Corresponding author: Bolívar R. Garcete-Barrett (
Academic editor: M. Engel
An identification table and descriptions are given to recognize the two species of
The species of
Willink (1970) separated seven species groups (
This paper is mostly based on material deposited in the entomological collection of the Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná (DZUP) and some additional material including the types of
A few abbreviations have been used in the descriptions: F, T and S accompanied by a number refer to antennal flagellomeres and metasomal terga and sterna respectively.
The Brazilian
Separation of the species.
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1) Pronotum visibly bent longitudinally along the humeral region and humeral angle marked as seen in posterior oblique view. | 1) Pronotum gently rounded longitudinally along the humeral region, without a well-marked humeral angle as seen in posterior oblique view. |
2) T1 shorter: 0.88 times as broad as long in females and with a slightly shorter petiole (ratio of pre-spiracular : post-spiracular section = 7:10), clearly campanulated in males. | 2) T1 longer: 0.73 times as broad as long in females and with a slightly longer petiole (ratio of pre-spiracular : post-spiracular section = 8:10), more gradually widening behind in males. |
3) Mesonotal admedial line a narrow shallow depression. | 3) Mesonotal admedial line raised into a thin carina. |
4) Propodeum bent along between the lateral and posterior surfaces. | 4) Propodeum rather rounded-off between the lateral and posterior surfaces. |
5) Propodeal concavity with at most some reflective pilosity very close to the submarginal carina as seen from above. | 5) Propodeal concavity covered with reflective pilosity over most of its surface. |
6) Brownish infuscation along costal region of the wing paler basad of pterostigma, brightly amberish there. | 6) Brownish infuscation along costal region dark all along, specially basad of pterostigma. |
7) Metasoma with yellow apical bands, a narrow one on T1 and moderately broad ones on the following terga and sterna. | 7) Metasoma with at most (males) a narrow yellow apical band on T1 and gradually thinner and weaker, medially fainter, bands on T2-T6 and S2-S6, being them thinner and testaceous to absent in females. |
8) Mesosoma all dark in both sexes. | 8) Mesosoma with lemon-yellow (males) to testaceous (females) markings including: hind pronotal margin, upper mesepisternal spot (absent in females examined), scutellar crests, lateral scutellar spots (absent in females examined) and transverse metanotal band. |
9) Females with at most a large dorsal reddish area on all tibiae, and darkly reddish apex of femora. | 9) Females with legs all reddish apically from the apex of femora. |
Clypeus elongate, about 1.23 times longer than broad, with a moderately raised and flattened disc and the apex a little broader than the interantennal distance and subtruncate, very shallowly emarginate between rounded lateral teeth. Temples rounded. Pronotal carina right angled at humeri as seen posterolaterally. Mesonotal admedial line a narrow shallow depression. Parapsidal lines well marked. Notauli well marked along the posterior third. Scutellum slightly tuberculated mesoanteriorly. Propodeum bent along between the lateral and posterior surfaces, sides rather flat as seen from behind. T1 broadly campanulate and with a slightly short petiole (0.88 times as broad as long and ratio of pre-spiracular : post-spiracular section = 7:10).
Clypeus subshining, with moderate micropunctation separated by 2–4 diameters, all covered with sparse and thin macropunctures and just some coarser and denser ones at the apex. Head and mesosoma covered with moderately dense macropunctation which gets absolutely thin and sparse behind the ocelli and is much denser and partly coalescent at the very suprahumeral area. Tegula dull, densely micropunctate and with some scattered thin macropunctures along its inner margin. Metepisternal surface with just very few scattered thin macropunctures and with some short longitudinal striae anteriorly. Propodeum coarsely striatopunctate on its upper half at sides and behind, becoming thinly striate and sparsely macropunctate bellow. Disc of T1 covered with scattered macropunctures. T2-6 and S2-6 dull and with just hardly visible, very scattered microscopic macropunctures.
Whole body covered with pale golden-brown apressed pile. Head, mesosoma, T1, S1 and S2 also with long, pale yellowish-brown, erect hairs. Propodeal concavity with at most some reflective pilosity very close to the submarginal carina as seen from above.
Female habitus in dorsal view.
Male genitalia, showing the right paramere and volsella in lateral inner view to the left, the aedeagus in ventral view at the middle, and the aedeagus in lateral view to the right
8 females and 1 male as follows: BRAZIL: Paraná: 40 km E Palmas,
Unknown.
Clypeus elongate, about 1.25 times longer than broad, with a moderately raised and flattened disc and with the apex hardly broader than the interantennal distance and subtruncate, very shallowly emarginate between rounded lateral teeth. Temples rounded. Pronotal carina rounded off at humeri, not angled at all, as seen posterolaterally. Mesonotal admedial line raised into a thin carina. Parapsidal lines well marked. Notauli well marked along the posterior fourth. Scutellum very slightly elevated mesoanteriorly, but not tuberculate. Propodeum rather rounded-off between the lateral and posterior surfaces, sides gently convex as seen from behind. T1 elongate campanulate, with a slightly longer petiole than in
Clypeus subopaque, with moderate micropunctation separated by 1-3 diameters, all covered with sparse and thin macropunctures and just some coarser and denser ones at the apex. Head and mesosoma covered with moderately dense macropunctation which gets thin and sparse behind the ocelli and are much denser and partly coalescent on the upper pronotal face and an anterolateral area of the mesoscutum. Tegula subshining, moderately micropunctate and with very few scattered thin macropunctures along its inner margin. Metepisternal surface with a number of moderately scattered macropunctures and longitudinally striate on its anterior half. Propodeum coarsely striatopunctate on its upper half behind, sparsely striatopunctate above at sides and becoming thinly striate and sparsely macropunctate bellow. Disc of T1 covered with moderately dense macropunctures. T2-6 and S2-6 dull and with just hardly visible, very scattered microscopic macropunctures.
Whole body covered with brown appressed pile. Head, mesosoma, T1, S1 and S2 also with long, pale yellowish, erect hairs. Propodeal concavity covered with reflective pilosity over most of its surface.
32 females and 2 males as follows: TYPE MATERIAL: PARAGUAY: [Alto Paraná]: “Alto Mondaih” (labeled by Bertoni as “Typus” and with the sequential number 3053, and by Garcete with the sequential number AWB-F129) [1 female LECTOTYPE HERE DESIGNATED: IBNPY]; same locality (labeled by Bertoni with the sequential number 3053 and by Garcete with the sequential numbers AWB-F163, AWB-F164, AWB-F165 and AWB-F146) [4 females PARALECTOTYPES: IBNPY]. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: BRAZIL: Paraná, Guaratuba,
Unknown.
The authors thank the people responsible for the collections under their care for giving us access to the material: Gabriel Melo (DZUP), John Kochalka (IBNPY), and Maria Luisa Buschini and Jucélia Iantas (UNICENTRO). Thanks to James Carpenter for revising an early manuscript of this paper. We also thank the Brazilian Council for Research (CNPq) for the scholarships supporting our work.