Nest entrances of representative stingless bees. A Paratrigona sp. from Colombia B Melipona (Melikerria) grandis Guérin-Méneville from Peru C Tetragonula (Tetragonula) melanocephala (Gribodo) from Malaysia D Melipona (Michmelia) cf. eburnea Friese from Colombia E Lestrimelitta sp. from Brazil F Tetragonisca angustula (Latreille) from Peru G Tetragonula (Tetragonula) sarawakensis (Schwarz) from Malaysia H Scaptotrigona (Astegotrigona) mexicana (Guérin-Méneville) from Mexico I stingless bee from Kenya. All photographs C. Rasmussen except H R. Ayala.