomenclature of the species have been updated.


Introduction
The century-old Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute/ FIOCRUZ (CHIOC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, contains helminths that form part of the fauna of Brazil and other countries, from a wide range of hosts that were caught in different biomes. The samples are holotypes, paratypes and representative specimens of Platyhelminthes, Acanthocephala, Nematoda and other non-helminth phyla. Today, the CHIOC holds around 38.400 samples of helminth parasites from South America and other continents. It is the biggest collection in Latin America and it is among the largest collections at a worldwide reference level (Rego 1982). Details about the history and composition of CHIOC were presented in Lopes et al. (2016).
The first catalogue of all type material held in the CHIOC recorded 719 types of helminths (only holotypes or type series): 408 of nematodes, 216 of digenetic trematodes, 11 of monogenoids, 52 of acanthocephalans, 28 of cestodes and four of pentastomids (Rego et al. 1979). Since publication of the first catalogue, the collection has grown substantially and the number of types has increased significantly as well. Recently, Lopes et al. (2016) published another catalogue listing 203 type species of Monogenoidea. The present catalogue is the second list of type species held in this collection, and it includes platyhelminths of the classes Rhabditophora, Trematoda and Cestoda that have been deposited in CHIOC since 1979. The purpose of this article is to inform the scientific community about the types deposited in CHIOC, up to 1 December 2016. In our presentation, we have followed the articles of the Code (ICZN 1999).

Materials and methods
The specimens are stored in glass or plastic vials in 70% ethanol or as microscope slide preparations. All the material is available for consultation, but holotypes are not loaned. Unless otherwise stated, all type material is in good condition.
The catalogue is arranged taxonomically as classes, subclasses, orders, families, genera and species, under the original spelling and combinations. Classes and subclasses are arranged following phylogenetic order. Orders, families, genera and species are arranged alphabetically. The information on each entry is presented in the following format:

Results and discussion
This database and bibliographic survey presents the diversity of Rhabditophora, Trematoda (subclasses Aspidogastrea and Digenea) and Cestoda types in CHIOC, from Brazil and other countries in the world, covering more than 35 years of parasitological studies. We have now added 39 primary types of Rhabditophora, represented by eight species within one family (Temnocephalidae) and genus (Temnocephala); approximately 270 primary types of Trematoda, represented by 52 species distributed across 29 families and 46 genera; and approximately 130 primary types of Cestoda, represented by 44 species distributed across ten families and 28 genera. Among the trematodes, Rugogastridae was the only family of Aspidogastrea catalogued, while seven families of Digenea (Cryptogonimidae, Gorgoderidae, Haploporidae, Lecithasteridae, Lepocreadiidae, Monorchiidae and Opecoelidae) were the most representative, with three species each. Among the cestodes, Monticelliidae was the most representative family, with 21 species, followed by Proteocephalidae, with 13 species.
One hundred and four parasites of 70 species of vertebrate hosts and eight species of invertebrate hosts were catalogued. Most of the trematode and cestode type species recorded (84%) were parasites of bony fishes, as were the Monogenoidea (Lopes et al. 2016). Pimelodidae was the host family that presented the greatest diversity of parasites, with 23 species. Only five cestode species were parasites of cartilaginous fishes (Narcinidae, Potamotrygonidae, Triakidae and Urolophidae). The Tetrapoda hosts were frogs, birds, mammals and reptiles. One cestode species was a parasite of toads (Bufonidae) and one digenetic trematode species was a parasite of birds (Scolopacidae). Among the helminth parasites of mammals, one digenetic trematode species was a parasite of bats (Phyllostomidae), and one cestode and four digenetic trematodes species were parasites of rats (Cricetidae) and mice (Muridae). Among the helminth parasites of reptiles, five digenetic trematode species were parasites of alligators (Alligatoridae), two digenetic trematode species were parasites of lizards (Gekkonidae), two cestodes and one digenetic trematode species were parasites of snakes (Colubridae and Tropidophiidae), and one digenetic trematode species was a parasite of turtles (Podocnemididae). All temnocephalids were parasites of invertebrates: one species was a parasite of gastropods (Neritidae), one species was a parasite of caddisflies (Odontoceridae), one species was a parasite of stoneflies (Perlidae), two species were parasites of bugs (Belostomatidae and Naucoridae) and three species were parasites of freshwater crustaceans (Aeglidae and Trichodactylidae). Most of the species was collected in Brazil (90%), from all regions of this country except the northeast. Other samples were collected from Central America (Costa Rica) and South America (Bolivia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Uruguay). Reference. Amato and Amato (2005). Reference. Santos and Gibson (1998 Reference. Kohn and Fernandes (1994). Remarks. There is no paratype CHIOC 36634 "h" as informed in the original description.

Acanthobothrium minusculus Marques, Brooks & Barriga, 1997
Type host. Urobatis tumbesensis (Chirichigno & McEachran, 1979)  Remarks. CHIOC number was not cited in the original description, but the slide deposited by the authors is labeled as a paratype. Holotype deposited in the MEPN collection. Other paratypes deposited in HWML and MHNG.

Chambriella paranaensis
References. Pavanelli and Rego (1989), Rego et al. (1999). Remarks. CHIOC 32180 was indicated as a paratype in the cataloguing data of CHIOC, but not in the original description. After reviewing the information and slides of J. glandicephalus, we concluded that the specimen is a paratype.

Nomimoscolex lopesi
References. Rego (1992), de Chambrier et al. (2006). Remarks. The slides CHIOC 32558 b-d and 32559 a-b are labeled as paratypes, but the authors did not refer to them in the original description.
References. Rego and de Chambier (1995), Rego and Ivanov (2001).  Pavanelli and Takemoto (1996). Reference. Pavanelli and Rego (1989). Remarks. CHIOC 32183 was indicated as a paratype in the cataloguing data of CHIOC, but not in the original description. After reviewing the information and slides of M. brooksi, we concluded that the specimen is a paratype. Collection numbers are referred to as "29183" and "29184" in the original description due to a mistake. Megathylacus brooksi is considered conspecific with M. jandia Woodland, 1934by de Chambrier et al. (2014, but is considered a valid name in the Global Cestode Database (2016).
References. Rego and Pavanelli (1985) Rego and Pavanelli (1990) and renamed by Rego and Pavanelli (1991) because the original name had already been used.

Remarks.
Other paratypes deposited in the collection of the Department of Zoology, University of Concepción, Chile. Species originally described as Progrillotia dollfusi by Carvajal and Rego (1983).