Three-dimensional reconstruction of head and anterior body in Opistognathus ctenion (KAUM–I. 174226, 30.6 mm SL), based on CT scanning. Photographed by G. Shinohara and K. Fujiwara. Abbreviations: ACh, anterior ceratohyal; Ana, anguloarticular; Bh, basihyal; Br, branchiostegal rays; Bsph, basisphenoid; Cl, cleithrum; Cor, coracoid; De, dentary; DHh, dorsal hypohyal; DPcl, dorsal postcleithrum; Ect, ectopterygoid; Ent, entopterygoid; Epoc, epiotic; Exoc, exoccipital; Fr, frontal; Hy, hyomandibular; Ih, interhyal, IO1 to IO5, 1st to 5th infraorbitals, respectively; Iop, interopercle; LE, lateral ethmoid; Met, metapterygoid; Mx, maxilla; Na, nasal; Op, opercle; Pa, parietal; Pal, palatine; PecR, pectoral radial; Pmx, premaxilla; Pop, preopercle; Psph, parasphenoid; Pt, posttemporal; Pte, pterotic; Q, quadrate; Ra, retroarticular; Sc, scapula; Scl, supracleithrum; Smx, supramaxilla; Soc, supraoccipital; Sop, subopercle; Sph, sphenotic; Ste, supratemporal; Sym, symplectic; Ur, urohyal; V1, 1st vertebral centrum; Vo, vomer; and VPcl, ventral postcleithrum. Asterisks indicate poorly resolved features.