Corresponding author: Dariusz Skarżyński (
Academic editor: L. Deharveng
Three new species of
Smolis A, Kahrarian M, Piwnik A, Skarżyński D (2016)
Terminology for the description follows that given in
General morphology: – abdomen – antenna – sensory organ of antennal segment III – coxa – femur – subcoxa 2 – tibiotarsus – thorax – trochanter – ventral tube
Groups of chaetae: – antegenital – chaetae of anal lobes – apical – centroapical – centromedial – centroposterior – dorsal – furcal – ventrocentral – ventroexternal – ventroexternoanterior – ventroexternomedial – ventroexternoposterior – ventroexternolateral – ventroexternocentral – ventroexternointernal – ventrointernal – ventrolateral
Tubercles: – antenno–frontal – clypeal – dorsoexternal – dorsointernal – dorsolateral – lateral – ocular – subocular
Types of chaetae: – long macrochaeta – short macrochaeta – very short macrochaeta – mesochaeta – microchaeta – s–microchaeta or microsensillum – chaeta s – border s–chaeta on ant. IV – microchaetae on ant. IV – ordinary chaetae on ventral ant. IV – organite of ant. IV – border s–chaeta on ant. IV – ordinary chaeta on ant. IV – cylindrical s–chaetae on ant. IV („soies mousses”) – labial papilla x – ordinary lateral chaeta on abd. V – ordinary chaetae on tibiotarsi
The specimens were cleared in Nesbitt’s fluid, subsequently mounted on slides in Swan’s medium and observed using a phase contrast microscope Nikon E600. Photographs were made using a camera Nikon D5100 mounted on a microscope mentioned above. Photographs were stacked using Helicon Focus 6.2.2. and prepared for publication using Adobe Photoshop CS3. Material is deposited in the Department of Invertebrate Biology, Evolution and Conservation, Institute of Environmental Biology, University of Wrocław, Poland.
Holotype: adult female on slide, Iran, Osmanevand area, near Golestan village (
Two females and male on slide, Iran, Osmanevand area, near Chelkooshk village (
The species name refers to rare feature within the genus - only two chaetae
Habitus typical of the genus
Habitus typical of the genus. Body length (without antennae): 0.75–1.55 mm (holotype 1.30 mm). Colour of the body white. 2+2 medium unpigmented eyes (Fig.
Types of dorsal ordinary chaetae. Macrochaetae
Head. Labrum ogival, with ventral sclerifications as in Fig.
Chaetotaxy of
Tubercle | Number of chaetae | Types of chaetae | Names of chaetae |
---|---|---|---|
|
6 |
|
F |
|
6 |
|
A |
|
3 |
|
Ocm, Ocp |
|
2 |
|
Di1 |
|
2 |
|
De1 |
|
5 |
|
Dl1, Dl5 |
( |
8 |
|
L1, L4, So1 |
Chaetotaxy of
Group | Number of chaetae |
---|---|
Vi | 6 |
|
3 |
|
3 |
|
4 |
labium | 11, 0x |
Chaetotaxy of
Segment, Group | Number of chaetae | Segment, Group | Number of chaetae adult |
---|---|---|---|
I | 7 | IV |
|
II | 11 | ||
III |
5 sensilla AO III | ||
5 | 8 |
||
|
4 |
|
2 |
|
4 |
|
3 |
|
5 |
|
8 |
Thorax, abdomen, legs. Body
Chaetotaxy of
|
Terga |
|
|
|
|
Legs |
|
|
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 1 | - | 0 | 3 | 6 | 13 | 19 | |
3 | 2+ |
3+ |
3 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 12 | 19 | |
3 | 3+ |
3+ |
3 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 11 | 18 | |
Sterna | |||||||||
2 | 3+ |
2 | 3 | ||||||
2 | 3+ |
2 | 3 | Ve: 4–5 | Ve1 - | present | |||
2 | 3+ |
2 | 3 | 2–4mi | |||||
2 | 2+ |
3 | 6 | ||||||
(2+2) | 5+ |
||||||||
7 | Ve:13–14 |
In general appearance (shape of dorsal chaetae, chaetotaxy of central area of head and dorsal side of thorax and abdomen, complete absence of pigmentation and absence of cryptopygy),
Holotype: adult female on slide, Iran, Osmanevand area, near Markhor village (
Three females on slide, Iran, Osmanevand area, near Ghader marz village (
The species name refers to sharp labral apex which looks like a horn (“cera” in latin).
Habitus typical of the genus
Habitus typical of the genus. Body length (without antennae): 2.25–2.55 mm (holotype: 2.55 mm). Colour of the body bluish grey. 2+2 medium dark-pigmented eyes (Fig.
Types of dorsal ordinary chaetae. Macrochaetae
Head. Buccal cone very long. Labrum ogival, with ventral sclerifications as in Fig.
Chaetotaxy of
Tubercle | Number of chaetae | Types of chaetae | Names of chaetae |
---|---|---|---|
|
4 |
|
F |
|
10 |
|
A |
|
3 |
|
Ocm, Ocp |
|
2 |
|
Di1 |
|
2 |
|
De1 |
|
6 |
|
Dl1, Dl5 |
( |
9 |
|
L1, L4, So1 |
Chaetotaxy of
|
|
Vi | 6 |
|
3–4 |
|
3 |
|
4 |
Labium | 11, 0x |
Chaetotaxy of
|
|
|
|
I | 7 | IV |
|
II | 12–14 | ||
III |
5 sensilla AO III | ||
5 | 8 |
||
|
4 |
|
2 |
|
4 |
|
3 |
|
5 |
|
8 |
Thorax, abdomen, legs. Body
Chaetotaxy of
|
Terga |
|
|
|
|
Legs |
|
|
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 1 | - | 0 | 3 | 6 | 13 | 19 | |
3 | 2+ |
3+ |
3 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 12 | 19 | |
3 | 3+ |
3+ |
3 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 11 | 18 | |
Sterna | |||||||||
2 | 3+ |
2 | 3 | ||||||
2 | 3+ |
2 | 3 | Ve: 5–6 | Ve1 - | Present | |||
2 | 3+ |
2 | 3 | 0–2mi | |||||
2 | 2+ |
3 | 6–7 | ||||||
(3+3) | 5+ |
||||||||
7 | Ve: 13–14 |
Because of the very characteristic long and pointed labrum,
Holotype: adult female on slide, Iran, Kermanshah area, near Ghaleh shahin village (N34°25.590', E05°12.415', 566 m a.s.l.), litter in willow shrubs, 7.IV.2014, leg. M. Kahrarian. Paratypes: two females, four males and four juveniles on slides, same data as holotype.
Female on slide, Iran, Kermanshah Province, Halashi County, near Sarfiroozabad village (
The species name refers to the historic name of Iran, Persia.
Habitus typical of the genus
Habitus typical of the genus. Body length (without antennae): 0.75–1.90 mm (holotype: 1.10 mm). Colour of the body bluish grey. 2+2 large dark pigmented eyes (Fig.
Types of dorsal ordinary chaetae. Macrochaetae
Head. Buccal cone short. Labrum rounded, with ventral sclerifications as in Fig.
Chaetotaxy of
Tubercle | Number of chaetae | Types of chaetae | Names of chaetae |
---|---|---|---|
|
4 |
|
F |
|
10 | B |
|
|
3 |
|
Ocm |
|
2 |
|
Di1 |
|
2 |
|
De1 |
|
5 | Dl1, Dl5 |
|
( |
8 | L1, L4, So1 |
Chaetotaxy of
Group | Number of chaetae |
---|---|
Vi | 6 |
|
3–4 |
|
3 |
|
4 |
labium | 11, 0× |
Chaetotaxy of
Segment, Group | Number of chaetae | Segment, Group | Number of chaetaev adult |
I | 7 | IV |
|
II | 12–14 | ||
III |
5 sensilla AO III | ||
5 | 8 |
||
|
4 |
|
2 |
|
4 |
|
3 |
|
5 |
|
8 |
Thorax, abdomen, legs. Body
Chaetotaxy of
|
Terga |
|
|
|
|
Legs |
|
|
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 1 | - | 0 | 3 | 6 | 13 | 19 | |
3 | 2+ |
3+ |
3 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 12 | 19 | |
3 | 3+ |
3+ |
3 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 11 | 18 | |
Sterna | |||||||||
2 | 3+ |
2 | 3 | ||||||
2 | 3+ |
2 | 3 | Ve: 5–6 | Ve1 - | present | |||
2 | 3+ |
2 | 4 | 0 |
|||||
2 | 2+ |
3 | 6–7 | ||||||
(3+3) | 8+ |
||||||||
7 | Ve: 13–14 |
In general appearance and presence of inner tooth on claw, characters rarely observed within the genus,
In 1982, Deharveng, in his PhD thesis, elevated
1 | Head with fusion of tubercles |
|
– | Head with separation of tubercles |
|
2. | Chaeta O on head present |
|
Chaeta O on head absent |
|
|
3 | Tubercles |
|
– | Tubercles |
|
4 | Tubercles |
|
– | Tubercles |
|
5 | Tubercles |
|
– | Tubercles |
|
6 | Chaeta E on head present, Tubercle |
|
– | Chaeta E on head absent, Tubercle |
|
7 | Tubercle |
|
– | Tubercle |
|
8 | Labrum with ventral sclerifications ogival and without prelabral chaetae | |
– | Labrum with ventral sclerifications nonogival and with prelabral chaetae | |
9 | Chaeta O on head present |
|
– | Chaeta O on head absent |
|
10 | Eyes completely absent |
|
– | Eyes present |
|
11 | Tubercles |
|
– | Tubercles |
|
12 | Anterior eye present and located outside tubercle |
|
– | Anterior eye present or absent, if present located within tubercle |
|
13 | Anterior eye present |
|
– | anterior eye absent | |
14 | Claw with inner tooth, tibiotarsi with long chaetae B4 and |
|
– | Claw without tooth, tibiotarsi with short chaetae B4 and |
|
15 | Tubercle |
|
Tubercle |
||
16 | Chaeta E on head absent |
|
– | Chaeta E on head present |
|
17 | Tubercle |
|
– | Tubercle |
|
18 | Tubercle |
|
– | Tubercle |
|
19 | Tubercles |
|
– | Tubercles |
|
20 | Body white |
|
– | Body blue or bluish–grey |
|
21. | Tubercle ( |
|
– | Tubercle ( |
|
22 | Tubercle |
|
– | Tubercle |
|
23 | Tubercle |
|
– | Tubercle |
|
24 | Tubercle ( |
|
– | Tubercle ( |
|
25 | Tubercle |
|
– | Tubercle |
|
26 | Cryptopygy strong and complete, tubercles of |
|
– | Cryptopygy absent or weak, tubercles of |
|
27 | Body bluish–grey |
|
– | Body white |
|
28 | Claw with inner tooth, labrum chaetotaxy 4/2, 4 |
|
– | Claw without inner tooth, labrum chaetotaxy 0/2, 2 | |
29 | Tubercle |
|
– | Tubercle |
|
30 | Chaeta C on head absent |
|
– | Chaeta C on head present |
|
31 | Macrochaetae Di1 on |
|
– | Macrochaetae Di1 on |
|
32 | Eyes present, tubercles |
|
– | Eyes absent, tubercles |
|
33 | Tubercle |
|
– | Tubercle |
|
34 | Chaeta E on head present, tubercle |
|
– | Chaeta E on head absent, tubercle |
|
35 | Chaeta E on head present | |
– | Chaeta E on head absent |
|
36 | Chaeta L4 on head free, eyes absent or present unpigmented |
|
– | Chaeta L4 within tubercle ( |
|
37 | Abd. V with two tubercles | |
– | Abd. V with three tubercles |
|
38 | Abd. IV with eight tubercles, macrochaetae |
|
– | Abd. IV with five tubercles, macrochaetae |
|
39 | Tubercle |
|
– | Tubercle |
Considering the data presented here and those obtained from the literature (