Taiwan is situated in the northwestern Pacific Ocean and is surrounded by the South China Sea, the Okinawa Trough, and the Taiwan Strait. The region has a remarkably high fish diversity, comprising more than 3,400 species, which is approximately 1/10 of the world's total fish species. Over the past two decades, significant research efforts have been dedicated to the study of fish diversity and taxonomy in Taiwan, with a particular focus on Chondrichthyes, eels (Anguilliformes), and various deep-sea fish species.

These research endeavors have resulted in several major publications, including special issues:

1.      Systematics and biodiversity of sharks, rays, and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of Taiwan,edited by M.R. DE CARVALHO, D.A. EBERT, H.-C. HO, W.T. WHITE.

2.      Systematics and biodiversity of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) of Taiwan, edited by H.-C. HO, D.G. SMITH, J.E. MCCOSKER, W. HOLLEMAN

3.      Systematics and biodiversity of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) of Taiwan (II), edited by H.-C. HO, W. HOLLEMAN, E.J. HILTON, D.G. SMITH, J. McCOSKER

4.      Study on the fish taxonomy and diversity of Taiwan, edited by H.-C. HO, K. KOEDA, E.J. HILTON

5.      Special Volume of Marine and Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation, By Y.-T. SHAO, H.-C. HO, C.-H. YANG, I.-S. CHEN.

Over the past two decades, more than 200 new fish species have been described in Taiwan, and a few hundred new records have been added to the Taiwanese fish fauna. These findings have significantly enhanced our understanding of the fish species in Taiwan.

In this special issue, we invite all researchers who have been studying the fishes from Taiwan and adjacent and would like to contribute their new findings. All kind of fish diversity or taxonomy manuscripts are welcome and will be reviewed by experts before being included in this special issue.