Corresponding authors: Xin Xu (
Academic editor: I. Agnarsson
A species of the genus
Xu X, Xu C, Li F, Pham DS, Li D (2017) Trapdoor spiders of the genus
The mygalomorph family
Despite being present across much of the world,
Despite being a small genus,
Specimens were studied using an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope. Anatomical details were examined and photographed with on Olympus BX51 compound microscope and a Canon 7D camera. Genitalia were cleared in boiling KOH for a few minutes to dissolve soft tissues. All the specimens were deposited at the Centre for Behavioural Ecology and Evolution
Abbreviations used:
anterior lateral eye
anterior median eye
posterior lateral eye
posterior median eye
median ocular area
posterior median spinneret
posterior lateral spinneret
The genus
Female (XUC-2013-013), Mt. Nan, Ciping Town, Jinggangshan City, Jiangxi Province, China,
Female (XUC-2013-013). Total length, including chelicerae, 14.00; carapace 6.50 long, 5.40 wide; abdomen 6.50 long, 9.30 wide. Carapace red-brown and smooth, with a few marginal hairs in the front of ocular area, four long bent bristles in longitudinal row running through ocular area, the posterior two bristles have been damaged (Fig.
Legs yellow-brown. Tibiae and tarsi of pedipalps, and distal three segments of legs I and II with numerous horn-like spines, metatarsus III with a few short dorsal and two ventrally spines, tarsus III with a few dark spines prolaterally and ventrally. Legs each with three tarsal claws, paired claws with a single large tooth, unpaired claw lacking tooth. Palp with a single claw bearing one tooth. Measurements: palp 10.06 (4.00 + 2.10 + 2.30 + 2.20), leg I 11.00 (4.20 + 1.60 + 2.50 + 1.50 + 1.20), leg II 8.60 (3.20 + 1.40 + 1.50 + 1.40 + 1.10), leg III 8.50 (3.50 + 1.30 + 1.20 + 1.00 + 1.50), leg IV 12.20 (4.00 + 2.60 + 2.10 + 2.00 + 1.50). Formula: 4123.
Abdomen funnel-shaped and dark yellow-brown (Fig.
China (Fujian, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Sichuan).
Female (17-1-2013), Tam Dao Town, Tam Dao National Park, Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam,
Females of
Female. Total length, including chelicerae, 17.10–30.20; chelicerae 2.60–4.90 long; carapace 7.50–14.50 long, 6.71–12.50 wide; abdomen 9.30–11.60 long, 12.20–18.50 wide. Carapace red-brown and smooth, with a few marginal hairs and a long bristle in front of ocular area, six long bent bristles in longitudinal row and two bristles in latitudinal running through ocular area (Fig.
Legs yellow-brown. Tibiae and tarsi of pedipalps, and distal three segments of legs I and II with numerous horn-like spines, metatarsus III with a few short dorsal and ventrally spines, tarsus III with a few dark spines prolaterally and ventrally. Legs each with 3 tarsal claws, paired claws with a single large tooth, unpaired claw lacking tooth. Palp with a single claw bearing one tooth. Measurements: palp 12.10 (4.20 + 1.80 + 3.10 + 3.00), leg I 14.00 (5.00 + 2.00 + 3.00 + 2.00 + 2.00), leg II 11.20 (4.10 + 2.00 + 2.00 + 1.50 + 1.60), leg III 11.00 (4.10 + 1.00 + 2.20 + 1.70 + 2.00), leg IV 15.20 (5.00 + 3.00 + 2.50 + 2.50 + 2.20). Formula: 4123.
Abdomen funnel-shaped and dark yellow-brown (Fig.
China (Guangxi, Yunnan), Vietnam (Vinh Phuc, Ninh Binh).
Female (C-XUX-2015), Mt. Fanjing, Taiping Town, Jiangkou County, Tongren City, Guizhou Province, China,
The specific name is taken from the family name of the collector Fengxiang Liu, who joined all collecting trips and has worked on spiders for a few decades.
Female of
Total length, including chelicerae, 22.50; chelicerae 3.40 long; carapace 9.70 long, 8.00 wide; abdomen 11.50 long, 14.20 wide. Carapace dark brown and smooth, with a few marginal hairs and a long bristle in the front of ocular area, three long bent bristles in longitudinal row running through ocular area (Fig.
Legs brown. Tibiae and tarsi of pedipalps, and distal three segments of legs I and II with numerous horn-like spines, metatarsus III with a few short dorsal ventrally spines, tarsus III with a few dark spines prolaterally and ventrally. Legs each with three tarsal claws, paired claws with a single large tooth, unpaired claw lacking tooth. Palp with a single claw bearing one tooth. Measurements: palp 14.50 (5.60 + 2.30 + 3.00 + 3.60), leg I 17.50 (6.00 + 3.00 + 3.70 + 2.80 + 2.00), leg II 14.40 (5.10 + 2.30 + 3.00 + 2.20 + 1.80), leg III 14.80 (5.20 + 3.00 + 2.30 + 2.20 + 2.10), leg IV 17.70 (5.50 + 3.20 + 3.50 + 3.10 + 2.40). Formula: 4132.
Abdomen funnel-shaped and dark brown. Caudal disc slightly convex (Fig.
Male. Unknown.
China (Guizhou).
This study was supported by the grants from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (NSFC-31601850 and NSFC-31272324) and the Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE) AcRF Tier 1 grant (R-154-000-638-112). We value the positive feedback from Hirotsugu Ono and Vera Opatova and thank them for their insightful and constructive comments on the manuscript. We are grateful to Ziqi Li, Mu Yan, Zengtao Zhang, and Shuaifu Peng for their field work. We also thank the staff of the Centre for Behavioural Ecology and Evolution (