﻿Description of a new species of Parens Fibiger, 2011 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Hypenodinae) from Korea

﻿Abstract The genus Parens comprises small moths, with a wingspan of 9–13 mm, belonging to the family Erebidae. Until now, only four species have been described worldwide. In Korea, only one species, P.occi (Fibiger & Kononenko, 2008) has been known to date. In this study, a new species from Korea, P.fibigerina Lee & Byun, sp. nov., is described. As a result, two Parens species are now known from Korea. Figures of adults, male and female genitalia, and a key to the species of Parens in Korea are provided.


Introduction
The genus Parens Fibiger, 2011 belongs to the tribe Micronoctuini, subfamily Hypenodinae of the family Erebidae.Early authors considered Parens as a member of the family Micronoctuidae based the simple male genitalia without a uncus and the two-veined hindwing (Kononenko and Han 2007;Fibiger and Kononenko 2008;Fibiger et al. 2011;Fibiger 2011).More recently, Zahiri et al. (2012) proposed a new taxonomy of the Erebidae based on molecular phylogenetics.The family Micronoctuidae was downgraded to a tribe within the subfamily Hypenodinae, with its subfamilies given the rank of subtribes.This genus was established by Fibiger (2011) with Parens paraocci Fibiger, 2011 as the type species.Parens is a relatively small genus with only four recognized species worldwide.In Korea, only one species, P. occi (Fibiger & Kononenko, 2008) is known, which was first reported by Kononenko and Han (2007) as Micronoctua sp.In the present study, a new species, P. fibigerina Lee & Byun, sp.nov., is described from Korea.

Terminology
We follow the general terminology proposed by Fibiger (2011)

Collection and preparation of specimens
The specimens were mainly collected using a bucket light trap with a 20 W blacklight lamp and a LepiLED, standard model (WIF, Dr Gunnar Brehm, Sonnenblumenweg, Germany) and a 200 V / 400 W mercury-vapor lamp (220 V / 400 W).
All specimens were photographed before the dissection of their genitalia.Images of the adults were taken using a Canon EOS 600D digital camera (Canon Inc., Ota, Tokyo, Japan).Male and female genitalia were dissected and mounted in Euparal solution, following the procedure described in Holloway et al. (1987).The genitalia slides were photographed using a digital camera attached to a Leica M205C microscope (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany) and refined with Photoshop CS5 (Adobe Systems Inc., San Jose, CA, USA).
Most specimens examined in this study were deposited in the Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Hannam University, Daejeon, Korea (HNSUEL).Additional specimens examined are from the Korea National Insect Collection, Korea National Arboretum, Korea (KNA).Abbreviations for localities in Korea are as follows: GG (Gyeonggi-do), GW (Gangwon-do), CB (Chungcheongbuk-do), DJ (Daejeon), GB (Gyeongsangbuk-do), GN (Gyeongsangnam-do), JN (Jeollanam-do), and JJ (Jeju-do).Other abbreviations are TL (type locality) and TD (type depository).Diagnosis.This species is distinguished from P. occi by the shape of the signum in the corpus bursae.In P. occi, the cross-shaped signum in the corpus bursae, while P. fibigerina has a triangular signum.Additionally, the P. fibigerina has the forewing with a more rounded apex, a whitish-beige ground color, and a terminal margin covered with more blackish scales.The hindwing is grayish with mixed black scales.Also, the new species is distinguished from P. chekiangi Fibiger, 1911 by characters of the 8 th abdominal segment and  the shape of the signum.The new species has the 8 th abdominal segment is 2/3 length of the posterior apophyses and is well sclerotized.The antrum is strongly sclerotized.The new species has a triangular signum in the corpus bursae, while in P. chekiangi has a cross-shaped signum.

Systematic accounts
Description.Adult (Fig. 1A).Wingspan 11 mm.Head bend down, black; antenna filiform, black; frons rounded; labial palps porrect.Thorax and abdomen with sparse scales, beige; A8-10 dark brown.Forewing ground color whitish beige, with black line from base to costal margin; base with half-round, blackish patch; apex rounded and with four yellowish blotches; antemedial and postmedial lines parallel, wavy, dark brown; spot reniform with whitish inner area and light brown outline.Hindwing ground color grayish brown, mixed black, and outline slightly curved to inner side with many cilia.
Male genitalia.Unknown.Female genitalia (Fig. 2A, B).Papillae anales normal shape, rounded apex, with many short hairs, and well sclerotized.Posterior apophyses length equal to papillae anales ; anterior apophyses extremely short.Ostium bursae placed in the median of abdomen.Antrum short, strongly sclerotized.Ductus bursae long, almost straight, narrow, membranous, and dilated at junction to corpus bursae (ca twice as broad as main tube).Corpus bursae globular and membranous, with triangular signum positioned slightly to left.Signum strongly sclerotized at base; upper side rather weakly sclerotized.
Etymology.This new species is dedicated to the memory of Michael Fibiger, a Danish entomologist, who was a renowned researcher of the tribe Micronoctuini.Description.Adult (Fig. 1B).Wingspan 10-12 mm.See Lee and Byun (2022).
Remarks.This species was reported first time from Korea by Kononenko and Han (2007).