Corresponding author: Deniz Şirin (
Academic editor: A. Gorochov
Fourteen endemic and two sub-endemic species belonging to three subfamilies of Tettigoniidae (Tettigoniinae, Bradyporinae and Saginae) were sampled during field trips throughout the different ranges of Anatolia between the years of 2004 and 2013. Acoustic parameters of these 16 species affiliated to 8 genera (
The researchers of the last century were able to document many of the singing
The family
In the present study, we aim (i) to obtain the first ever records of song characteristics of 14 endemic and 2 sub-endemic species belonging to 8 genera (
In the present study, 16 species of 8 genera belonging to three different subfamilies of
Song recordings of collected animals were made in the field and laboratory. All song records were carried out by TASCAM DR-100 recorder using Philips-SBC ME 570 condenser microphone (frequency response flat up to 18 kHz) and SONY RECORDER with a shotgun microphone (the upper frequency limit was 15 kHz). The microphone was kept about 5–15 cm away from the calling male. The male songs were analyzed with custom-designed software (W. Schulze) developed in LabVIEW 7 (National Instruments, Austin, TX, USA) and Turbolab 4.0 (Stemmer AG). The traditional
The following terms were used:
Terminology for three complex song types in studied
Distribution map (
Males collected from İzmir, Bozdağ, Günalan yaylası-millik mevkii,
Eight records from two males were analyzed. The calling song consists of sequences of polysyllabic phrases of different duration (
Turkey and Iraq (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Erzincan, Kemaliye, Ocak köyü,
Eight records from one male were evaluated. The calling song consists of a series of regular phrases (
Endemic for Turkey – Western Anatolia (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Antalya, Elmalı, Bozöyük köyü-Uzunkarış Tepe arası,
Total of the six records from two males was analyzed. The calling song consists of several phrases in different duration (
Endemic for Turkey, Bolkar Mountains (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Niğde, Ulukışla, Karagöl Yolu, Bolkar Dağları, 2285 m (type locality), 12.VIII.2011 (by M. S. Taylan, A. Aydın) and calling song recorded from two males at 25 °C in the field (by M. S. Taylan).
Total of the six records from two males was examined. The calling song consists of a series of regular phrases (
Endemic for Turkey, Binboğa-Mountains (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Adana, Saimbeyli, Obruk Saksağan boğazı, 1410 m, 03.VII.2010 (by D. Şirin) and calling song recorded from five males at 28 °C in the field (by D. Şirin).
Ten records from five males were examined. The calling song consists of a series of regular phrases (
Endemic for Central Anatolia and the Black Sea area of Turkey (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Tokat, Çamlıbel Geçidi, 1960 m., 02.VIII.2011 (by M.S. Taylan) and calling song recorded from three males at 30 °C in the field which is type locality of species (by M.S. Taylan).
Six records from three males were examined. The calling song consists of a series of regular phrases (
Endemic for Turkey – East Anatolia (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Elazığ, Keban çıkışı 15 km,
Five records from two males were evaluated. The calling song consists of a series of irregular number of phrases (
Endemic for Turkey – East Anatolia (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Malatya, Yeşilyurt, Gündüzbey–Adıyaman yolu, Bürücek Yaylası,
Eight records from three males were evaluated. The calling song consists of a series of phrases (
Endemic for Turkey – East Anatolia (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Malatya, Doğanşehir, Çığlık, 1791 m, 4.VII.2012 (by D. Şirin & A. Mol), and calling song recorded from one male at 30 °C in the field (by A. Mol).
A total ofsix records from one male were examined. The calling song consists of a series of regular phrases (
Endemic for Turkey – East Anatolia (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Elazığ, Sivrice, Hazarbaba Kayak Merkezi civarı,
Totally five records from two males were examined. The calling song consists of a series of regular phrases (
Endemic for Turkey – North East Anatolia (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Rize, Ovit Dağı, 1600 m, 20.X.2005,
Totally six records from two males were examined. The calling song includes rarely one usually several isolated syllables (
Endemic for Turkey – Southwest Anatolia (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Antalya, Saklıkent, Bakırlıdağ-Pozan arası (It is type locality of species.),
Totally five records from two males were examined. The calling song includes isolated syllables (
Endemic for Turkey – North East Anatolia, East Anatolia (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Erzincan, Kelkit-Pöske yolu, Ahmetli çıkışı, 2016 m, 30.VI.2013,
Totally six records from two males were examined. The calling song includes isolated syllables (
Endemic for Turkey, widespread in central Anatolia (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Tokat, Çamlıbel, Artova yol ayrımı,
Total of five records from two males was examined. The calling song consists of polysyllabic sequences of variable duration (
Endemic for Turkey – central Anatolia (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Ankara, Çubuk-Şabanözü yolu 6 km, Mutlu köyü yolu,
Total of six records from three males was examined. Oscillographic analyses showed that two possibilities (i) each syllable contains three similar elements (usually crescendo) and phrase consists of a great number of them or (ii) there are micro-phrases of three syllables in a crescending sequence and phrase consists of a great number of this micro-phrases (
Anatolia and Rhodos (
Distribution map (
Male specimens collected from Turkey, Antalya, Kemer, Tahtalı Dağları, Gürleyik mevkii,
Total of five records from two males was examined. The calling song consists of regular phrases (
This study is the first one to reveal the descriptions of the acoustic parameters (amplitude-temporal pattern) of 14 endemic and two sub-endemic species in Anatolia. Also, this data could be used as an archive to determine the species in the field (
Genus
The saw-legged bush-crickets are among the largest insect species in the Palaearctic. The range of most species of this genus covers the Balkan Peninsula and Asian Turkey (
However, though in
Our special thanks go to Elife Zerrin BAGCI, Nadim YILMAZER, Levent CAN and Behiye Banu BİLGEN and Petru GOLBAN from Namik Kemal Universityfor their valuable comments on manuscript and improving the English of the manuscript. We also thank to three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. This study was supported by Namik Kemal University and Aksaray University.