Corresponding author: Muhammad Kamran (
Academic editor: Andre Bochkov
Three erythraeid genera
Kamran M, Alatawi FJ (2014) Erythraeid mites (Prostigmata, Erythraeidae) from Saudi Arabia, description of three new species and a new record. ZooKeys 445: 77–95. doi:
Mites of the family
The genus
The genus
The genus
Three regions of Saudi Arabia, Al-Riyadh, Al-Madina and Baha, were surveyed for the collection of erythraeid mites during the years 2012–2013. Two collection methods were used: i) different plant parts were shaken over pieces of white paper and the mites were transferred using camel hair brush into 70% alcohol; ii) Tullgren funnels were used to extract mites from plant material brought to the laboratory. Mites parasitic on different insects were collected and preserved along with their hosts. Later, the mites were detached from their hosts under the stereomicroscope (Olympus®, SZX10, Japan). The collected mite specimens were cleared in Nesbitt’s fluid for 10–12 h. Subsequently, the specimens were mounted on slides in Hoyer’s medium, and dried in oven at 40 °C for one week. The mounted specimens were examined under a phase-contrast microscope (DM2500, Leica®, Germany). Temfig illustrations were either drawn with pencil by using a drawing tube (Olympus®, Japan) attached to the microscope, or different body parts of mites were pictured with an Auto-montage Software System (SYNCROSCOPY®, Cambridge, UK) attached to the microscope. Final processing of drawings was done in Adobe Illustrator (Adobe Systems Incorporated, USA). The terminology used in this study follows that of
(n=6). fn Bfe 3-3-3, IP 2519–2597, fnTi 14-15-15, fD 32, fV 10, AL 90-97, AP 32–35, PSE 80–87, Ti III 279-289, Ti II 180-196, Genu III 143-149.
(Holotype larva):
Dorsum: Prodorsal scutum with two pairs of sensilla (ASE and PSE) and two pairs of setae (AL and PL). AL located slightly anterior to ASE bases, PSE present at posterior pole of scutum, Posterior pair of sensilla (PSE) more than three times longer than anterior pair ASE, both finely ciliated on their distal halves. Cuticular lines surround both sensilla. AL longer than PL, both with long dense barbs on their entire lengths. Prodorsal scutum almost pentagonal in shape, straight anteriorly, round posteriorly, widest at the level of PL setae (Fig.
Venter: Idiosoma ventrally bears setae
Gnathosoma: Infracapitulum with one pair of nude hypostomal setae (
Legs: Legs seven segmented with divided femora, all legs longer than body length; leg III the longest one, Tarsi terminate into two lateral claws and a claw like empodium. Chaetotaxy of leg segments: coxae 1–1–1; trochanters 1–1–1; basifemora 3–3–3; telofemora 5–5–5; genua 8+1σ+1κ – 8+1κ – 8; tibiae 14 + 2φ+ 1
The specific epithet is derived from the name of famous mountain "Uhad", where holotype larva was collected.
Holotype larva was collected from the mountain “Uhad”, Al-Madina, Saudi Arabia,
Metric data of
Ch. | H | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | Ch. | H | P-1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IL | 302 | 300 | 305 | 307 | 298 | 297 | Ta I(H) | 16 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 16 |
IW | 195 | 197 | 195 | 200 | 194 | 199 | Ti I | 205 | 206 | 205 | 210 | 211 | 207 |
L | 71 | 73 | 70 | 74 | 69 | 81 | Ge I | 185 | 183 | 185 | 190 | 193 | 186 |
W | 105 | 103 | 102 | 108 | 106 | 99 | Tfe I | 113 | 111 | 115 | 112 | 116 | 110 |
AW | 44 | 45 | 44 | 48 | 46 | 47 | Bfe I | 105 | 106 | 103 | 107 | 110 | 104 |
PW | 81 | 83 | 82 | 85 | 81 | 85 | Tr I | 44 | 45 | 46 | 43 | 47 | 44 |
AA | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 12 | Cx I | 35 | 34 | 36 | 34 | 36 | 35 |
SB | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 14 | Leg I | 829 | 828 | 834 | 843 | 853 | 826 |
ISD | 50 | 52 | 49 | 53 | 53 | 51 | Ta II(L) | 136 | 138 | 135 | 139 | 141 | 134 |
AP | 34 | 33 | 35 | 35 | 32 | 35 | Ta II(H) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 15 |
AL | 92 | 90 | 93 | 97 | 91 | 95 | Ti II | 189 | 187 | 189 | 180 | 196 | 192 |
PL | 63 | 61 | 62 | 60 | 65 | 60 | Ge II | 126 | 127 | 129 | 124 | 131 | 122 |
ASE | 23 | 24 | 25 | 22 | 23 | 22 | Tfe II | 110 | 108 | 113 | 107 | 113 | 110 |
PSE | 81 | 80 | 82 | 87 | 81 | 84 | Bfe II | 95 | 97 | 96 | 98 | 94 | 94 |
DS | 29–61 | 29–62 | 28–61 | 30–64 | 30–63 | 29–62 | Tr II | 50 | 52 | 50 | 48 | 54 | 53 |
PDS | 29–61 | 29–62 | 29–61 | 29–64 | 29–63 | 29–62 | Cx II | 63 | 65 | 63 | 60 | 61 | 61 |
|
50 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 48 | 50 | Leg II | 769 | 774 | 775 | 756 | 790 | 766 |
|
28 | 29 | 28 | 32 | 30 | 31 | Ta III(L) | 154 | 152 | 156 | 150 | 157 | 153 |
|
100 | 99 | 102 | 105 | 100 | 103 | Ta III(H) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 15 |
|
33 | 32 | 30 | 35 | 32 | 34 | Ti III | 286 | 287 | 279 | 287 | 289 | 283 |
|
38 | 37 | 36 | 40 | 39 | 38 | Ge III | 148 | 149 | 146 | 146 | 143 | 144 |
|
30 | 31 | 30 | 34 | 32 | 30 | Tfe | 113 | 114 | 110 | 112 | 116 | 113 |
|
23 | 22 | 21 | 24 | 23 | 22 | Bfe | 123 | 123 | 125 | 126 | 128 | 122 |
G L | 107 | 110 | 108 | 111 | 106 | 107 | Tr III | 50 | 53 | 52 | 50 | 53 | 51 |
PaScFed | 50 | 52 | 51 | 54 | 51 | 49 | Cx III | 66 | 67 | 65 | 66 | 68 | 67 |
PaScGed | 52 | 54 | 52 | 56 | 50 | 53 | LegIII | 940 | 945 | 933 | 937 | 962 | 933 |
Ta I(L) | 142 | 143 | 144 | 147 | 140 | 140 | IP | 2538 | 2547 | 2542 | 2519 | 2597 | 2525 |
Ch = Character, H = Holotype, P = Paratype
Six larvae, Baha, Saudi Arabia,
The type specimens were collected from a fly (
Metric data of
Ch. | Ch. | Ch. | Ch. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IL | 344–355 | PSE | 73–79 | Ti I | 228–234 | Tr II | 62–66 |
IW | 230–238 | DS | 55–72 | Ge I | 164–167 | Cx II | 67–72 |
L | 91–97 |
|
41–44 | Tfe I | 110–115 | Leg II | 851–891 |
W | 145–151 |
|
30–34 | Bfe I | 112–116 | Ta III(L) | 156–163 |
AW | 41–45 |
|
88–94 | Tr I | 54–56 | Ta III(H) | 16 |
PW | 110–115 |
|
29–32 | Cx I | 63–67 | Ti III | 329–334 |
AA | 20–21 |
|
34–37 | Leg I | 893–923 | Ge III | 156–160 |
SB | 15–15 |
|
30–33 | Ta II(L) | 137–143 | Tfe | 135–140 |
ISD | 62–65 |
|
23–26 | Ta II(H) | 16–17 | Bfe | 129–133 |
AP | 50–53 | PaScFed | 54–58 | Ti II | 229–236 | Tr III | 52–55 |
AL | 186–197 | PaScGev | 67–71 | Ge II | 129–137 | Cx III | 68–72 |
PL | 74–79 | Ta I(L) | 162–168 | Tfe II | 122–127 | Leg III | 1025–1057 |
ASE | 28–30 | Ta I(H) | 17–18 | Bfe II | 105–110 | IP | 2769–2871 |
(n=7). fnTi 18-18-18, fD 121–123, fV 60–61, with two hypostomalae, posterior hypostomalae barbed, galeala nude, GL 157-164, fnGe 12-12-12, four setae between coxae II & III, solenidion on genu I located distally.
(Metric data of holotype followed by as a range of six paratypes in parenthesis).
Dorsum: Prodorsal scutum punctate entirely, with two pairs of sensillae (ASE, PSE) and three pairs of normal setae (AL, PL, PL). Posterior sensilla (PSE) longer than anterior ones (ASE), both finely barbed at distal halves. All three scutalae AL, ML and PL densely barbed and blunt ended, (Fig.
Venter: Venter with intercoxal setae (
Gnathosoma: Subcapitulum with one pair of nude, spiniform galealae (
Legs: Legs seven segmented with divided femora, all longer than body length. Tarsi I–III terminate in two lateral claws and claw like empodium.
Leg setal formula: Cx: 1-2-2; Tr: 1-1-1; Bfe: 4-4-2; Tfe: 5-5-5; Ge: 12+1σ+1κ – 12+ 1κ – 12; Ti: 18+2φ + 1Cp+ 1κ – 18+ 2φ –18 + 1φ; Ta: 27+ 1ω + 1ε + 1Cp + 2ζ – 26 + 1ω + 1ζ – 27 + 1ζ (Figs
The specific epithet is derived from the city name “Baha” (in Saudi Arabia) where it was collected.
Holotype and 6 paratype larvae, from blue alfalfa aphid,
Metric data of
Ch. | H | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | Ch. | H | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 |
IL | 441 | 436 | 439 | 435 | 430 | 442 | 441 | PaScFed | 58 | 55 | 57 | 58 | 57 | 55 | 59 |
IW | 280 | 285 | 275 | 272 | 276 | 278 | 282 | PaScGev | 32 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 33 | 29 | 33 |
L | 110 | 112 | 109 | 108 | 110 | 106 | 113 | Ta I(L) | 164 | 160 | 158 | 166 | 165 | 159 | 165 |
W | 116 | 117 | 118 | 114 | 116 | 115 | 117 | Ta I(H) | 16 | 15 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 |
AW | 84 | 81 | 86 | 81 | 86 | 84 | 85 | Ti I | 181 | 180 | 178 | 183 | 175 | 173 | 184 |
MW | 98 | 94 | 100 | 97 | 101 | 93 | 98 | Ge I | 132 | 133 | 127 | 135 | 130 | 129 | 135 |
PW | 110 | 112 | 109 | 108 | 112 | 113 | 106 | Tfe I | 88 | 85 | 89 | 90 | 90 | 86 | 91 |
AA | 10 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 10 | Bfe I | 88 | 86 | 89 | 90 | 85 | 84 | 91 |
SB | 20 | 19 | 20 | 10 | 19 | 21 | 18 | Tr I | 47 | 49 | 46 | 47 | 46 | 46 | 47 |
ISD | 75 | 71 | 78 | 72 | 77 | 75 | 71 | Cx I | 66 | 65 | 67 | 67 | 63 | 64 | 68 |
AP | 49 | 50 | 52 | 47 | 50 | 48 | 49 | Leg I | 766 | 758 | 754 | 778 | 754 | 741 | 781 |
AL | 54 | 52 | 51 | 50 | 54 | 55 | 56 | Ta II(L) | 152 | 146 | 150 | 154 | 154 | 150 | 155 |
ML | 54 | 55 | 52 | 53 | 57 | 57 | 58 | Ta II(H) | 15 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 16 |
PL | 52 | 51 | 49 | 50 | 55 | 53 | 55 | Ti II | 156 | 159 | 153 | 153 | 151 | 150 | 155 |
ASE | 49 | 50 | 51 | 48 | 54 | 50 | 49 | Ge II | 113 | 111 | 110 | 114 | 115 | 110 | 116 |
PSE | 93 | 91 | 90 | 87 | 95 | 89 | 95 | Tfe II | 78 | 85 | 77 | 80 | 75 | 76 | 81 |
DS | 45–54 | 44–55 | 43–54 | 42–53 | 45–55 | 44–54 | 45–56 | Bfe II | 79 | 78 | 80 | 82 | 77 | 80 | 83 |
PDS | 45–54 | 44–55 | 43–54 | 42–53 | 45–55 | 44–54 | 45–56 | Tr II | 59 | 60 | 62 | 58 | 56 | 57 | 61 |
|
44 | 45 | 42 | 40 | 45 | 44 | 46 | Cx II | 74 | 71 | 73 | 75 | 70 | 71 | 74 |
|
57 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 60 | 58 | 59 | Leg II | 711 | 710 | 705 | 716 | 698 | 694 | 725 |
|
71 | 69 | 68 | 67 | 73 | 73 | 72 | Ta III(L) | 172 | 170 | 166 | 177 | 165 | 168 | 175 |
|
71 | 69 | 73 | 67 | 78 | 77 | 73 | Ta III(H) | 16 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 16 |
|
55 | 53 | 56 | 52 | 56 | 57 | 54 | Ti III | 237 | 239 | 233 | 231 | 242 | 230 | 241 |
|
55 | 52 | 57 | 52 | 57 | 56 | 53 | Ge III | 146 | 144 | 148 | 148 | 140 | 141 | 147 |
46 | 44 | 47 | 42 | 48 | 45 | 42 | Tfe | 113 | 111 | 115 | 109 | 112 | 110 | 115 | |
GL | 161 | 158 | 163 | 155 | 164 | 159 | 157 | Bfe | 89 | 88 | 90 | 87 |
|
87 | 90 |
|
45 | 44 | 42 | 43 | 47 | 46 | 47 | Tr III | 59 | 60 | 56 | 58 | 59 | 56 | 60 |
|
16 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 15 | Cx III | 80 | 81 | 78 | 77 | 80 | 77 | 83 |
|
33 | 34 | 32 | 31 | 34 | 33 | 30 | LegIII | 895 | 893 | 886 | 887 | 903 | 869 | 911 |
IP | 2372 | 2361 | 2345 | 2381 | 2355 | 2304 | 2417 |
(n=7). Scutum present, three pairs of scutalae present off the scutum, fnTr 3–3–2, fnBfe 4–4–3, fnTi 11–11–11, PSE 66-75, IP 1294–1363, ISD 65-69, fV 60 and fD 74.
Dorsum: Idiosoma oval in shape, scutum elongate, 92 (88–95) long, 23 (21–25) wide, carries two pairs of sensilla (ASE & PSE), ASE located on anterior while PSE on posterior part of scutum, both sensilla finely barbed on their entire lengths. Crista present on scutum. Three pairs of scutalae (AL, ML, PL) present on the lateral sides of scutum, no scutalae located on scutum. AL located slightly posterior to the bases of ASE, ML lies slightly anterior to the middle of scutum and PL slightly posterior to the middle of scutum. One pair of eyes present on postero-lateral side of scutum at the level of PSE on the idiosoma, cornea of each eye 14 (13–14) in diameter. Dorsal setae on idiosoma 37 pairs, all barbed. fD = 74 (Fig.
Venter: Idiosoma ventrally with one pair of sternalae
Gnathosoma: Gnathosoma with one pair of hypostomalae (
Legs: Legs seven segmented with divided femora, tarsi I–III terminated with two claws and claw-like empodium, empodium with pilose (pulvilliform) structure. Leg setal formula: leg I: Ta- ω, 2ζ, 1 Cp, 22B; Ti- 2φ,1κ, 11B; Ge- 1σ,1κ, 9B; Tfe- 5B; Bfe- 4B; Tr- 3B; Cx- 1B (Fig.
The new species is named on the name of Professor Dr. Yousif Al-Duraihim.
Holotype larva was collected from 5 Km Taif road, Baha, Saudi Arabia,
Metric data of
Ch. | H | P-1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | Ch. | H | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 |
IL | 471 | 478 | 466 | 475 | 459 | 465 | 460 | Ta I(H) | 23 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 22 |
IW | 345 | 336 | 355 | 349 | 332 | 340 | 342 | Ti I | 89 | 92 | 88 | 86 | 94 | 93 | 86 |
L | 92 | 95 | 89 | 88 | 89 | 95 | 91 | Ge I | 92 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 93 | 93 | 86 |
W | 23 | 22 | 24 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 21 | Tfe I | 54 | 50 | 55 | 53 | 56 | 49 | 54 |
AW | 28 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 27 | 30 | 28 | Bfe I | 59 | 60 | 61 | 58 | 62 | 58 | 55 |
MW | 39 | 37 | 40 | 39 | 36 | 41 | 41 | Tr I | 32 | 31 | 33 | 30 | 34 | 34 | 30 |
PW | 64 | 66 | 61 | 62 | 60 | 63 | 65 | Cx I | 65 | 62 | 66 | 64 | 60 | 61 | 60 |
SBa | 12 | 12 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | Leg I | 479 | 473 | 479 | 463 | 484 | 470 | 462 |
SBp | 16 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 15 | 16 | Ta II(L) | 79 | 82 | 76 | 75 | 83 | 79 | 81 |
ISD | 68 | 66 | 69 | 65 | 64 | 66 | 68 | Ta II(H) | 22 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 21 | 21 |
AL | 30 | 28 | 30 | 32 | 29 | 32 | 31 | Ti II | 77 | 75 | 79 | 76 | 76 | 77 | 76 |
ML | 30 | 30 | 29 | 30 | 28 | 29 | 32 | Ge II | 71 | 72 | 73 | 68 | 74 | 69 | 68 |
PL | 34 | 35 | 36 | 34 | 33 | 34 | 32 | Tfe II | 44 | 41 | 39 | 40 | 42 | 45 | 46 |
ASE | 53 | 50 | 55 | 52 | 50 | 56 | 51 | Bfe II | 38 | 37 | 34 | 35 | 37 | 39 | 40 |
PSE | 72 | 69 | 74 | 66 | 70 | 75 | 71 | Tr II | 36 | 38 | 39 | 39 | 42 | 43 | 35 |
DS | 28–42 | 27–43 | 29–43 | 28–40 | 26–40 | 28–44 | 30–42 | Cx II | 60 | 58 | 60 | 60 | 65 | 63 | 64 |
PDS | 33–42 | 34–43 | 33–43 | 31–40 | 30–40 | 29–44 | 34–42 | Leg II | 405 | 403 | 400 | 393 | 419 | 415 | 410 |
1a | 56 | 54 | 52 | 56 | 52 | 57 | 57 | Ta III(L) | 82 | 81 | 79 | 79 | 83 | 85 | 78 |
|
45 | 42 | 45 | 46 | 41 | 47 | 41 | Ta III(H) | 19 | 19 | 20 | 19 | 20 | 19 | 20 |
|
49 | 44 | 50 | 48 | 44 | 46 | 46 | Ti III | 94 | 96 | 92 | 89 | 97 | 92 | 91 |
|
47 | 47 | 46 | 47 | 45 | 45 | 48 | Ge III | 78 | 75 | 79 | 74 | 77 | 79 | 77 |
GL | 88 | 90 | 88 | 85 | 85 | 92 | 82 | Tfe III | 51 | 51 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 56 | 50 |
PaScFed | 33 | 34 | 35 | 33 | 31 | 35 | 31 | Bfe III | 51 | 49 | 54 | 49 | 55 | 56 | 54 |
PaScFev | 22 | 21 | 20 | 23 | 20 | 23 | 22 | Tr III | 35 | 34 | 36 | 33 | 37 | 36 | 33 |
PaScGed | 24 | 25 | 23 | 24 | 22 | 26 | 22 | Cx III | 61 | 64 | 58 | 59 | 57 | 59 | 60 |
PaScGev | 18 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 17 | 20 | 18 | Leg III | 452 | 450 | 453 | 438 | 460 | 463 | 443 |
Ta I(L) | 88 | 90 | 87 | 82 | 85 | 91 | 91 | IP | 1336 | 1326 | 1332 | 1294 | 1363 | 1348 | 1315 |
We thank the Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Food and Agriculture Research Center, at King Saud University, Riyadh for providing facilities and funds for this work, Dr Ryszard Haitlinger (Institute of Biology, Department of Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland), Dr Alireza Saboori (Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran), and Dr Mohammad Khanjani (Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran) for providing useful literature and suggestions.