Sinocoelotes hehuaensis sp. n.

The generic name is derived from its similarity to Coelotes and the Latin adjective Sino- for “Chinese” referring to the main distribution region of the genus. The gender is masculine.

Sinocoelotes gen. n. is similar to Coelotes. Males of new genus can be distinguished from those of Coelotes by the longer and slenderer conductor (about 1/2 length of cymbium, while in Coelotes the conductor is broad, less than 1/4 length of cymbium in length, and with blunt tip, see Fig. 1), the shorter and truncated patellar apophysis with a blackened apex, while in Coelotes the patellar apophysis is longer than patella, and usually with a ventral part extending longer than dorsal part (see Fig. 1), the short LTA (less than 1/6 length of RTA) (cf. Figs 7A–C and 1A–C). Females of Sinocoelotes gen. n. can be distinguished from those of Coelotes by the longer copulatory ducts, about 1/2 length of vulva (while in Coelotes they are very short or even absent, Fig. 2A–B), the shorter spermathecae (about 1/2 length of epigyne), which can be divided into two parts: anterior part and posterior part (while Coelotes has spermathecae subequal to the length of epigyne, and usually S-shaped), and by the oval or finger-like spermathecal heads (while in Coelotes spermathecal heads are short, rounded and situated at the anterior part of epigyne) (cf. Figs 8A–B and 2A–B).

Figure 1. 

Male palp of Coelotes pickardi tirolensis, from Italy. A Prolateral B Ventral C Retrolateral. Scale bar: equal for A, B and C.

Figure 2. 

Epigyne and habitus of Coelotes pickardi tirolensis, from Italy. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bars: equal for A and B; equal for D and E.

Small to medium-sized, with a total length of 5–14 mm, the body brown to dark brown. Carapace narrowed in ocular area, sparsely covered with black setae, and thoracic region with longitudinal fovea and radial groove; sternum usually heart-shaped. Abdomen brown to dark brown, heavily covered with short setae; dorsum with many black irregular patches and five grey chevron-like markings, the antero-median part with one cardiac pattern, and posterior part with dark maculation. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal and 3 or 4 retromarginal teeth. Male palp with one patellar apophysis and two tibial apophyses (RTA and LTA), the patellar apophysis broad and long, its apex blackened and truncated; RTA long and broad, extending beyond distal margin of tibia, subequal to the length of tibia, and with blunt tip; LTA short; cymbium crescent-shaped, the tip long, about 1/3 length of cymbium; cymbial furrow short, less than 1/4 of the cymbium; tegulum slender, and visible part very small; conductor slender, tapered, and it’s apex not close to the tegulum; median apophysis present, spoon-like; dorsal conductor apophysis well developed. Epigyne with large atrium (occupying about 1/4 of epigynal plate square); epigynal teeth present, long or short, located medially in comparison to epigynal plate height or antero-medially; spermathecae usually long and convoluted, subdivided in 2 parts: anterior and posterior; anterior part of spermathecae broad, posterior part thinner and strongly convoluted, anterior part usually larger than posterior part; spermathecal heads located at the border between anterior part of spermathecae and copulatory ducts; copulatory ducts broad, arc-shaped, situated anteriorly, connected to each other at basal part, and separated about its length at terminal part.

In addition to morphological study, we analyzed the relationships of coelotine spiders based on molecular data (8 genes, ~ 6.5 kb) on 18 genera and 286 coelotine species. The molecular analyses (in progress) support Sinocoelotes gen. n. as monophyletic.

So far the genus is known only from China and Thailand (Fig. 21).

1♀: China: Yunnan Province: Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture: Lushui County, road from Liuku to Pianma Town, N26°00'09", E98°39'33", 2422 m, 7.XII.2013, Y. Li and J. Liu.

The female is similar to S. hehuaensis sp. n., but can be easily distinguished from it by the longer epigynal teeth (three times longer than in S. hehuaensis sp. n.), the different shape of atrium (anterior part much broader than posterior part in this species, but inverted U-shaped in S. hehuaensis sp. n.), and the broader and membranous copulatory ducts (which are slender and sclerotized in S. hehuaensis sp. n.) (cf. Figs 3A–B and 8A–B).

Figure 3. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes acicularis. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Female habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, ventral E Female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for C, D and E.

Described by Wang et al. (2009).

The species shares a combination of somatic morphology characters with S. hehuaensis sp. n., and therefore we transfer it to Sinocoelotes gen. n. The molecular analysis supports this transfer.

China (Yunnan) (Fig. 21).

Holotype ♀: China: Yunnan Province: Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture: Xiaguan Town, Hehua Village, Cangshan Mountain, Baolinjing valley, N25°36'27", E100°11'18", 2307 m, 20.XI.2013, Y. Li and J. Liu.

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

The female can be easily distinguished from other Sinocoelotes gen. n. species by the long and broad epigynal teeth (subequal to the atrial length), the broad anterior part of spermathecae (occupying 1/4 of epigyne plate square, and about five times of the posterior part of spermathecae in this species, but occupying less than 1/5 epigyne plate square in other species), anterior part of spermathecae touching each other (only part of SA touching each other in S. hehuaensis sp. n. and S. mangbangensis sp. n.; part of SP touching each other in S. luoshuiensis sp. n. and S. pseudoterrestris comb. n.; separated from each other in other species), and the short, laterally located spermathecal heads (laterally located but long in S. acicularis comb. n., S. kangdingensis sp. n. and S. mahuanggouensis sp. n.; medially located in other species) (Fig. 4A–B).

Figure 4. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes cangshanensis sp. n., holotype. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Female habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, ventral E Female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for C, D and E.

Female. Total length 9.82. Carapace 4.50 long, 3.04 wide. Abdomen 5.32 long, 3.76 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.22, PME 0.18, PLE 0.21; AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.04, PME-PME 0.13, PME-PLE 0.22. Leg measurements: I 11.50 (3.35, 3.45, 2.75, 1.95); II 12.24 (3.20, 4.16, 3.12, 1.76); III 10.84 (2.88 3.28, 2.88, 1.80); IV 14.57 (3.92, 4.10, 4.23, 2.32). Chelicerae with four retromarginal teeth. Epigyne: atrium small, occupying 1/6 of epigynal plate square, narrowing at the middle part; teeth long, broad, located anteriorly, close to atrial anterior margin, and their length subequal to atrial length, width subequal to atrium width; spermathecae contiguous with each other, anterior part of spermathecae broad; posterior part of spermathecae about four times thinner than the anterior part; spermathecal heads small, located laterally; copulatory openings hidden in anterior part of atrium; copulatory ducts membranous, anterior parts separated from each other by 0.3 length, posterior part separated by approximately 1.5 times length, copulatory duct first goes anteriorly, and then posteriorly (Fig. 4A–B).

Male. Unknown.

Known only from the type locality (Fig. 21).

1♀: China: Yunnan Province: Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture: Mengla County, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve, N21°37'55", E101°12'25", 665 m, 3.VII.2013, Q. Zhao and Z. Chen.

The female is similar to S. hehuaensis sp. n., but can be easily distinguished from it by the longer and slenderer epigynal teeth (twice as long as in S. hehuaensis sp. n.), the broader, shorter and laterally originating spermathecal heads (twice as long as S. forficatus and medially originating in S. hehuaensis sp. n.), and the slenderer, longer and inverted U-shaped copulatory ducts (cf. Figs 5A–B and 8A–B).

Figure 5. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes forficatus. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Female habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, ventral E Female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for A and B; equal for C, D and E.

The species shares a combination of somatic morphology characters with S. hehuaensis sp. n., and therefore we assigned it to Sinocoelotes gen. n. The molecular analysis supports this transfer.

Described by Liu and Li (2010).

China (Yunnan) (Fig. 21).

1♀: China: Yunnan Province: Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture: Xiaguan Town, the south shore of Erhai Lake, Tuanshan Park, N25°36'27", E100°14'39", 1992 m, 19.XI.2013, Y. Li and J. Liu.

The female can be easily distinguished from all other Sinocoelotes gen. n. species by the broad atrium, the long, with blunt tip and anteriorly situated epigynal teeth (long, anteriorly situated, but with pointed tip in S. kangdingensis sp. n., S. ludingensis sp. n. and S. luoshuiensis sp. n.; long, with blunt tip, but not anteriorly located in S. acicularis comb. n. and S. cangshanensis sp. n.; short, less than 1/2 length of S. guangxian comb. n. in other species), the short spermathecae (anterior part is smaller than posterior part), and the broad copulatory ducts (occupying 1/2 of epigynal plate) (Fig. 6A–B).

Figure 6. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes guangxian. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Female habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, ventral E Female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for A and B; equal for C, D and E.

See Zhang et al. (2003).

The species shares a combination of somatic morphology characters with S. hehuaensis sp. n., and therefore was assigned to Sinocoelotes gen. n. The molecular analysis supports the transfer.

China (Yunnan) (Fig. 21).

Holotype ♂: China: Yunnan Province: Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture: Xiaguan Town, Hehua Village, Cangshan Mountain, Baolinjing Valley, N25°36'27", E100°11'18", 2307 m, 20.XI.2013, Y. Li and J. Liu. Paratype: 1♀, same data as holotype.

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

The male can be easily distinguished from other Sinocoelotes gen. n. species by the longer peg-shaped conductor (about 1/2 length of cymbium; less than 1/3 length of cymbium in S. ludingensis sp. n., S. thailandensis; bended in S. yanyuanensis sp. n.), the longer patellar apophysis (subequal to the length of patella in S. hehuaensis sp. n., shorter than the length of patella in other species), the larger and subtriangular dorsal conductor apophysis (large, but with blunt tip in S. thailandensis; less than 1/3 length and 1/2 width of S. hehuaensis in other species) (cf. Figs 7A–C, 10A–C, 18A–C and 20A–C). The female is similar to S. cangshanensis sp. n. but can be distinguished from it by the shorter epigynal teeth (less than 1/3 length of the teeth in S. cangshanensis sp. n.), the broader copulatory ducts (two times wider than in S. cangshanensis sp. n.), and the longer spermathecal heads (twice as long as in S. cangshanensis sp. n.) (cf. Figs 8A–B; and 4A–B).

Figure 7. 

Male palp of Sinocoelotes hehuaensis sp. n., holotype. A Prolateral B Ventral C Retrolateral. Scale bar: equal for A, B and C.

Figure 8. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes hehuaensis sp. n., holotype and paratype. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bars: equal for D and E.

Male. Total length 7.04. Carapace 3.60 long, 2.76 wide. Abdomen 3.44 long, 2.00 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.20, PME 0.19, PLE 0.17; AME-AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.03, PME-PME 0.10, PME-PLE 0.13. Leg measurements: I 14.40 (3.92, 4.48, 3.64, 2.36); II 12.60 (3.48, 4.00, 3.20, 1.92); III 11.33 (3.28, 3.40, 3.02, 1.63); IV 15.23 (4.10, 4.50, 4.48, 2.15). Chelicerae with four retromarginal teeth. Palp: patellar apophysis long, subequal to the length of patella; RTA broad, extending beyond the tibia; LTA short, less than 1/5 length of RTA; cymbial furrow short, about 1/6 length of cymbium; conductor long, slender, peg-shaped in ventral view, subequal to 1/2 length of cymbium; dorsal conductor apophysis broad, the visible part (between conductor and tegulum) subtriangular; embolus beginning at seven o’clock position (Fig. 7A–C).

Female. Total length 13.20. Carapace 6.02 long, 4.49 wide. Abdomen 7.18 long, 5.26 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.29, PME 0.23, PLE 0.27; AME-AME 0.15, AME-ALE 0.04, PME-PME 0.24, PME-PLE 0.29. Leg measurements: I 16.83 (4.49, 5.76, 4.04, 2.54); II 15.13 (4.36, 5.06, 3.53, 2.18); III 13.99 (3.92, 4.49, 3.52, 2.06); IV 17.69 (4.95, 5.78, 4.68, 2.28). Chelicerae as in male. Epigyne: teeth short, subtriangular, located at posterior 1/2 of epigyne; copulatory ducts broad, long, sclerotized, anterior part connected to each other, and it about half of vulval length, almost as wide as spermathecae; spermathecae short and convoluted; anterior part touching each other, posterior part about 1/3 length of anterior part; spermathecal heads long, stick-shaped, twice longer than their width, originating from middle of anterior spermathecae (Fig. 8A–B).

Known only from the type locality (Fig. 21).

Holotype ♀: China: Sichuan Province: Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture: Kangding County, foothills of Paoma Mountain, N30°02'50", E101°58'08", 2900 m, 12.X.2005, X. Zhang and X. Xu.

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

The female is similar to that of S. cangshanensis sp. n., but can be distinguished from it by the slenderer epigynal teeth (about 1/2 width of S. cangshanensis sp. n.), the broader SA, the thinner PA, the ratio between two parts of spermathecae (the PA subequal to the SA in S. kangdingensis sp. n., but PA just about 1/4 of the SA in S. cangshanensis sp. n.) (cf. Figs 9A–B and 2A–B), the well sclerotized copulatory ducts (Fig. 9A–B).

Figure 9. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes kangdingensis sp. n., holotype. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Female habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, ventral E Female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for A, B; equal for C, D and E.

Female. Total length 8.20. Carapace 3.80 long, 2.65 wide. Abdomen 4.40 long, 2.95 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE 0.20, PME 0.15, PLE 0.19; AME-AME 0.10, AME-ALE 0.05, PME-PME 0.11, PME-PLE 0.17. Leg measurements: I 9.72 (2.72, 3.28, 2.28, 1.44); II 8.69 (2.50, 2.81, 2.13, 1.25); III 8.06 (2.25, 2.59, 2.07, 1.15); IV 10.76 (2.96, 3.52, 2.96, 1.32). Chelicerae with three retromarginal teeth. Epigyne: atrium small, almost rectanguala, posterior part slightly wider than anterior part, about 1/3 width and 1/2 length of epigyne, and it occupying about 1/5 of epigyne plate square; teeth broad, long, subequal to the length of atrium, located anteriorly; spermathecae separated from each other, anterior part by spermathecal width, and posterior part by 1/4 spermathecal width, posterior part subequal to the anterior part; spermathecal heads broad, short, located laterally; copulatory ducts short, slightly sclerotized, semitransparent, terminal parts leading to copulatory opening almost reduced (Fig. 9A–B).

Male. Unknown.

Known only from the type locality (Fig. 21).

Holotype ♂: China: Sichuan Province: Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture: Luding County, the road from Moxi Town to Yajiageng, N29°46'31", E102°03'34", 2412 m, 10.X.2005, X. Zhang and X. Xu. Paratype: 1♀, same data as holotype.

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

The male is similar to that of S. hehuaensis sp. n., but can be distinguished from it by the slenderer conductor, with the hook-like apex (conductor peg-shaped in S. hehuaensis sp. n.), the smaller dorsal conductor apophysis (about 1/2 width and 1/3 length of S. hehuaensis sp. n.) (cf. Figs 10A–C and 7A–C). The female is similar to that of S. kangdingensis sp. n., but can be distinguished from it by the shape of atrium, anterior part wider than posterior part in S. ludingensis sp. n. (anterior part narrower than posterior part in S. kangdingensis sp. n.), the broader copulatory ducts, the longer (twice as long as S. kangdingensis sp. n.) and medially originating spermathecal heads (laterally originating in S. kangdingensis sp. n.) (cf. Figs 11A–B and 9A–B).

Figure 10. 

Male palp of Sinocoelotes ludingensis sp. n., holotype. A Prolateral B Ventral C Retrolateral. Scale bar: equal for A, B and C.

Figure 11. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes ludingensis sp. n., holotype and paratype. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bars: equal for D and E.

Male. Total length 7.12. Carapace 3.40 long, 2.40 wide. Abdomen 3.72 long, 2.20 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE 0.20, PME 0.19, PLE0.16; AME-AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.03, PME-PME 0.09, PME-PLE 0.12. Leg measurements: I 11.04 (3.08, 3.48, 2.80, 1.68); II 9.66 (2.82, 3.13, 2.23, 1.48); III 8.82 (2.60 2.50, 2.47, 1.25); IV 12.19 (3.36, 3.76, 3.48, 1.59). Chelicerae with four retromarginal teeth. Palp: patellar apophysis short, about 1/2 of patella; RTA broad and long, subequal to the length of tibia; LTA short, less than 1/6 length of RTA; cymbial furrow short, about 1/5 length of cymbium; conductor long, slender, and apex hook-like; median apophysis spoon-like; dorsal conductor apophysis broad, the visible part (between conductor and tegulum) finger-like; embolus beginning at seven o’clock position (Fig. 10A–C).

Female. Total length 6.76. Carapace 3.44 long, 2.36 wide. Abdomen 3.32 long, 2.00 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE 0.21, PME 0.14, PLE 0.16; AME-AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.04, PME-PME 0.13, PME-PLE 0.16. Leg measurements: I 8.90 (2.52, 2.95, 2.08, 1.35); II 7.81 (2.28, 2.50, 1.81, 1.22); III 7.16 (2.03, 2.31, 1.84, 0.98); IV 9.66 (2.69, 3.06, 2.66, 1.25). Chelicerae as in male. Epigyne: atrium, trapezoidal, occupying 1/4 of epigynal plate square, narrowing at the posterior part; teeth long, located anterior-laterally, subequal to the atrial length; copulatory ducts membranous, semitransparent, parallel to each other, wider than basal part of spermathecae; spermathecae separated from each other by spermathecal heads’ width, basal part of spermathecae about 1/2 thinner than anterior part; spermathecal heads long, located at mid-anterior of spermathecae (Fig. 11A–B).

Known only from the type locality (Fig. 21).

Holotype ♀: China: Yunnan Province: Tengchong County, Gudong Town, Jiangdong Village, Jiangdong Mountain, Luoshui Cave, N24°58'06", E98°52'06", 1881 m, 26.XI.2013, Y. Li and J. Liu.

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

The female of the new species has uniquely shaped epigyne and can be easily distinguished from all other Sinocoelotes gen. n. species by the broad atrium lacking distinct margins (with distinct anterior and lateral margins in other species), the long and sickle-shaped copulatory ducts, and copulatory ducts span wider than spermathecae, the spermathecal heads short and close to each other (close to each other but five times as long as in S. luoshuiensis sp. n in S. muliensis sp. n., and laterally originating in other species) (Fig. 12A–B).

Figure 12. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes luoshuiensis sp. n., holotype. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Female habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, ventral E Female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for A and B; equal for C, D and E.

Female. Total length 6.48. Carapace 3.28 long, 2.24 wide. Abdomen 3.20 long, 2.21 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.13, ALE 0.19, PME 0.16, PLE 0.17; AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.04, PME-PME 0.08, PME-PLE 0.11. Leg measurements: I 9.59 (2.66, 3.15, 2.22, 1.56); II 8.56 (2.47, 2.78, 2.01, 1.30); III 7.72 (2.15, 2.42, 1.98, 1.17); IV 10.37 (2.81, 3.28, 3.82, 1.46). Chelicerae with four retromarginal teeth. Epigyne: atrium large, about 1/3 of epigynal plate square, without sharp boundary, narrowing at posterior part; teeth long, about 1/2 length of atrium; spermathecae close to each other, posterior part about 1/5 of posterior part; spermathecal heads long, located mesally, close to each other; copulatory ducts long, hook-like (Fig. 12A–B).

Male. Unknown.

Known only from the type locality (Fig. 21).

Holotype ♀: China: Sichuan Province: Baoxing County, Fengtongzhai Nature Reserve, Mahuang valley, under stones, N30°49'27", E102°44'16", 2440 m, 27.IX.2005, X. Zhang and X. Xu.

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

The female can be easily distinguished from other Sinocoelotes gen. n. species by the short, wider than long, triangular epigynal teeth, the pear-shaped atrium, the sickle-shaped copulatory ducts, the long and clavate spermathecal heads (Fig. 13A–B).

Figure 13. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes mahuanggouensis sp. n., holotype. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Female habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, ventral E Female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for A and B; equal for C, D and E.

Female. Total length 11.80. Carapace 5.77 long, 3.97 wide. Abdomen 6.03 long, 3.85 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.26, ALE 0.25, PME 0.21, PLE 0.24; AME-AME 0.11, AME-ALE 0.09, PME-PME 0.23, PME-PLE 0.34. Leg measurements: I 17.56 (4.74, 5.96, 4.17, 2.69); II 15.75 (4.35, 5.19, 3.85, 2.36); III 14.69 (4.05, 4.55, 3.91, 2.18); IV 19.15 (5.13, 6.03, 5.45, 2.54). Chelicerae with three retromarginal teeth. Epigyne: atrium large, occupying 1/3 of epigynal plate square, narrowing posteriorly, pear-shaped; teeth short, wider than long, triangular in shape, located anterio-laterally, widely spaced from atrium; spermathecae close to each other, posterior (basal) part subequal to the anterior part; spermathecal heads long, clavate; copulatory ducts long, broad, crescent-shaped (Fig. 13A–B).

Male. Unknown.

Known only from the type locality (Fig. 21).

Holotype ♀: China: Yunnan Province: Tengchong County, Mangbang Village, N24°58'07", E98°36'48", 2032 m, 23.VI.2013, Z. Zhao and J. Liu.

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

The female is similar to that of S. hehuaensis sp. n., but can be distinguished from it by longer epigynal teeth (twice as long as in S. hehuaensis sp. n.), the broader copulatory ducts, which the posterior part separated from each other further, the slender, laterally and ventrally located spermathecal heads (dorsally situated in S. hehuaensis sp. n.) (cf. Figs 14A–B and 8A–B).

Figure 14. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes mangbangensis sp. n., holotype. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Female habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, ventral E Female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for C, D and E.

Female. Total length 10.12. Carapace 4.94 long, 3.66 wide. Abdomen 5.18 long, 3.10 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.21, ALE 0.29, PME 0.20, PLE 0.24; AME-AME 0.11, AME-ALE 0.05, PME-PME 0.16, PME-PLE 0.28. Leg measurements: I 14.58 (3.96, 4.95, 3.52, 2.15); II 12.81 (3.68, 4.28, 2.97, 1.88); III 11.67 (3.40, 3.72, 2.95, 1.60); IV 13.34 (4.25, 4.98, 4.22, 1.89). Sternum brown (in comparison to previous species) with light median stripe. Chelicerae with four retromarginal teeth. Epigyne: atrium small, about 1/5 of epigynal plate square, narrowing at posteriorly; teeth subtriangular, as wide as long, located laterally, near to atrial anterior margin, subequal to atrial width (narrowest part); spermathecae not spaced, posterior part thinner than posterior one; spermathecal heads long, finger-like, located laterally; copulatory ducts broad, well sclerotized, and anterior part contiguous (Fig. 14A–B).

Male. Unknown.

Known only from the type locality (Fig. 21).

Holotype ♀: China: Sichuan Province: Muli County, N27°54'57", E101°16'20", 2229 m, 13.XI.2013, Y. Li and J. Liu.

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

The female of the new species has uniquely shaped epigyne and can be easily distinguished from all other Sinocoelotes gen. n. species by the anteriorly situated atrium (atrium with distinct anterior margin, but lacking distinct posterior margin, and the posterior part broader than anterior part), the teeth broad and located between two atrial lateral margins, the long and strongly twisted spermathecae, closely spaced, the slender, mesally originating spermathecal heads (which are also mesally originating in S. luoshuiensis sp. n, but are 1/4 length shorter than those in S. muliensis sp. n.; laterally originating in all other species) (Fig. 15A–B).

Figure 15. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes muliensis sp. n., holotype. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Female habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, ventral E Female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for C, D and E.

Female. Total length 5.76. Carapace 2.56 long, 1.72 wide. Abdomen 3.20 long, 1.87 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.16, PME 0.12, PLE 0.13; AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.02, PME-PME 0.08, PME-PLE 0.10. Leg measurements: I: 5.97 (1.73, 2.08, 1.38, 0.78); II: 5.40 (1.62, 1.80, 1.24, 0.74); III: 5.12 (1.50, 1.60, 1.30, 0.72); IV: 7.03 (1.94, 2.31, 1.83, 0.95). Chelicerae with 3 retromarginal teeth. Epigyne: atrium located anteriorly, occupying 1/4 of epigynal plate square, with distinct anterior margin, but lacking distinct posterior margin; teeth broad and long, located on the lateral margins of the atrium; spermathecae narrowly separated from each other, posterior part of spermathecae about 1/4 the anterior part; spermathecal heads slender and long, close to each other; copulatory ducts much thinner than anterior part of spermathecae (wider in some species), short (about 1/3 length of epigyne), membranous (Fig. 15A–B).

Male. Unknown.

Known only from the type locality (Fig. 21).

♀: China: Yunnan Province: Kunming City; Xishan Forest Park, the way to Longmen, in crevices on crags, N24°57'04", E102°38'18", 2437 m, 22.XII.2013, Y. Li and J. Liu.

The female is similar to that of S. mangbangensis sp. n., but can be easily distinguished from it by the longer epigynal teeth (twice as long as in S. mangbangensis sp. n.), the smaller posterior part of spermathecae which is about 1/4 of the anterior part (the posterior part is subequal to the anterior part in S. mangbangensis sp. n.), the laterally situated spermathecal heads (ventrally situated in S. mangbangensis sp. n.), and the membranous copulatory ducts (strongly sclerotized in S. mangbangensis sp. n.) (cf. Figs 16A–B and 14 A–B).

Figure 16. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes pseudoterrestris. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Female habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, ventral E Female habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for A and B; equal for C, D and E.

The species shares a combination of somatic morphology characters with S. hehuaensis sp. n., and therefore was assigned to Sinocoelotes gen. n. The molecular analysis supports the transfer.

Described by Wang (2002).

China (Yunnan) (Fig. 21).

♂: China: Yunnan Province: Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture: Lushui County, Pianma Town, Gaoligong Mountain, N25°58'22", E98°41'02", 3133 m, 8.XII.2013, Y. Li and J. Liu.

The male has uniquely shaped palps, and can be easily distinguished from all other Sinocoelotes gen. n. by the shape of conductor (wave-shaped, broad, and with round-blunt tip in S. pseudoyunnanensis, but slenderer and with pointed tip in other species), the longer LTA (about 1/3 length of RTA in S. pseudoyunnanensis, less than 1/6 length of RTA in other species), the broader patellar apophysis (the terminal part wider than basal part, and the apex subequal to the width of tibia, the terminal part wider than basal part, but the apex about 1/2 width of tibia in S. hehuaensis, the terminal part subequal to, or even slenderer than basal part in other species) (cf. Figs 17A–C and 7A–C, 10A–C, 20A–C).

Figure 17. 

Male palp and habitus of Sinocoelotes pseudoyunnanensis. A Prolateral B Ventral C Retrolateral. D Habitus, dorsal E Habitus, ventral F Habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for A, B and C; equal for D, E and F.

Described by Wang et al. (2009).

The species shares a combination of somatic morphology characters with S. hehuaensis sp. n. and therefore was assigned to Sinocoelotes gen. n. The molecular analysis supports this transfer.

China (Yunnan) (Fig. 21).

1♂2♀: Thailand: Chiangmai Province: Mae Cham District, Jeep tract, N18°31'41", E98°29'58", 1649 m, 14.X.2014, H. Zhao, Y. Li and Z. Chen.

The species is similar to S. hehuaensis sp. n., but male can be easily distinguished by a shorter and broader conductor (about 1/3 length of the conductor in S. hehuaensis sp. n.), the broad and wedge-shaped dorsal conductor apophysis (cf. Figs 18A–C and 7A–C). The female can be distinguished from that of S. hehuaensis sp. n. by the broad (almost round) atrium, the broader and shorter copulatory ducts, the shorter spermathecal heads (about 1/3 length of the spermathecal heads S. hehuaensis sp. n.) (cf. Figs 19A–B and 8A–B).

Figure 18. 

Male palp of Sinocoelotes thailandensis. A Prolateral B Ventral C Retrolateral. Scale bar: equal for A, B and C.

Figure 19. 

Epigyne and habitus of Sinocoelotes thailandensis. A Epigyne, ventral B Vulva, dorsal C Male habitus, dorsal D Female habitus, dorsal E Female habitus, ventral. Scale bars: equal for A and B; equal for C, D and E.

Described by Wang et al. (2009).

The species shares a combination of somatic morphology characters with S. hehuaensis sp. n., and therefore was assigned to Sinocoelotes gen. n. The molecular analysis supports this transfer.

China (Yunnan) (Fig. 21).

Holotype ♂: China: Sichuan Province: Yanyuan County, foot of Bailing Mountain, in the apple garden, N27°24'03", E101°31'47", 2620 m, 15.XI.2013, Y. Li and J. Liu. Paratype: 1 ♂, same data as holotype.

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

The male of the new species has uniquely shaped palps, and can be easily recognized from all other Sinocoelotes gen. n. by the clavate patellar apophysis, and the basal part broader than terminal part (bended and 1.5 times as width as S. yanyuanensis sp. n. in S. thailandensis, basal part equal to or even slenderer than terminal part in other species), the broader and bended conductor in ventral view (wave-shaped in S. pseudoyunnanensis, straight in other species), short cymbial tip about 1/4 length of cymbium (about 1/3 length of cymbium in other species), the smaller visible part of dorsal conductor apophysis (quite distinct in other species) (cf. Figs 20A–C and 7A–C, 10A–C, 17A–C).

Figure 20. 

Male palp and habitus of Sinocoelotes yanyuanensis sp. n., holotype. A Prolateral B Ventral C Retrolateral. D Habitus, dorsal E Habitus, ventral F Habitus, lateral. Scale bars: equal for A, B and C; equal for D, E and F.

Male (holotype): Total length 8.55. Carapace 4.35 long, 2.91 wide. Abdomen 4.20 long, 2.50 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.13, ALE 0.19, PME 0.16, PLE 0.13; AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.04, PME-PME 0.11, PME-PLE 0.19. Leg measurements: I 12.43 (3.40, 4.00, 3.08, 1.95); II 10.80 (2.95, 3.45, 2.65, 1.75); III 10.04 (2.80, 3.16, 2.68, 1.40); IV 13.35 (3.60, 4.25, 3.80, 1.70). Chelicerae with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Palp: patellar apophysis long, subequal to the length of patella, basal part broader than terminal part; LTA short, about1/6 length of RTA; cymbial furrow short, about 1/4 length of cymbium; conductor broader and long, about 1/3 length of cymbium; dorsal conductor apophysis broad, covered mostly by the tegulum and the base of conductor; embolus beginning at 7 o’clock position (Fig. 20A–C).

Female. Unknown.

Known only from the type locality (Fig. 21).

Figure 21. 

Localities of new (green) and earlier described (blue) species of Sinocoelotes gen. n. from China and Thailand. Green: 1 S. cangshanensis sp. n. 2 S. hehuaensis sp. n. 3 S. kangdingensis sp. n. 4 S. ludingensis sp. n. 5 S. luoshuiensis sp. n. 6 S. mahuanggouensis sp. n. 7 S. mangbangensis sp. n. 8 S. muliensis sp. n. 9 S. yanyuanensis sp. n. Blue: 1 S. acicularis 2 S. forficatus 3 S. guangxian 4 S. pseudoterrestris 5 S. pseudoyunnanensis 6 S. thailandensis.