2 urn:lsid:arphahub.com:pub:45048D35-BB1D-5CE8-9668-537E44BD4C7E urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:91BD42D4-90F1-4B45-9350-EEF175B1727A ZooKeys ZK 1313-2989 1313-2970 Pensoft Publishers 10.3897/zookeys.1184.113292 113292 Research Article Animalia Arthropoda Chalcidoidea Encyrtidae Hexapoda Hymenoptera Insecta Invertebrata Systematics Taxonomy Cenozoic Neogene Asia Central Asia China Description of three new species and new distributional data for three species of Homalotylus (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) from China Zu Guohao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9892-2171 1 2 Xue Hao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4058-1298 2 Wang Haiyang https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5665-2111 2 Zhen Wenquan zhenwq@bbgu.edu.cn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-2775 3 Huang Dawei huangdw@ioz.ac.cn 1 College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China Nankai University Tianjin China College of Horticulture and Landscape, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China Tianjin Agricultural University Tianjin China Ocean College, Tangshan Normal University, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China Tangshan Normal University Hebei China

Corresponding author: Wenquan Zhen (112670423@qq.com); Dawei Huang (huangdw@ioz.ac.cn)

Academic editor: F. J. Peris Felipo

 2023 21 11 2023 1184 273 289 3C125146-CB56-5E8C-AB62-C06974292FA0 8D9A5A7A-A946-4EB8-9566-DDFA83DC63C8 10405467 26 09 2023 25 10 2023 Guohao Zu, Hao Xue, Haiyang Wang, Wenquan Zhen, Dawei Huang This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. http://zoobank.org/8D9A5A7A-A946-4EB8-9566-DDFA83DC63C8

Homalotylus tianjinensis Zu, sp. nov., H. bicolor Zu, sp. nov. and H. guangxiensis Zu, sp. nov. are described as new to science; H. agarwali Anis & Hayat, 1998, H. hemipterinus (De Stefani, 1898) and H. varicolorus Krishnachaitanya & Manickavasagam, 2016 are newly recorded from China. A key to Chinese species based on females is also presented.

 Chalcidoidea Echthroplexiellini Encyrtinae identification key new species taxonomy Tianjin Science and Technology Program 501100019065 http://doi.org/10.13039/501100019065 Citation

Zu G, Xue H, Wang H, Zhen W, Huang D (2023) Description of three new species and new distributional data for three species of Homalotylus (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) from China. ZooKeys 1184: 273–289. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1184.113292

 Introduction

Homalotylus is a well-known genus of Encyrtidae, which was established by Mayr (1876) based on the type species Encyrtus flaminius Dalman. Depending on the classification, this genus is placed either in the tribe Homalotylini, subtribe Homalotylina (Trjapitzin 1989) or the tribe Echthroplexiellini, subtribe Homalotylina (Noyes 2010). The species in this genus are solitary or gregarious larval parasitoids, emerging from the prepupal stage of coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and feeding on sternorrhyncha hemipterans (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea, Coccoidea, Psylloidea). Records of scale insects as hosts are incorrect and those of other hosts, e.g. Chrysomelidae, Bruchidae or Gelechiidae are also probably erroneous (Noyes 2010). The genus contains 66 valid species (Noyes 2019) and nine species from China (Xu and He 1997; Tan and Zhao 1997).

Contributions to the taxonomy of this genus have been made by several authors, such as Trjapitzin (1989) from the Palaearctic, Anis and Hayat (1998) and Krishnachaitanya et al. (2016) from India, Trjapitzin and Ruíz Cancino (1998) from the New World and Xu and He (1997) from China. In this paper, we describe three new species and three new Chinese records of Homalotylus from Tianjin and Guangxi, China, and provide a key to the females of the Chinese species.

 Materials and methods

All the specimens in the present study were collected from the campuses of Tianjin Agricultural University and Beibu Gulf University by malaise traps, then dissected and mounted in Canada Balsam on slides following the method described by Noyes (1982). Morphological terminology and abbreviations follow those of Noyes (2010) with some modifications. Photographs were taken with a digital CCD camera attached to an Olympus BX51 compound microscope. Body lengths were measured using a Leica M205A stereomicroscope; other measurements are relative and taken from micrometer divisions using the eye piece of a stereozoom microscope for carded specimens and the eye piece of a compound microscope for slide-mounted parts, and then transformed into absolute lengths. The holotype of the new species is deposited in the insect collections of Tianjin Agricultural University, China.

The following abbreviations are used in the text:

F1–6 funicle segments 1–6

AOL minimum distance between a posterior ocellus and anterior ocellus

EL maximum diameter of eye

FV minimum width of the frontovertex

HH length of head in facial view, excluding mouth parts

HW head width measured in facial view

MS malar space or minimum distance between eye and mouth margin

OCL minimum distance between a posterior ocellus and occipital margin

OD longest diameter of an ocellus

OOL minimum distance between a posterior ocellus and eye margin

POL minimum distance between posterior ocelli

FWL maximum length of fore wing excluding marginal fringe

FWW maximum width of fore wing excluding marginal fringe

MV marginal vein

PMV postmarginal vein

SMV submarginal vein

SV stigmal vein

HWL length of hind wing excluding marginal fringe

HWW width of hind wing, measured at widest point, excluding marginal fringe

MT length of mid tibia

GL length of gonostylus

LTL last tergite length

LTW last tergite width

OL length of ovipositor

EDAU Entomology Department, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India

HACO Hayat Collection, Aligarh, India

USNM National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA

ZAMUZoological Museum, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 Results Key to Chinese species of <italic><tp:taxon-name><tp:taxon-name-part taxon-name-part-type="genus" reg="Homalotylus">Homalotylus</tp:taxon-name-part></tp:taxon-name></italic> (females)
1 Ovipositor distinctly exserted, the exserted part at least 0.2× as long as gaster 2
– Ovipositor not or slightly exserted 11
2 Funicle completely dark brown, sometimes F6 mixed with white 3
– Funicle at least always with F6 completely white 5
3 F6 completely dark brown H. zhaoi
– F6 brown mixed with white 4
4 Frontovetex 0.25× as wide as head width; fore wing 3.30× as long as width H. himalayensis
– Frontovetex 0.17× as wide as head width; fore wing 2.78× as long as widt H. tianjinensis sp. nov.
5 F4–F5 always completely white 6
– F4–F5 at least partially white 8
6 F3 white H. agarwali
– F3 dark brown 7
7 Axillae and scutellum pale orange yellow H. mundus
– Axillae dark brown, scutellum mostly dark brown, but yellowish brown apically H. trisubalbus
8 F4 dark brown, F5 at least partially white 9
– F4 dark brown with apical half white, F5 white 10
9 Frontovetex 0.19× as wide as head width; mid tibia spur as long as mid basitarsus H. longicaudus
– Frontovetex 0.25× as wide as head width; mid tibia spur longer than mid basitarsus H. varicolorus
10 Scape 6× as long as wide; clava unsegmented white H. scutellaris
– Scape 8.42× as long as wide; clava 3-segmented H. bicolor sp. nov.
11 F4 white; mid tarsus 1–4 white, with basal half of mid basitarsus brown H. guangxiensis sp. nov.
– F4 dark brown or brown; mid tarsus 1–4 white 12
12 F5 and F6 white H. yunnanensis
– F5 dark brown, F6 dark brown or partially white, rarely completely white 13
13 Mid tibia spur longer than mid basitarsus H. sinensis
– Mid tibia spur shorter than or equal to mid basitarsus 14
14 Mid tibia spur about 8–10× as long as broad; hind tarsus dark brown H. flaminius
– Mid tibia spur only about 7× as long as broad; hind tarsus mostly white H. hemipterinus
Animalia Hymenoptera Encyrtidae C29EAB3B-4CAA-51D6-8923-2BEF9189AC70 Homalotylus bicolor https://zoobank.org/80414BF3-89A7-4C8B-A62A-319E45842713 Zu sp. nov. Figs 1–6 , 7–12 Type materials.

Holotype. ♀ [on slide], China, Guangxi Province, Qinzhou City, Beibu Gulf University, 21°53'53"N, 108°36'56"E, c. 24 m, 06–26.X.2019, Wen-Quan Zhen, Malaise trapping. Paratypes. ♀♂ [on slides], China, Guangxi Province, Qinzhou City, Beibu Gulf University, 21°53'53"N, 108°36'56"E, c. 24 m, 06–13.X.2019, Wen-Quan Zhen, Malaise trapping.

 Description.

Female. Holotype. Length, 2.20 mm (excluding ovipositor). Head generally orange yellow, with genae, frontovertex and occiput dark brown. Antennae dark brown, F4 mostly white with lower margin brown, F5, F6 and clava white. Mesosoma dark brown with shallow metallic green sheen, scutellum mostly orange yellow, only with a brown area at base; legs dark brown, except for apical 3/5 of mid tibia, mid tibial spur, mid and hind tarsus 1–4 white. Metasoma dark brown.

Head (Fig. 1) with numerous conspicuous setae on frontovertex, each about as long as diameter of posterior ocellus. Head in front view 1.16× higher than wide. Frontovertex 0.22× head width. Ocelli forming an angle of 33°, posterior ocelli close to eye margin, distance to occipital margin 1.50× the diameter of anterior ocellus. Malar space 0.18× eye height. Antennal torulus with its dorsal margin slightly below lower eye margin and very close to oral margin, and the distance of antennal torulus by 1.95× its own height. Antennal (Fig. 2) scape slender, 8.42× as long as wide; pedicel 2.5× as long as wide, 1.5× as long as F1; all funicle segments longer than wide, F1 1.57× as long as wide, F6 1.11× as long as wide; funicle with linear sensilla on all segments; clava 3-segmented, 3.40× as long as wide, and as long as F4–F6 combined, apex strongly obliquely truncate, truncate part approach to the base of the clava. Measurements (μm): HH, 580; HW, 500; FV, 108; EL, 490; MS, 88; OD, 38; POL, 38; OCL, 58; AOL, 78; length and (width)—radicle, 105; scape, 400 (48); pedicel, 125 (50); F1, 83 (53); F2, 70 (55); F3, 75 (58); F4, 73 (60); F5, 70 (63); F6, 70 (63); clava, 213 (63).

Mesosoma (Fig. 3) with sculpture on dorsum similar to that on frontovertex but that on mesoscutum a little shallower; notaular lines conspicuous but not quite meeting at middle of posterior margin of mesoscutum. Mesoscutum 0.72× as long as wide; scutellum 0.94× as long as wide. Fore wing (Fig. 4) 2.65× as long as wide; linea calva interrupted by 4 lines of setae and closed by 5 lines of setae posteriorly; marginal vein 0.44× as long as stigmal vein, and about half the length of postmarginal vein. Hind wing (Fig. 5) 3.73× as long as wide. Length of mid tibial spur (Fig. 6) 0.48× of mid tibia and longer than mid basitarsus. Measurements (μm): FWL, 1325; FWW, 500; SMV, 600; MV, 50; PMV, 100; SV, 113; HWL, 970; HWW, 260; MT, 810; mid tibial spur, 390; mid basitarsus, 360.

Ovipositor (Fig. 3) 1.26× as long as mid tibia, distinctly exserted. Measurements (μm): OL, 1020.

Male. Length, 1.67 mm. Color is similar to female, except for F4 completely brown.

Head (Fig. 7) in front view 1.11× higher than wide. Frontovertex 0.23× head width, ocelli forming an angle of about 35°. Malar space 0.17× eye height. Antennal torulus with its dorsal margin slightly below lower eye margin and very close to oral margin. Antennal (Fig. 8) scape slender, about 5.9× as long as wide; pedicel 2.18× as long as wide, 1.40× as long as F1; all funicle segments longer than wide; clava unsegmented, 3.72× as long as wide.

Mesoscutum (Fig. 9) 0.58× as long as width; scutellum 0.9× as long as width. Fore wing (Fig. 10) 2.65× as long as width. Hind wing (Fig. 11) 3.86× as long as width. Length of mid tibial spur (Fig. 12) about 0.44× of mid tibia and longer than mid basitarsus.

10.3897/zookeys.1184.113292.figures1-6 A56A0F06-E32D-5991-965F-F9D7A7D81F12

Homalotylus bicolor Zu, sp. nov., holotype female 1 head 2 antenna 3 mesosoma and metasoma 4 fore wing 5 hind wing 6 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940365

Aedeagus (Fig. 9) about 1.34× as long as mid tibia.

 Host.

Unknown.

 Etymology.

The specific name refers to its coloration of mesosoma.

 Diagnosis.

The new species may be distinguished from H. scutellaris Tan & Zhao, 1997 and H. mundus Gahan, 1920, by the following characters: scape 8.42× as long as wide (6× in H. scutellaris), clava 3-segmented (unsegmented in H. scutellaris), metanotum and propodeum dark brown (yellow brown in H. scutellaris); F4 mostly white, mixed with brown on lower margin (completely white in H. mundus), axillae brown (pale orange yellow in H. mundus), pedicel 2.5× as long as wide (nearly 3× in H. mundus).

10.3897/zookeys.1184.113292.figures7-12 46CBDE20-89B3-5303-8CEC-04DFACD40E6B

Homalotylus bicolor Zu, sp. nov., paratype male 7 head 8 antenna 9 mesosoma and metasoma 10 fore wing 11 hind wing 12 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940366 Animalia Hymenoptera Encyrtidae 905DE03F-D65C-5E00-A4A4-2E55F747B79D Homalotylus guangxiensis https://zoobank.org/7E6B1AC5-27FA-4C9A-93C5-366FF6480BE0 Zu sp. nov. Figs 13–18 Type materials.

Holotype. ♀ [on slide], China, Guangxi Province, Qinzhou City, Beibu Gulf University, 21°53'53"N, 108°36'56"E, c. 24 m, 2–11.V.2019, Wen-Quan Zhen, Malaise trapping. Paratypes. 3♀ [on slides], China, Guangxi Province, Qinzhou City, Beibu Gulf University, 21°53'53"N, 108°36'56"E, c. 24 m, 14–31.XII.2019, 1–13.I.2020, Wen-Quan Zhen, Malaise trapping.

 Description.

Female. Holotype. Length, 2.11 mm (excluding ovipositor). Head black, with metallic green luster; antennae dark brown, F3 paler apically, F4, F6 and clava white. Mesosoma dark brown with metallic sheen; basal half of tegula white, apical half dark brown; wings mostly hyaline but fore wing weakly infuscate at base and with a distinct, broad brown fascia across wing extending from parastigma, marginal and stigmal veins, setae distad of this uniform in color; legs dark brown, except for apical 1/2 of mid basitarsus and mid tarsus 2–4 white. Metasoma black brown.

Head (Fig. 13) with sparse setae on frontovertex, each about as long as diameter of posterior ocellus. Head in front view 1.13× higher than wide. Frontovertex 0.2× head width, with distinctly reticulate sculpture. Ocelli forming an angle of about 40°; posterior ocelli very close to eye margin, to occipital margin about 2× as long as the diameter of anterior ocellus. Malar space 0.23× eye height. Antennal torulus with its dorsal margins slightly below lower eye margins, and the distance of antennal torulus by about 1.69× its own height. Antennal (Fig. 14) scape slender, 7.11× as long as wide; pedicel 2.05× as long as wide, 1.63× as long as F1; F1 1.33× as long as wide, F6 slightly wider than long; funicle with linear sensilla on all segments; clava 3-segmented, 2.60× as long as wide, and longer than F4–F6 combined, apex strongly obliquely truncate, truncate part nearly two thirds of the clava. Measurements (μm): HH, 600; HW, 530; FV, 108; EL, 480; MS, 108; OD, 35; POL, 40; OCL, 58; AOL, 88; length and (width)—radicle, 83; scape, 320 (45); pedicel, 98 (48); F1, 60 (45); F2, 58 (50); F3, 53 (50); F4, 53 (50); F5, 53 (55); F6, 50 (60); clava, 163 (63).

Sculpture (Fig. 15) on mesoscutum and scutellum similar to that on head; notaular lines conspicuous and meeting at middle of posterior margin of mesoscutum. Mesoscutum 0.65× as long as wide; scutellum 0.84× as long as wide. Fore wing (Fig. 16) 2.52× as long as wide; linea calva interrupted by 2 lines of setae and closed posteriorly by 3 lines of setae; postmarginal vein about as long as stigmal vein. Hind wing (Fig. 17) 3.68× as long as wide. Length of mid tibial spur (Fig. 18) 0.39× of mid tibia and shorter than mid basitarsus. Measurements (μm): FWL, 1325; FWW, 525; SMV, 560; MV, 53; PMV, 90; SV, 88; HWL, 920; HWW, 250; MT, 740; mid tibial spur, 290; mid basitarsus, 310.

Ovipositor (Fig. 15) 0.76× as long as mid tibia, slightly exserted. Measurements (μm): OL, 560.

Male. Unknown.

 Host.

Unknown.

 Etymology.

The specific name refers to its collecting location.

 Diagnosis.

The new species may be distinguished from H. albitarsus Gahan, 1910 and H. agarwali Anis & Hayat, 1998, by the following characters: F4 completely white (basal brown and apical white in H. albitarsus), hind tarsus brown (1–4 white in H. albitarsus), mid tibial spur shorter than mid basitarsus (longer in H. albitarsus), pedicel 2.05× as long as wide (about 3× in H. albitarsus); ovipositor 0.76× as long as mid tibia (1.03× in H. agarwali), F3 dark brown, mixed with white apically (white in H. agarwali).

10.3897/zookeys.1184.113292.figures13-18 8CE71A53-729A-5E70-AF94-B0CF8F1DB644

Homalotylus guangxiensis Zu, sp. nov., holotype female 13 head 14 antenna 15 mesosoma and metasoma 16 fore wing 17 hind wing 18 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940367 Animalia Hymenoptera Encyrtidae 709BEEF0-F636-5AD7-B517-5B094513762C Homalotylus tianjinensis https://zoobank.org/91147952-886C-449A-B0BB-2BFC2C7B889F Zu sp. nov. Figs 19–25 Type materials.

Holotype. ♀ [on slide], China, Tianjin City, Xiqing District, Tianjin Agricultural University, 39°5'21"N, 117°5'38"E, c. 13 m, 18.VI–3.VII.2019, Guo-Hao Zu, Ze-Ning Yang, Malaise trapping. Paratypes. ♀ [on slide], China, Tianjin City, Xiqing District, Tianjin Agricultural University, 39°5'21"N, 117°5'38"E, c. 13 m, 30.V–14.VI.2020, Ze-Ning Yang, Chen Zhang, Malaise trapping.

 Description.

Female. Holotype. Length, excluding ovipositor, 2.20 mm. Face yellowish brown, frontovertex dark brown, genae dark brown. Antennae dark brown, F6 from brown to white, clava white. Mesosoma black brown, but axilla yellowish brown, scutellum yellowish with a diamond-shaped brown area at the base; tegula white; wings largely hyaline but fore wing infuscate at base and with a distinct, broad more or less parallel-sided brown fascia across immediately distad of this, otherwise apical setae normal and dark; legs dark brown, except for apical 1/5 of mid tibia, all tibial spurs, mid and hind tarsus 1–4 white. Metasoma black, the protruding part of the ovipositor black brown, with only the base yellowish white.

Head (Fig. 19) with numerous conspicuous setae on frontovertex, each about as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; piliferous punctures shallow. Head in front view about 1.13× higher than wide. Frontovertex about 1/6 head width, and narrowest about midway between posterior ocelli and occipital margin, eye margins conspicuously diverging anteriorly. Ocelli forming an angle of about 40°. Malar space 0.17× eye height. Antennal torulus with its dorsal margin below lower eye margin and very close to oral margin. Clypeal margin slightly convex. Antennal (Fig. 20) scape slender, almost 7.60× as long as wide; pedicel 2.5× as long as wide, 1.49× as long as F1; all funicle segments longer than wide, F1 1.74× as long as wide, F6 1.26× as long as wide; funicle with linear sensilla on all segments; clava 3-segmented, about as long as F4–F6 combined, apex strongly obliquely truncate, truncate part approach to the middle of the first clava segment. Measurements (μm): HH, 590; HW, 530; FV, 90; EL, 500; MS, 87; OD, 38; POL, 38; OCL, 76; AOL, 66; length and (width)—radicle, 125; scape, 380 (50); pedicel, 130 (52); F1, 87 (50); F2, 85 (57); F3, 80 (60); F4, 82 (62); F5, 80 (62); F6, 82 (65); clava, 232 (65).

Mesosoma (Fig. 21) with sculpture on mesoscutum of similar mesh size to that on frontovertex, but much shallower; sculpture on scutellum similar to that on frontovertex, but slightly deeper and coarser; notaular lines conspicuous but not quite meeting at middle of posterior margin of mesoscutum. Scutellum about as long as wide and about as long as mesoscutum. Fore wing (Fig. 22) 2.78× as long as width; venation and setation as in Fig. 23; costal cell narrow; linea calva interrupted by 3 lines of setae and closed posteriorly by 5 lines of setae; marginal vein about 1.5× as long as wide; postmarginal vein slightly shorter than stigmal vein, angle between them about 30°. Hind wing (Fig. 23) 3.81× as long as width. Length of mid tibial spur (Fig. 25) about 0.45× of mid tibia and longer than mid basitarsus. Measurements (μm): FWL, 1420; FWW, 510; SMV, 645; MV, 62; PMV, 145; SV, 151; HWL, 1030; HWW, 270; MT, 860; mid tibial spur, 390; mid basitarsus, 350.

Ovipositor (Fig. 24) distinctly exserted, 1.14× as long as mid tibia and the exserted part nearly equal to mid tibial spur. Measurements (μm): OL, 980.

10.3897/zookeys.1184.113292.figures19-25 BDA477CF-0165-569B-B5D4-E4FABAFC09BA

Homalotylus tianjinensis Zu, sp. nov., holotype, female 19 head 20 antenna 21 mesosoma 22 fore wing 23 hind wing 24 metasoma 25 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940368

Male. Unknown.

 Host.

Unknown.

 Etymology.

The specific name refers to its collecting location.

 Diagnosis.

The new species may be distinguished from H. albiclavatus (Agarwal, 1970) and H. vicinus Silvestri, 1915, by the following characters: scape completely dark brown, 7.60× as long as wide (with a long light-colored strip medially, 8.55× in H. albiclavatus), F6 from brown to white (completely white in H. albiclavatus), scutellum yellowish with a diamond-shaped brown area at the base (yellow in H. albiclavatus); F6 from brown to white (dark in H. vicinus), hind femur dark brown (ventrally pale yellow apically in H. vicinus), hind tarsus 1–4 white (2–4 white in H. vicinus).

 Animalia Hymenoptera Encyrtidae 4F58D247-BCC6-567E-B3D1-286C8F19DF3C Homalotylus agarwali Anis & Hayat, 1998 Figs 26–31 Homalotylus agarwali Anis & Hayat, 1998: 203–204. Holotype ♀, India, HACO, not examined. Host.

Unknown.

 Distribution.

China (Guangxi), India.

 Material examined.

2♀, China, Guangxi Province, Qinzhou City, Beibu Culf University, 21°53'53"N, 108°36'56"E, c. 24 m, 6–17.XI.2019, Wen-quan Zhen, Malaise trapping.

 Diagnosis.

This is the first record from China.

 Animalia Hymenoptera Encyrtidae 6979A21C-AD75-5638-842D-CB905C12CC00 Homalotylus hemipterinus (De Stefani, 1898) Figs 32–37 Phaenodiscus hemipterinus De Stefani, 1898: 250. Holotype? ♀, Italy, ? lost. Homalotvlus orci Girault, 1917a: 3. Syntypes, Indonesia (Java), USNM, examined. Homalorylus flavimesopleurum Girault, 1917b: 5. Lectotype ♀, Japan, USNM, examined. Neoaenasioidea nigritus Agarwal, 1970: 27. Holotype ♀, India, ZAMU, not examined. Echthroplexis tumkurensis Shafee & Fatma, 1985: 375. Holotype ♀, India, ZAMU, not examined. Homalotvlus evtelweinii (Ratzeburg); Hayat 2006, Trjapitzin and Ruiz Cancino 2003, misidentification. Host.

Coleoptera (Coccinellidae): Chilocorus bipustulatus, Chilocorus bijugus, Chilocorus nigritus, Chilocorus sp., Coccinella septempunctata, Cycloneda sanguinea, Menochilus sexmaculatus.

 Distribution.

China (Guangxi), Japan, Thailand, India, Myanmar, Malaysia, Indonesia, Iran, Austria, Brazil, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Kenya, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Malawi, South Afica, Chad, Sudan, Togo, Cosat Rica, Bahamas, Paraguay, Colombia, Fiji.

 Material examined.

15♀, China, Guangxi Province, Qinzhou City, Beibu Gulf University, 21°53'53"N, 108°36'56"E, c. 24 m, 26.III–29.XII.2019, Wen-quan Zhen, Malaise trapping.

 Diagnosis.

This is the first record from China.

10.3897/zookeys.1184.113292.figures26-31 8DD73390-BD5F-5C2D-9D50-95DC2FB26995

Homalotylus agarwali Anis & Hayat, 1998, female 26 head 27 antenna 28 mesosoma and metasoma 29 fore wing 30 hind wing 31 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940369 10.3897/zookeys.1184.113292.figures32-37 43D258DD-CE49-574B-A451-9AB0C4B4E400

Homalotylus hemipterinus (De Stefani, 1898), female 32 head 33 antenna 34 mesosoma and metasoma 35 fore wing 36 hind wing 37 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940370 Animalia Hymenoptera Encyrtidae 99D57E7E-21FA-5C8A-AC35-84F440DB9837 Homalotylus varicolorus Krishnachaitanya & Manickavasagam, 2016 Figs 38–43 , 44–49 Homalotylus varicolorus Krishnachaitanya, Manickavasagam & Abhinav, 2016: 2373, 2380–2382. Holotype ♀, India, EDAU, not examined. Host.

Unknown.

10.3897/zookeys.1184.113292.figures38-43 2D4FCD40-B109-5790-9A6C-FFBF90F6622E

Homalotylus varicolorus Krishnachaitanya & Manickavasagam, 2016, female 38 head 39 antenna 40 mesosoma and metasoma 41 fore wing 42 hind wing 43 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940371 10.3897/zookeys.1184.113292.figures44-49 B2221CC0-2D65-51C4-BB0C-9E9AB5DD8F87

Homalotylus varicolorus Krishnachaitanya & Manickavasagam, 2016, male 44 head 45 antenna 46 mesosoma and metasoma 47 fore wing 48 hind wing 49 legs. Scale bars: 100 μm.

https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/940372 Distribution.

China (Guangxi), India.

 Material examined.

17♀, 16♂, China, Guangxi Province, Qinzhou City, Beibu Gulf University, 21°53'53"N, 108°36'56"E, c. 24 m, 21.IV.2019–19.IV.2020, Wen-quan Zhen, Malaise trapping.

 Diagnosis.

This is the first record from China. The specimens agree very well with the description of H. varicolorus, but a minor difference should be noted. In our specimens ovipositor 1.57× as long as mid tibia, whilst in the original description of H. varicolorus ovipositor 2.19× as long as mid tibia.

 Additional information Conflict of interest

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

 Ethical statement

No ethical statement was reported.

 Funding

This project was supported by Science and Research Foundation of Tangshan Normal University (Grant No. 2023B19).

 Author contributions

Dawei Huang and Guohao Zu designed the experiments; Wenquan Zhen participated in the collection specimens; Hao Xue and Haiyang Wang identification of specimens. Guohao Zu, Hao Xue and Haiyang Wang wrote the original draft of the manuscript.

 Author ORCIDs

Guohao Zu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9892-2171

Hao Xue https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4058-1298

Haiyang Wang https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5665-2111

Wenquan Zhen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-2775

 Data availability

All of the data that support the findings of this study are available in the main text.

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