Corresponding author: Xing-Ke Yang (
Academic editor: R. Gerstmeier
The
The genus
In the present paper, we follow the classification system of
Materials examined in the present paper are deposited in the following collections. Abbreviations are shown in the text as follows:
China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
Collection of Mr. CHEN Changchin, Taiwan, China
Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova, Italy
Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel, Switzerland
The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden
Hope Department of Entomology, University Museum, Oxford, United Kingdom
Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, The Netherlands
National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., USA
Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam, Leiden, The Netherlands
Whole male abdomens were removed from the body with fine forceps and treated with10% KOH solution at room temperature for 8–12 hours. Male terminalia were prised apart,rinsed and examined in 70% ethanol. Tegmina were photographed when totally dry in the air, while other parts of male terminalia were photographed in glycerol. All male terminalia components were permanentlystored within glycerol in genital vial which was pinned below specimen. Habitus images were captured using a Nikon D7000 digital camera with Tamron SP 90mm lens, or Canon 450D digital camera with CanonMacro 100 mm lens. Terminalia images were captured by a Nikon digital Sight DS–SM camera fitted to a Nikon SMZ–1500 stereoscopic dissecting microscope controlled by ACT–2U software, or by a Canon 450D digital camera fittedto a Nikon SMZ–1500 stereoscopic dissecting microscope. Series of partially focused photographswere taken and then combined using Helicon Focus software, and finallyprocessed with Adobe Photoshop software. Line drawings were made under Leica MZ125 stereoscopic dissecting microscope or created from color photographs using Adobe Illustrator software. Distribution maps, created in Adobe Illustrator software, are based on examined materials and published records.
Measurements were made under a stereomicroscope using an ocular micrometer. Body length is the linear distance from labrum to elytral apices. Body width is themaximum width across elytra. Abbreviations are shown in the text as follows:
Original and later important taxonomic references are cited after taxon names. Full label data are provided for name-bearing type specimens: label data of each specimen are enclosed within a pair of double quotation marks, and individual labels are separated by a slash. All writings are cited in their original spelling, punctuation and language. Original italic or capital is ignored. Notes and elaborations relating to label data are enclosed in square brackets (including the writer, translation, etc). Red labels have been added to holotypes, paratypes, lectotypes and paralecto- types. Full label data or, in most cases, only locality data are provided for other specimens. When transcribing the label data, “
This species group is characteristic by its broad and compact body form. It differs from
It differs from
In the integumental coloration (yellow and black),
Southeast Asia (
This species group is probably advanced groups within
1 | Elytron with only one black spot at apex ( |
|
- | Elytron with two black spots, anterior spot just before middle, posterior spot at apex or near apex ( |
2 |
2 | Head black; anterior black spot of elytron spanning from outer margin to suture or almost to suture ( |
3 |
- | Head yellow; anterior black spot of elytron clearly reaching neither outer margin or suture ( |
4 |
3 | Pronotum totally black; mesepisternum black; anterior black spot of elytron extended to suture thus forming a complete black band across elytra ( |
|
- | Pronotum with major area yellow, only with a small transverse black patch on anterior margin ( |
|
4 | Mesepisternum yellow; posterior black spot of elytron located vertical-apically, rounded rectangle, length to width ratio about 1.5:1 ( |
|
- | Mesepisternum black; posterior black spot of elytron located lateral-apically, bar-shaped, length to width ratio about 4:1 ( |
The name-bearing types of
There are 3 other species of this species group with two black spots on each elytron:
(
The name-bearing type of
(
The lectotype is one of the specimens sent to S. Schenkling for study from MCSN, with a label “quadripunctatus Schklg” handwritten by R. Gestro, the former curator of MCSN. The name “quadripunctatus Schklg” has never been published, however, the locality and morphological characters of this specimen perfectly accord with the original publication of
This species is most similar to
The difference between this species and
(
The original description of
The original publication of
This species can be rapidly distinguished from other species of the
This species is most similar to
Ost-Celebes, Tombugu, H. Kühn 1885 (MNHN, 1♂)*; Ost-Celebes, Tombugu, H. Kühn 1885 (MNHN, 1 ex.); W. Celebes, G. Rangkoenau, J.P. Ch. Kalis, 900’ 1937 (MNHN, 1 ex.); Celebes, Menado (MNHN, 1♀); “Celebes, G. Heinrich, B. M. 1933-117 / Celebes, Latimodjonggeb. Uru, 800 m,Aug / Sept.1930, G. Heinrich / Brachycallimerus pectoralis (Schenkling), det. G. Ekis, 1985” (NHML, 1 ex.); “Drs. Sarasin, S. Celebes, Makassar / Callimerus rusticus Gorh., Determ K. M. Heller” (NHMB, 8 ex.); “Men [Sulawesi, Manado] / Ex. A. R. Wallace, Private collection, Purchased 1860–70, Ox. Uni. Mus. of Nat. Hist. (OUMNH)” (OUM, 1 ex.).
(
The new species can be rapidly distinguished from other species of the
The coloration of this new species is similar to that of
The new species differs from
In the holotype and a paratype (No. IOZ(E)1126332), the black spot on elytron reach to the extreme apex; in the other paratypes, the black spot does not reach to the extreme apex so that a tiny region in extreme apex is yellow.
(
The Latin adjective “
Holotypeof
The name-bearing type of
This species is excluded from the genus
Distribution map of
The sex of the paratype was mistaken in the original publication.
This species was included in Kolibáč’s (
The original publication of
Although this species has a basal tooth on claw, and we didn’t examine its character of metatibia subapical projection (the only examined specimen is glued on board with metatibia not viewable), we are still confident to exclude it from the
The original publication of
This species has a basal tooth on claw and metatibia with subapical projection on outer edge. Although it accords with the
Within these five species of the
We wish to thank Dr. WANG Xinli (CAU), Mr. CHEN Changchin (CCCC), Dr. Roberto Poggi (MCSN), late Dr. Michel Brancucci (NHMB), Dr. Michael Geiser (NHMB), Ms. Beulah Garner (NHML), Dr. Darren Mann (OUM), Dr. David G. Furth (USNM), Dr. Natalia J Vandenberg (USNM), Mr. Ben Brugge (ZMAN) and Mr. Fred van Assen (RMNH) for providing access to public or private collections under their charge and/or for their generous help to the first author when she visited their collections. Special thanks to Justin Bartlett (Brisbane, Australia) for helpful comments and English revision, to Dr. Roland Gerstmeier (Munich, Germany) for sharing some type images and giving the comment on the assignment of