Pariaconus montgomeri and Pariaconus kupua immatures. A–DP. montgomeri: A 5th instar B antenna C tarsi D anal ring E–FP. kupua: E detail of marginal simple setae F anal ring with detail (inset) G–HP. montgomeri: G distribution of closed flat leaf galls H impression and discolouration on upper leaf surface (above) galls open by valves on lower leaf surface (below) I bud gall from Molokai, may be made by P. molokaiensis.