Corresponding author: Steven W. Hamilton (
Guest editor: Christy Geraci
Twenty-four new species of the caddisfly genus
Although cosmopolitan,
In this paper we add 24 new species to the list of Brazilian
All material described here is based on pinned specimens, except as noted. While preparation of male genitalia occurred over many years, the procedures for clearing and illustrating the specimens generally followed those presented by
Terminology used in describing male genitalia follows that of
Females that were collected at the same location and date as described males are included in the type series, although the certainty of these associations awaits further investigation. Types are deposited in the collections of the Museo de Zoologia, Universidade do São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP), United States National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC (NMNH), the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (UFRJ), the Universidade Federal do Bahia, Salvador, Brazil (UFBA), and the University of Minnesota Insect Collection, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A. (UMSP), as indicated in the species description. The holotypes of
Eighteen of the 24 new Brazilian species are clearly members of the
In the following descriptions, the first 6 species (
The next 10 species descriptions, also species of the
Of the remaining 8 new Brazilian species, 2 species are clearly members of the
Ongoing investigations by Brazilian researchers and others (e.g.,
Similar to
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6.1–8.8 mm. Body dark brown to black; dorsum of head and thorax dark brown, clothed with long, erect dark setae; base of forewing with long, erect dark setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs dark brown to black.
Male. Genitalia as in
same data as holotype, 7 males (NMNH); Res. Casa Grande, Pedreira, 13.x.1974, Froehlich, 1 male (in alcohol) (NMNH); Res. Casa Grande, Riberão Coruja, 26.i.1974, Froehlich, 1 male, 1 female (in alcohol) (NMNH); Est. Biol. Paranapiacaba, 6.viii. 1963, Froehlich, 1 male (in alcohol) (NMNH); same, except 27.viii.1963, 1 male (in alcohol) (NMNH); Estação Biológica Boraceia, Rio Guaratuba, 23°40.039'S, 45°53.759'W, 775 m, 17.iv.1998, Holzenthal, Melo, Froehlich, 1 male (UMSP); same, except 17.ix.2002, Blahnik, Prather, Melo, Froehlich, Silva, 1 male (UMSP).
Named for Estação Biológica Boraceia, the biological station located on the forested slopes of the Serra do Mar, where the holotype was collected.
As noted in the diagnosis of
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 7.5–8 mm. Body dark brown to black; dorsum of head and thorax black, clothed with long, erect dark setae; base of forewing with long, erect black setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs dark brown to black.
Male. Genitalia as in
Named for the type locality.
Resembling
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 7–7.5 mm. Body black; dorsum of head and thorax black, clothed with long, black setae; base of forewing with long, erect black setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs dark brown to black.
Male. Genitalia as in
Named for the great Brazilian aquatic entomologist, Dr. Claudio G. Froehlich, University of São Paulo, in recognition of his lifelong study of the aquatic insects of Brazil.
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6 mm. Body brown; dorsum of head and thorax brown; legs stramineous.
Male. Genitalia as in
From the Greek
Among the 6 new species in the
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 7–8 mm. Body dark brown to black; dorsum of head and thorax black, clothed with long, black setae; base of forewing with long, erect black setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs dark brown to black.
Male. Genitalia as in
same data as holotype, 2 males, 1 female (UMSP), 1 female (MZUSP);
Named for the type locality, a river flowing through the lush Atlantic forest of the Serra da Graciosa, Paraná, Brazil.
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 7 mm. Body dark brown; dorsum of head and thorax dark brown, clothed with long, erect dark setae; base of forewing with long, erect dark setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs dark brown to black.
Male. Genitalia as in
same data as holotype, 1 female (MZUSP).
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6.5–7.5 mm. Body dark brown to black; dorsum of head and thorax black, clothed with long, black setae; base of forewing with long, erect black setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs dark brown to black.
Male. Genitalia as in
same data as holotype, 5 males, 2 females (NMNH);
The word
In lateral aspect, this species most closely resembles
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6–6.5 mm. Body brown to dark brown; dorsum of head and thorax dark brown, clothed with long, erect dark setae; base of forewing with long, erect dark setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine brown setae, lacking patches of pale setae (in alcohol); legs brown.
Male. Genitalia as in
Named for the small stream in the ecological station of the same name, known for harboring an endemic species of onychophoran,
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6–7 mm. Body dark brown to black; dorsum of head and thorax black, clothed with long, erect dark setae; base of forewing with long, erect black setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs dark brown to black.
Male. Genitalia as in
Named for Dr. Sonia N. Lazzari, professor of entomology at the Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, in appreciation of her help and friendship during the junior author’s studies in Brazil.
Very similar to
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6.6–7.6 mm. Body dark brown to black; dorsum of head and thorax black, clothed with long, black setae; base of forewing with long, erect black setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs brown.
Male. Genitalia as in
From the Latin
Similar to
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6.4–8.2 mm. Body dark brown; dorsum of head and thorax black; general vestiture of forewing with fine brown setae (in alcohol); legs brown.
Male. Genitalia as in
The name
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 5.4–6.7 mm. Body dark brown to black; general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs brown.
Male. Genitalia as in
same data as holotype, 3 males, 1 female; same, except 25.iv.1977, 1 female; Rio de Janeiro: Cachoeiras de Macacu, 800 m, 15.x.1985, Miller, 1 male (NMNH); Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, Guapimirim, Trilha das Ruínas, 22°29.679'S, 42°59.729'W, 940 m, 28.ii.2002, Blahnik & Paprocki, 2 males (in alcohol) (UMSP).
Named with affection for Mrs. Carol Flint in honor of her numerous and important collections of Trichoptera made over many years across Latin America.
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6–6.5 mm. Body dark brown to black; dorsum of head and thorax black, clothed with long, erect dark setae; base of forewing with long, erect black setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs dark brown to black.
Male. Genitalia as in
same data as holotype, 2 males, 2 females (UMSP);
From
Most similar to
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6–6.5 mm. Body dark brown; dorsum of head and thorax black, clothed with long, erect dark setae; base of forewing with long, erect black setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs dark brown to black.
Male. Genitalia as in
same data as holotype, 1 female (MZUSP); Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Rio Campo Belo, trail to Véu da Noiva, 22°25.706'S, 44°37.171'W, 1310 m, 5.iii.2002, Holzenthal, Blahnik, Paprocki, Prather, 1 male, 1 female (UFRJ); Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Rio Campo Belo, 22°27.033'S, 44°36.818'W, 1300 m, 7.iii.2002, Holzenthal, Blahnik, Paprocki, Prather, 5 males, 2 females (UMSP);
Named for Parque Nacional Itatiaia where the type specimens were collected.
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 5.5–6.5 mm. Body dark brown; dorsum of head and thorax black, clothed with long, erect dark setae; base of forewing with long, erect dark setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs brown.
Male. Genitalia as in
Named for the central Espirito Santo town of Santa Teresa near which this species was collected.
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 5.5–7 mm. Body dark brown to black; dorsum of head and thorax black, clothed with long, black setae; base of forewing with long, erect black setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine black setae, lacking patches of pale setae; legs dark brown to black.
Male. Genitalia as in
Named with affection for Virgina Braga, in recognition for her many years of friendship with the junior author and his family.
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 5.8–7.0 mm. Body brown to dark brown; dorsum of head and thorax dark brown, clothed with long, erect dark setae; base of forewing with long, erect dark setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine brown setae, lacking patches of pale setae (in alcohol); legs brown.
Male. Genitalia as in
Named for Serra do Cipó, the mountain range where the species was collected.
A member of the
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 5.5 mm. Body pale brown to yellow; dorsum of head and thorax brown, clothed with long, erect brown setae; base of forewing with long, erect black setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine brown setae and many patches of pale setae scattered over surface; legs stramineous.
Male. Genitalia as in
Diminutive form of the Latin word for wart, in reference to the wart-like structure on the preanal appendage.
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6.5 mm. Body brown; dorsum of head and thorax brown, clothed with long, erect dark setae; base of forewing with long, erect dark setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine brown setae (in alcohol); legs brown.
Male. Genitalia as in
From the Latin words
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 6.5 mm. Body brown; dorsum of head and thorax brown, clothed with long, erect brown setae; base of forewing with long, erect brown setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine brown setae and many patches of pale setae scattered over surface; legs stramineous.
Male. Genitalia as in
Named with great honor for the late Dr. Rosalys Guahyba, whose friendship and help were instrumental in advancing our study of the Brazilian caddisfly fauna.
This new species is similar to
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 5.7–6.6 mm. Body pale brown to yellow; dorsum of head and thorax brown; with long, erect setae, area of long, pale setae on vertex of head, darker on thorax; base of forewing with long, erect dark setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine brown setae and many patches of pale setae scattered over surface; legs brown.
Male. Genitalia as in
From the Greek
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 5 mm. Body brown to dark brown; dorsum of head and thorax brown, clothed with long, erect brown setae; base of forewing with long, erect brown setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine brown setae and many patches of pale setae scattered over surface; legs stramineous.
Male. Genitalia as in
same data as holotype, 2 males (UMSP).
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 5.5–5.8 mm. Body brown; dorsum of head and thorax dark brown; forewings nearly denuded, membrane pale brown with white areas at
Male. Genitalia as in
same data as holotype, 1 male (NMNH).
The holotype and the paratype were sent to the senior author by Luiz S. W. Terra, Estacao Aquicola, Vila do Conde, Portugal.
Latin for rare, uncommon, or unusual, in reference to our knowledge of only 2 specimens.
Adult. Length of forewing (male) 5–5.5 mm. Body brown; dorsum of head and thorax brown, clothed with long, erect brown setae; base of forewing with long, erect brown setae, general vestiture of forewing with fine brown setae and many patches of pale setae scattered over surface; legs stramineous.
Male. Genitalia as in
Named in honor of the collector, Dr. Henrique Paprocki, professor of biology at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; in recognition of his contribution to our knowledge of Brazilian caddisflies.
This work represents many years of work beginning with species described in the dissertation of the senior author and continuing to the present in the Neotropical caddisfly research at the University of Minnesota. As such, many people have contributed during the many manifestations of this project. For the species described in the senior author’s dissertation, we acknowledge the substantial assistance and hospitality of Oliver S. Flint, Jr. and his wife Carol who collected and gathered many of the specimens as well as giving openly of their home during visits to the National Museum of Natural History. Also greatly appreciated is the support and encouragement provide by John C. Morse during the development, research, and writing of the dissertation by the senior author while at Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina.
Assistance in the field and in the museum was rendered by Marcelo Amarante, Roger Blahnik, Virginia Braga, Adolfo Calor, Claudio Froehlich, Henrique Paprocki, Aysha Prather, and Adriano Sanches Melo. We particularly appreciate the efforts of Roger Blahnik who sorted and made preliminary identifications of the more recently collected material.
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. DEB 9971885 and 0117772. Additional support for travel of the senior author during the development of the manuscript was provided by the Center of Excellence for Field Biology at Austin Peay State University.