Pariaconus hawaiiensis, Pariaconus pele and Pariaconus pyramidalis immatures. A–CP. hawaiiensis: A 5th instar B antenna C anal ring D–IP. pyramidalis: D, E anal ring (E stained) F detail of marginal simple setae (head, stained) G 2nd instar H 1st instar I detail of marginal simple setae (wing pad, stained) JP. hawaiiensis, detail of marginal simple setae (wing pad, stained) K–NP. pele: K 5th instar with anal ring detail (inset) L anal ring M detail of marginal simple setae N 1st instar O–RP. hawaiiensis: examples of developing and older necrotic and lignified stem and bud galls S–WP. pyramidalis: cone galls on glabrous host morphotypes clustered along the leaf mid-vein T detail of narrow cone gall produced on glabrous host morphotype U, V broad cone galls produced on more pubescent host morphotypes W scars remaining on upper leaf surface from old cone galls X–Y single leaf with both P. pele and P. pyramidalis galls: X upper leaf surface with cone galls opening by hinged circular door (indicated) Y lower leaf surface with flat galls opening by valves (indicated) Z donut-type gall with central depression produced by P. pele form kohalensisAA–BBP. pele gall variations: AA gall with central plug (indicated), opening with circular suture BB gall produced on the leaf margin.