Type material of Platyhelminthes (Monogenoidea) housed in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute/ FIOCRUZ (CHIOC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1979 to 2016

Daniela A. Lopes; Adriana Mainenti; Magda Sanches; Marcelo Knoff; Delir Corrêa-Gomes

doi:10.3897/zookeys.616.8481

Catalogue

Type material of Platyhelminthes (Monogenoidea) housed in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute/ FIOCRUZ (CHIOC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1979 to 2016

Daniela A. Lopes^‡, Adriana Mainenti^‡, Magda Sanches^‡, Marcelo Knoff^‡, Delir Corrêa-Gomes^‡

‡ IOC-FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Corresponding author: Marcelo Knoff ( knoffm@ioc.fiocruz.br )

Academic editor: Fredric Govedich

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Citation: Lopes DA, Mainenti A, Sanches M, Knoff M, Corrêa-Gomes D (2016) Type material of Platyhelminthes (Monogenoidea) housed in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute/ FIOCRUZ (CHIOC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 1979 to 2016. ZooKeys 616: 1-75. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.616.8481

ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5A8C5501-1C4A-4580-91CA-41FFE5879A56

Abstract

A catalogue of type material of monogenoids deposited in the Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ (CHIOC), between 1979 and 2016, is presented, given that the last list of types was produced in 1979. The monogenoid collection comprises type lots for 203 species, distributed across 14 families and 68 genera. Specific names are listed systematically, followed by type host, infection site, type locality, specimens with the collection numbers and references. The classification and the nomenclature of the species have been updated.

Keywords

Catalogue, helminths, holotype, monogenoids, paratype

Introduction

Natural history collections provide important documentary evidence of biodiversity and the information that they contain is very useful. In the case of helminthological collections, the specimens acquired have been a source not only for knowledge of helminth biodiversity, but also for parasitological studies on taxonomy, systematics and identification of causes of zoonoses. The century-old Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ (CHIOC), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, contains helminths that form part of the fauna of Brazil and other countries, from a wide range of hosts that were caught in different biomes. The samples are holotypes, paratypes and representative specimens of Platyhelminthes (Trematoda, Cestoda and Monogenoidea), Acanthocephala, Nematoda and other non-helminth phyla, such as Annelida and Arthropoda. Recently, a large number of species of Monogenoidea were deposited in the CHIOC, which reflects the increased number of taxonomists working on this group in Brazil.

History and composition of the collection

The CHIOC celebrated its centenary in 2013. Its history is intertwined with that of the Laboratory of Helminth Parasites of Vertebrates of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute (LHPV–IOC), which began with the fieldwork of Gomes de Faria and his student Lauro Travassos (Faria and Travassos 1913). The Collection also received important contributions from other researchers at that time and, since then, it has increased in size through incorporation of private and institutional collections of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries (Noronha 2004, Noronha et al. 2004, 2009).

Today, the CHIOC holds around 38.400 samples of helminth parasites from South America and other continents. It is the biggest collection in Latin America and it is among the largest collections at a worldwide reference level (Rego 1982, Knoff et al. 2010), not only because of the number of types, but also because of the number of representative specimens (vouchers) that it contains. The collection has been constantly expanding through the large numbers of deposits made by Brazilian and foreign researchers. Some samples of arthropods (mainly pentastomids) and annelids (parasitic leeches) have also been accepted for inclusion in the collection, thus expanding its original nature of focusing on helminthological parasites of vertebrates, and resulting in a diversified parasitological collection.

All the material is organized according to the lots, which are numbered, recorded in an entry book, and digitized into a database. They are maintained in modern steel sliding closets and in a freezer that maintains some specimens and eggs of Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, 1907 (Trematoda) at -30 °C. Most of the information on the sample collections is available on the CHIOC web page (http://chioc.fiocruz.br/) and through the speciesLink network of the Environmental Information Reference Center (CRIA). Deposits and loans of specimens, permission for visits to examine samples in loco, loans of books and reprints, mini-courses and lectures focusing on the history of the CHIOC, and professional capacitation courses are included among the facilities of this Collection.

The first and only catalogue of the type material held in the CHIOC was published by Rego et al. (1979). They recorded 719 types (only holotypes or type series) of helminths, including 408 of nematodes, 227 of trematodes (Digenea and Monogenoidea), 52 of acanthocephalans, 28 of cestodes and four of pentastomids. Subsequent to this publication, the collection has grown substantially and the number of types has increased significantly as well. The purpose of this article is to inform the scientific community about the acquisitions of the CHIOC by publishing a catalogue of types deposited up to August 1, 2016. Because of the large number of types, we are starting with the species of Monogenoidea. We have followed the articles 73–75 of the Code (ICZN 1999).

Material and methods

The specimens are stored in glass or plastic vials in 70% ethanol or as microscope slide preparations. All the material is available for consultation, but holotypes are not loaned. Unless otherwise stated, all type material is in good condition.

The catalogue is arranged taxonomically as subclasses, families, genera and species, under the original spelling and combinations. Subclasses are arranged following phylogenetic order. Families, genera and species are arranged alphabetically. The information on each entry is presented in the following format:

Original genus-species combination with author(s) and year of publication. Asterisk (*) denotes the type species of the genus.
Type host: species, author(s) and principal taxonomic group in brackets.
Infestation or infection site in the host.
Type locality: country, province or state, department, specific locality and coordinates (if available).
Primary type status: CHIOC catalogue number. The categories for the types used followed articles 73–75 of the Code (ICZN 1999).
Remark sections are inserted when necessary and include additional information about host, locality or status of the types.
References include publications in which the species was described and those that mention type specimens in the CHIOC.

The valid names adopted for parasitized hosts follow the most recent bibliography. Fish names are present in accordance with Froese and Pauly (2016) and turtle names, in accordance with Fritz and Havaš (2007, 2013). Mention of the monogenoids and host species in this list does not imply that the authors of the present report agree with their validity or taxonomy. Some monogenoids species catalogued have been synonymized and the comments about their taxonomy are in the Remarks sections. The higher classification of Monogenoidea follows Boeger and Kritsky (1993), and for families and genera follows specific references.

The following abbreviations are used in the text:

AHC SAMA Australian Helminthological Collection of the South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia

BMNH British Museum of Natural History, Collection at the Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, London, England

CHIOC Helminthological Collection of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

CHMLP Helminthological Collection of the Museum of La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

CNHE National Collection of Helminths, Institute of Biology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico

HWML Harold W. Manter Laboratory, University of Nebraska State Museum, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA

INPA National Institute for Amazon Research, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

IPCAS/IPCR/ASCR Institute of Parasitology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

MNHN National Museum of Natural History, Paris, France

MPEG Invertebrate Collection of the Emílio Goeldi Museum, Belém, Pará, Brazil

MPM Meguro Parasitological Museum, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan

MZUSP Helminthological Collection of the Zoology Museum, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

PC–IBPRAS Parasitological Collection of the Institute of Biology and Pedology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia

QM Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

UNICAMP Collection of the Natural History Museum of the University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

USNM United States National Museum, Beltsville, Maryland, USA

USNPC United States National Parasitological Collection, Beltsville, Maryland, USA

ZIAC Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia

Results and discussion

This database and bibliographic survey presents the diversity of Monogenoidea types in CHIOC, from Brazil and other countries in the world, covering more than 35 years of parasitological studies. This catalogue is the second list of type species held in this Collection. The only previous checklist recorded only 11 type species of monogenoids, without considering paratypes (Rego et al. 1979). Now, there is a total of approximately 1100 primary types of Monogenoidea, represented by 203 species distributed across 14 families and 68 genera. Dactylogyridae is the most representative family, with 141 species, followed by Gyrodactylidae, with 29. These numbers illustrate the importance of the parasitological collection of the CHIOC, which is among the most significant in Latin America, together with other collections in Mexico and Argentina (Lamothe-Argumedo et al. 2010, Tablado and Tricárico 2010, Lunaschi et al. 2012).

It was observed that 93% of the type species of monogenoids catalogued in this Collection were parasites of bony fish. Only 12 species were parasites of cartilaginous fishes (Potamotrygonidae) and two monogenoids were parasites of turtles (Kinosternidae and Chelidae). All those samples were collected mainly in Brazil (95%), from all regions of this country. This situation could be a reflection of the large number of studies carried out on fish from Brazilian rivers and the Atlantic Ocean, and especially, of the increase in knowledge of monogenoids in Brazil that has been achieved since the late 1960s (Cohen et al. 2013).

List of type species

Phylum Platyhelminthes Gegenbaur, 1859

Class Monogenoidea Bychowsky, 1937

Subclass Polyonchoinea Bychowsky, 1937

Capsalidae Baird, 1853

Caballerocotyla Price, 1960

Caballerocotyla lenti Mogrovejo & Santos, 2002

Type host

Auxis thazard (Lacépède, 1800) (Osteichthyes: Scombridae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, coastal zone of Rio de Janeiro State (22°55'S, 40°18'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 34938.

Paratypes

CHIOC 34939, 34940, 34941.

Remarks

The species is referred to as Caballerocotyla magronum (Ishii, 1936) by Cohen et al. (2013). Gibson and Bray (2016) consider the species to be a synonym of Capsala magronum (Ishii, 1936).

References

Mogrovejo and Santos (2002), Gibson and Bray (2016).

Caballerocotyla llewelyni Kohn & Justo, 2006

Dactylogyridae Bychowsky, 1933

Ameloblastella Kritsky, Mendoza-Franco & Scholz, 2000

Ameloblastella paranaensis (França, Isaac, Pavanelli & Takemoto, 2003) Mendoza-Franco & Scholz, 2009

Paratype

CHIOC 33369.

Remarks

Specimen deposited in CHIOC collected from the type host/locality.Holotype deposited in the INPA collection. Other paratypes deposited in HWML. The CHIOC was cited in the original description as one of those collections of deposit, but its number was not informed there.

Reference

Kritsky et al. (1992).

Anacanthorus adkruidenieri Monteiro, Cohen & Brasil-Sato, 2015

Type host

Salminus franciscanus Lima & Britski, 2007 (Osteichthyes: Bryconidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Minas Gerais State, São Francisco River near Três Marias Reservoir (18°12'32"S, 45°15'41"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 38018 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 38017 a–b, 38018 b–e, 38019 a–d, 38020 a–d

Reference

Monteiro et al. (2015).

Anacanthorus alatus Kristky, Boeger & Van Every, 1992

Type host

Triportheus albus Cope, 1872

Infection site

Kristky et al. (1992).

Anacanthorus bicuspidatus Cohen, Kohn & Boeger, 2012

Type host

Salminus brasiliensis (Cuvier, 1816)

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Paraná River, below and above of the reservoir of Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Station, in the locality of Guaíra (24°04'48"S, 54°15'21"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37595.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37587, 37588, 37598 a–b, 37600, 37604, 37612, 37613, 37623, 37631, 37722, 37730.

Reference

Cohen et al. (2012).

Anacanthorus brevicirrus Monteiro, Kritsky & Brasil-Sato, 2010

Type host

Brycon orthotaenia (Günther, 1864) (Osteichthyes: Bryconidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Minas Gerais State, São Francisco River near Três Marias Reservoir (18°12'32"S, 45°15'41"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37333 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37333 b–c, 37334.

Remarks

Remarks

Specimens deposited in CHIOC collected from the type host/locality. Holotype deposited in the INPA collection. Other paratypes deposited in HWML and USNM. The CHIOC was cited in the original description as one of those collections of deposit, but its number was not informed there.

Reference

Van Every and Kritsky (1992).

Anacanthorus cladophallus Van Every & Kristky, 1992

Type host

Serrasalmus spilopleura Kner, 1858

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Manaus, Solimões River near Marchantaria Island.

Paratypes

CHIOC 33393 a–b.

Remarks

Reference

Van Every and Kritsky (1992).

Anacanthorus contortus Cohen, Kohn & Boeger, 2012

Type host

Salminus brasiliensis

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Paraná River, below and above of the reservoir of Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Station, Guaíra (24°04'48"S, 54°15'21"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37662 a.

Paratypes

Paratypes

CHIOC 37596, 37602, 37614, 37630, 37636, 37641, 37659, 37663, 37666 a–c, 37668, 37671, 37683, 37684, 37709 a–b, 37711 a–c, 37713 a–b, 37717, 37726, 37728.

Reference

Cohen et al. (2012).

Anacanthorus dipelecinus Kristky, Boeger & Van Every, 1992

Type host

Roeboides myersii Gill, 1870 (Osteichthyes: Characidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Manaus, Solimões River near Marchantaria Island.

Paratype

CHIOC 33600.

Remarks

Reference

Kritsky et al. (1992).

Anacanthorus douradensis Cohen, Kohn & Boeger, 2012

Type host

Salminus brasiliensis

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Paraná River, below and above of the reservoir of Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Station, Guaíra (24°04'48"S, 54°15'21"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37594.

Paratypes

Kritsky et al. (1992).

Anacanthorus gravihamulatus Van Every & Kristky, 1992

Type host

Serrasalmus rhombeus

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Uatumã River, Água Branca stream, Pitinga River.

Paratypes

CHIOC 33391 a–b.

Remarks

Reference

Van Every and Kristky (1992).

Anacanthorus jegui Van Every & Kristky, 1992

Type host

Serrasalmus rhombeus

Infection site

Kristky et al. (1992).

Anacanthorus mastigophallus Kristky, Boeger & Van Every, 1992

Type host

Pristobrycon eigenmanni Norman, 1929

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Uatumã River, Nazaré.

Paratype

CHIOC 33602.

Remarks

Remarks

Remarks

Paratypes

CHIOC 37905 b–c.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the INPA collection.

Reference

Leão et al. (2015).

Anacanthorus tricornis Kristky, Boeger & Van Every, 1992

Type host

Triportheus elongatus

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Manaus, Solimões River near Marchantaria Island.

Paratype

CHIOC 33382.

Remarks

Reference

Kristky et al. (1992).

Anacanthorus xaniophallus Kristky, Boeger & Van Every, 1992

Type host

Pristobrycon eigenmanni

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Uatumã River, Nazaré.

Paratypes

CHIOC 33604 a–c.

Remarks

Reference

Kristky et al. (1992).

Annulotrematoides Kritsky & Boeger, 1995

* Annulotrematoides amazonicus Kritsky & Boeger, 1995

Type host

Psectrogaster rutiloides (Kner, 1858) (Osteichthyes: Curimatidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Manaus, Furo do Catalão.

Holotype

CHIOC 33364.

Remarks

Collection number referred to as CHIOC “33664” in the original description due to a mistake. Paratypes deposited in HWML and USNPC.

Reference

Kritsky and Boeger (1995).

Annulotrematoides bryconi Cuglianna, Cordeiro & Luque, 2003

Type host

Paratypes

CHIOC 37965 b–c.

Reference

Gallas et al. (2014).

* Cacatuocotyle paranaensis Boeger, Domingues & Kritsky, 1997

Amphiarius rugispinis (Valenciennes, 1840) (Osteichthyes: Ariidae).

Infection site

Secondary lamellae of the gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Pará State, Bragança, Fishing village of Ajuruteua (0°49'31"N, 46°36'29"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 38240 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 38240 b–h.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the collections of INPA and MPEG.

Reference

Domingues et al. (2016).

Chauhanellus hypenocleithrum Domingues, Soares & Watanabe, 2016

Type host

Reference

Domingues et al. (2016).

Chauhanellus velum Domingues, Soares & Watanabe, 2016

Brachyplatystoma filamentosum

Infection site

Gill lamellae.

Type locality

Brazil, Mato Grosso State, Araguaia River (13°23'07.3"S, 50°39'58.1"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37320.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37321 a–b, 37322 a–d.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the INPA collection.

Reference

Cepeda and Luque (2010).

Demidospermus ceccarellii Cepeda & Luque, 2010

Type host

Brachyplatystoma filamentosum

Infection site

Gill lamellae.

Type locality

Brazil, Mato Grosso State, Araguaia River (13°23'07.3"S, 50°39'58.1"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37323.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37324 a–d, 37325 a–e.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the INPA collection.

Reference

Cepeda and Luque (2010).

Demidospermus labrosi França, Isaac, Pavanelli & Takemoto, 2003

Type host

Iheringichthys labrosus

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, upper Paraná River floodplain (22°43'S, 53°10'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 34594 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 34587 a–c, 34594 b–c, 34595, 34596, 34597.

Remarks

Some authors considered the species to be a synonym of Demidospermus cornicinus Kritsky & Gutiérrez, 1998 (Cohen and Kohn 2008a, Monteiro et al. 2010a). Takemoto et al. (2009) referred to it as D. labrosi.

References

França et al. (2003), Cohen and Kohn (2008a), Takemoto et al. (2009), Monteiro et al. (2010a).

Demidospermus mandi França, Isaac, Pavanelli & Takemoto, 2003

Type host

Holotype

CHIOC 37647 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37606, 37635, 37637 a–c, 37638, 37640 a–b, 37644, 37645, 37646, 37647 b, 37650, 37651, 37653, 37655, 37670, 37672 a–c, 37673 a–b, 37675, 37687 a–b, 37690, 37695 a–c, 37700, 37702, 37703, 37704, 37708, 37710 a–b, 37712, 37723.

Reference

Cohen et al. (2012).

Jainus piava Karling, Bellay, Takemoto & Pavanelli, 2011

Type host

Schizodon borellii (Boulenger, 1900) (Osteichthyes: Anostomidae).

Infection site

Gill filaments.

Type locality

Brazil, upper Paraná River floodplain (22°50'–22°70'S, 53°15'–53°40'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37235 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37235 b–c, 37236.

Reference

Karling et al. (2011a).

Kritskyia Kohn, 1990

Kritskyia annakohnae Boeger, Tanaka & Pavanelli, 2001

Type host

Reference

Cepeda et al. (2011).

Characidium pterostictum Gomes, 1947

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Morretes, Marumbi River (25°29'27"S, 45°49'67"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37893.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37884, 37885, 37886, 37887, 37888, 37889, 37890, 37891, 37892, 37894, 37895.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the collections of IPCAS, HWML and USNPC.

Reference

Boeger et al. (2014).

Mexicana Caballero & Bravo-Hollis, 1959

Mexicana anisotremum Cezar, Paschoal & Luque, 2012

Type host

Anisotremus virginicus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Osteichthyes: Haemulidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, coastal zone of Rio de Janeiro State (21–23°S, 42–45°W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37767.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37768, 37769.

Remarks

Paratype CHIOC 37769 collected from A. surinamensis (Bloch, 1791).

Reference

Cezar et al. (2012).

Mexicana atlantica Luque, Amato & Takemoto, 1992

Type host

Haemulon steindachneri (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) (Osteichthyes: Haemulidae).

Infection site

Distal portion of gill filaments.

Type locality

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Sepetiba Bay, Itacuruçá (22°51'S, 43°56'W).

Paratypes

CHIOC 33109, 33110.

Remarks

Holotype and other paratypes deposited in the USNM collection.

Reference

Luque et al. (1992).

Mymarothecium Kritsky, Boeger & Jégu, 1996

Mymarothecium boegeri Cohen & Kohn, 2005

Type host

Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816) (Osteichthyes: Serrasalmidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Ceará State, Pentecoste, Aquaria of the Research Center in Aquiculture “Rodolfo von Ihering, DNOCS”.

Holotype

CHIOC 36453.

Paratypes

CHIOC 36454, 36455, 36456, 36457.

Reference

Cohen and Kohn (2005).

Mymarothecium ianwhittingtoni Leão, São Clemente & Cohen, 2015

Type host

Piaractus mesopotamicus

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Paraná River, Toledo (24°44'29.0"S, 53°44'51.2"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37906 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37906 b–d.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the INPA collection.

Reference

Leão et al. (2015).

Mymarothecium viatorum Boeger, Piasecki & Sobecka, 2002

Pavanelliella takemotoi Aguiar, Ceccarelli & Luque, 2011

Remarks

Holotype deposited in the MNHN collection. Other paratypes deposited in MNHN and USNPC.

Reference

Boeger et al. (2012).

Protogyrodactylus kritskyi Boeger, Diamaka, Pariselle & Patella, 2012

Holotype

CHIOC 34337 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 34337 b–e, 34338 a–b.

Reference

Santos et al. (2001).

Pseudempleurosoma guanabarensis Carvalho & Luque, 2012

Paratypes

CHIOC 36301 a–e.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in INPA, MZUSP, MNHN and USNPC.

Reference

Domingues and Boeger (2005).

Rhinoxenus bulbovaginatus Boeger, Domingues & Pavanelli, 1995

Type host

Salminus brasiliensis

Infection site

Nasal cavities.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Paraná River basin near Porto Rico.

Holotype

CHIOC 33269 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 33269 b–e.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the collections of HWML and USNM.

Reference

Boeger et al. (1995a).

Rhinoxenus curimbatae Domingues & Boeger, 2005

Type host

Prochilodus cf. lineatus

Infection site

Nasal cavity.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, metropolitan area of Curitiba, Campina Grande do Sul, reservoir of Capivari–Cachoeira.

Holotype

CHIOC 36303.

Paratypes

CHIOC 36304 a–b.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the collections of INPA and MNHN.

Reference

Domingues and Boeger (2005).

Rhinoxenus euryxenus Domingues & Boeger, 2005

Type host

Serrasalmus marginatus

Infection site

Nasal cavity.

Type locality

Brazil, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Paraná River, Medalha Bay.

Holotype

CHIOC 36293.

Paratypes

CHIOC 36294 a–g.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the collections of INPA and MNHN.

Reference

Domingues and Boeger (2005).

Rhinoxenus guianensis Domingues & Boeger, 2005

Type host

Curimata cyprinoides (Linnaeus, 1766) (Osteichthyes: Curimatidae).

Infection site

Nasal cavity.

Type locality

French Guiana, Degrad Forian, Iracoubo.

Holotype

CHIOC 36305.

Paratypes

CHIOC 36306 a–d.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the collections of INPA, MNHN and USNPC.

Reference

Domingues and Boeger (2005).

Sciadicleithrum Kritsky, Thatcher & Boeger, 1989

Sciadicleithrum araguariensis Paschoal, Scholz, Tavares-Dias & Luque, 2016

Type host

Crenicichla labrina (Spix & Agassiz, 1831) (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Amapá State, Ferreira Gomes, Araguari River (0°52'N, 51°12'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 38091 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 38091 b–d.

Remarks

Other paratype deposited in the IPCA collection.

Reference

Paschoal et al. (2016).

Sciadicleithrum edgari Paschoal, Scholz, Tavares-Dias & Luque, 2016

Type host

Satanoperca jurupari (Heckel, 1840) (Osteichthyes: Cichlidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Amapá State, Ferreira Gomes, Araguari River (0°52'N, 51°12'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 38092 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 38092 b–c.

Remarks

Other paratype deposited in the IPCA collection.

Reference

Paschoal et al. (2016).

Sciadicleithrum frequens Bellay, Takemoto, Yamada & Pavanelli, 2008

Type host

Susanlimae Boeger, Pariselle & Patella, 2015

* Susanlimae ianwhittingtoni Boeger, Pariselle & Patella, 2015

Pellona flavipinnis (Valenciennes, 1837) (Osteichthyes: Pristigasteridae).

Infection site

Nasal cavity.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Solimões River, Marchantaria Island near Manaus.

Holotype

CHIOC 33640.

Remarks

Paratypes deposited in HWML and USNPC.

Reference

Kritsky et al. (1996).

Tereancistrum Kritsky, Thatcher & Kayton, 1980

Tereancistrum arcuatus Cohen, Kohn & Boeger, 2012

Type host

Salminus brasiliensis

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Paraná River below and above of the reservoir of Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Station, Guaíra (24°04'48"S, 54°15'21"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37628.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37609, 37665, 37674 a–b, 37678.

Reference

Cohen et al. (2012).

Tereancistrum curimba Lizama, Takemoto & Pavanelli, 2004

Type host

Remarks

Two paratypes deposited in the IPCAS collection.

Reference

Moreira et al. (2015).

Urocleidoides brasiliensis Rosim, Mendoza-Franco & Luque, 2011

Type host

Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794)

Infection site

Gill lamellae.

Type locality

Brazil, Mato Grosso State, Cuiabá (16°58'N, 56°25'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37470 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37470 b–f.

Reference

Rosim et al. (2011).

Urocleidoides cuiabai Rosim, Mendoza-Franco & Luque, 2011

Type host

Reference

Rosim et al. (2011).

Urocleidoides xinguensis Moreira, Scholz & Luque, 2015

Type host

Hoplias aimara

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Pará State, Xingu River around Altamira (3°12'S, 52°12'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 38002 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 38002 b–d.

Remarks

Two paratypes deposited in the IPCAS collection.

Reference

Moreira et al. (2015).

Whittingnocotyle Santos Neto, Rodrigues & Domingues, 2015

* Whittingnocotyle caetei Santos Neto, Rodrigues & Domingues, 2015

Type host

Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Agassiz, 1829) (Osteichthyes: Erythrinidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Pará State, Augusto Corrêa, Caeté River (01°3'58.21"S, 46°40'3.65"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 38012 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 38012 b–d.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in INPA and MPEG.

Reference

Santos Neto et al. (2015).

Whittingnocotyle jeju Santos Neto, Rodrigues & Domingues, 2015

Type host

Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Pará State, Irituia, Guamá River (01°51'59.8"S, 47°24'17.2"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 38014 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 38014 b–e.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in INPA and MPEG.

Reference

Santos Neto et al. (2015).

Diplectanidae Monticelli, 1903

Acleotrema Johnston & Tiegs, 1922

Acleotrema lamothei Santos, Bianchi & Gibson, 2008

Type host

Kyphosus incisor (Cuvier, 1831) (Osteichthyes: Kyphosidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, off Rio de Janeiro State, Ilha Grande Bay (23°00'–23°40'S, 44°00'–44°40'W)

Holotype

CHIOC 36926 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 36926 b–d.

Reference

Santos et al. (2008).

Anoplectanum Boeger, Fehlauer & Marques, 2006

* Anoplectanum haptorodynatum Boeger, Fehlauer & Marques, 2006

Type host

Petilipinnis grunniens (Jardine & Schomburgk, 1843) (Osteichthyes: Sciaenidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Tocantins State, Tocantins River, Porto Nacional (10°41'45"S, 48°25'54"W).

Paratypes

CHIOC 36504 a–b.

Remarks

Paratypes from CHIOC collected in the Tocantins River, Santa Helena (Tocantins State). Holotype deposited in MZUSP. Other paratypes deposited in INPA, MZUSP, MNHN and USNPC.

Reference

Boeger et al. (2006).

Anoplectanum microsoma Boeger, Fehlauer & Marques, 2006

Eucinostomus argenteus Baird & Girard, 1855

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Pontal do Paraná (25°35'28.27"S, 48°21'10.70"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37545 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37545 b–f.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in INPA, MPEG and USNPC.

Reference

Domingues et al. (2011).

Diplectanum Diesing 1858

Diplectanum copiosum Boeger, Fehlauer & Marques, 2006

Type host

Pachyurus junki

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Tocantins State, Tocantins River, Santa Helena.

Paratypes

CHIOC 36501 a–m.

Remarks

Holotype deposited in MZUSP. Other paratypes deposited in INPA, MZUSP and USNPC.

Reference

Boeger et al. (2006).

Diplectanum monticelli Domingues & Boeger, 2003

Type host

Cynoscion leairchus (Cuvier, 1830) (Osteichthyes: Sciaenidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Itacuruçá (22°55'S, 43°55'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 34962.

Paratypes

CHIOC 34963 a–b, 34964 a–c.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in HWML and USNPC.

Reference

Domingues and Boeger (2003).

Diplectanum squamatum Santos, Timi & Gibson, 2002

Type host

Cynoscion guatucupa (Cuvier, 1830)

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Argentina, off Mar del Plata (38°08'S, 57°32'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 34538 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 34538 b–d.

Remarks

Other paratype deposited in the BMNH collection.

Reference

Santos et al. (2002).

Pseudorhabdosynochus Yamaguti, 1958

Psedorhabdosynochus jeanloui Knoff, Cohen, Cárdenas, Cárdenas-Callirgos & Gomes, 2015

Type host

Paranthias colonus (Valenciennes, 1846) (Osteichthyes: Serranidae).

Infection site

Gill arches.

Type locality

Peru, Lima, off Chorrillos (12°13'25"S, 76°43'49"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 38016 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 38016 b–i.

Remarks

Other paratype deposited in the MNHN collection.

Reference

Knoff et al. (2015).

Pseudorhabdosynochus sulamericanus Santos, Buchmann & Gibson, 2000

Centropomus undecimalis

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Pernambuco State, Itamaracá, earthen ponds (7°41'S, 34°53'W).

Paratypes

CHIOC 34297 a–d.

Remarks

Holotype deposited in the INPA collection. Other paratypes deposited in INPA, MPM, HWML and USNPC.

Reference

Kritsky et al. (2001).

Spinomatrix Boeger, Fehlauer & Marques, 2006

* Spinomatrix penteormos Boeger, Fehlauer & Marques, 2006

Type host

Pachyurus adspersus Steindachner, 1879

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Minas Gerais State, Vau-Açú, Piranga River, Cachoeirinha da Brecha downstream (20°32'S, 42°57'W).

Paratypes

CHIOC 36502 a–f.

Remarks

Holotype deposited in MZUSP. Other paratypes deposited in INPA, MZUSP, MNHN, HWML and USNPC.

Reference

Boeger et al. (2006).

Gyrodactylidae Van Beneden & Hesse, 1863

Diechodactylus Vianna, Boeger & Silva-Souza, 2008

Diechodactylus joaberi Vianna, Boeger & Silva-Souza, 2008

Type host

Gymnotus carapo (Linnaeus, 1758) (Osteichthyes: Gymnotidae).

Infestation site

Body surface.

Type locality

Brazil, São Paulo State, São Carlos, Córrego do Feijão stream (22°06'10.7"S, 47°44'36.7"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 36854 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 36854 b–e.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in INPA and USNPC.

Reference

Vianna et al. (2008).

Gyrodactylus Nordmann, 1832

Gyrodactylus anisopharynx Popazoglo & Boeger, 2000

Type host

Corydoras paleatus (Jenyns, 1842) (Osteichthyes: Callichthyidae).

Infestation site

Body surface.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Piraquara, Piraquara River (25°29'59"S, 49°02'40"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 34215.

Paratypes

CHIOC 34217 a–d, 34218 a–b, 34219, 34220, 34221 b, g–j, 34222.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in IPCR, MNHN, HWML and USNPC. CHIOC 34216, 34221 a, c–f and 32223 were cited as paratypes in the original description, but they are paratypes of G. corydori Bueno-Silva & Boeger (2009).

References

Popazoglo and Boeger (2000), Bueno-Silva and Boeger (2009).

Gyrodactylus carolinae Boeger, Ferreira, Vianna & Patella, 2014

Type host

Reference

Boeger and Popazoglo (1995).

Gyrodactylus inesperatus Boeger, Ferreira, Vianna & Patella, 2014

Type host

Characidium sp.

Infestation site

Body surface.

Type locality

Brazil, São Paulo State, Ribeirão Bonito, Das Almas River (24°8'52"S, 48°20'52"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37869.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37870, 37871, 37872, 37873, 37874.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in IPCAS, HWML and USNPC.

Reference

Boeger et al. (2014).

Gyrodactylus samirae Popazoglo & Boeger, 2000

Type host

Corydoras ehrhardti Steindachner, 1910

Infestation site

Body surface.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Piraquara, Piraquara River.

Holotype

CHIOC 34226 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 34226 b, 34227, 34228, 34229 a–g.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in IPCR, MNHN, HWML and USNPC.

Reference

Popazoglo and Boeger (2000).

Gyrodactylus trairae Boeger & Popazoglo, 1995

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Manaus, Bairro São Jorge.

Paratype

CHIOC 32706.

Remarks

Holotype deposited in the INPA collection. Other paratypes deposited in BMNH, HWML, USNM and ZIAC.

Reference

Kritsky and Boeger (1991).

* Nothogyrodactylus clavatus Kritsky & Boeger, 1991

Type host

Ancistrus sp.

Infestation site

Skin.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Manaus, Bairro São Jorge.

Paratype

CHIOC 32705.

Remarks

Holotype deposited in the INPA collection. Other paratypes deposited in BMNH, HWML, USNM and ZIAC.

Reference

Kritsky and Boeger (1991).

Nothogyrodactylus plaesiophallus Kritsky & Boeger, 1991

Type host

Ancistrus sp.

Infestation site

Skin.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Manaus, Bairro São Jorge.

Paratype

CHIOC 32707.

Remarks

Holotype deposited in the INPA collection. Other paratypes deposited in BMNH, HWML, USNM and ZIAC.

Reference

Kritsky and Boeger (1991).

Phanerothecium Kritsky & Thatcher, 1977

Phanerothecium harrisi Kritsky & Boeger, 1991

Type host

Hypostomus plecostomus (Linnaeus, 1758) [= Plecostomus plecostomus] (Osteichthyes: Loricariidae).

Infestation site

Skin.

Type locality

Brazil, Amazonas State, Manaus, Bairro São Jorge.

Paratype

CHIOC 32704.

Remarks

Holotype deposited in the INPA collection. Other paratypes deposited in BMNH, HWML, USNM and ZIAC.

Reference

Kritsky and Boeger (1991).

Phanerothecium spinatus Boeger, Kritsky & Belmont-Jégu, 1994

Type host

Hypostomus punctatus Valenciennes, 1840 (Osteichthyes: Loricariidae).

Infestation site

Body surface.

Type locality

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Nova Iguaçú, Guandú River.

Holotype

CHIOC 33051 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 33051 b–k.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the collections of HWML and USNM.

Reference

Boeger et al. (1994).

Polyclithrum Rogers, 1967

Polyclithrum boegeri Ernst, Whittington & Jones, 2000

Type host

Mugil liza (= Mugil platanus Günther, 1880)

Infestation site

Body washings.

Type locality

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Itaguaí, Da Guarda River.

Holotype

CHIOC 33988 a.

Paratype

CHIOC 33988 b.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the QM collection.

Reference

Ernst et al. (2000).

Monocotylidae Taschenberg, 1879

Heterocotyle Scott, 1904

Heterocotyle sulamericana Santos, Santos, Cunha & Chisholm, 2012

Domingues and Marques (2007), Domingues and Marques (2011).

Subclass Polystomatoinea Lebedev, 1986

Polystomatidae Gamble, 1896

Reference

Kohn et al. (1996).

Metacamopia oligoplites Takemoto, Amato & Luque, 1996

Type host

Oligoplites palometa (Cuvier, 1833) (Osteichthyes: Carangidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Itacuruça, Sepetiba Bay (22°51'S, 43°56'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 33623 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 33623 b–c, 33624, 33625.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in USNPC.

Reference

Takemoto et al. (1996).

Anoplodiscidae Tagliani, 1912

Anoplodiscus Sonsino, 1890

Anoplodiscus longivaginatus Paraguassú, Luque & Alves, 2002

Type host

Pagrus pagrus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Osteichthyes: Sparidae).

Infection site

Mouth and gills.

Type locality

Brazil, coastal zone of Rio de Janeiro State (21–23°S, 41–45°W).

Holotype

CHIOC 34905.

Paratypes

CHIOC 34906 a–d, 34907.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in MPM and USNPC.

Reference

Paraguassú et al. (2002).

Diclidophoridae Cerfontaine, 1895

Absonifibula Lawler & Overstreet, 1976

Absonifibula estuarina Santos & Timi, 2009

Type host

Cynoscion guatucupa

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Argentina, Buenos Aires Province, Mar del Plata (38°08'S 57°32'W).

Paratypes

CHIOC 37205 a–d.

Remarks

Holotype and other paratypes deposited in CHMLP.

Reference

Santos and Timi (2009).

Cohen et al. (2011).

Heteraxinidae Unnithan, 1957

Probursata Bravo-Hollis, 1984

Probursata brasiliensis Takemoto, Amato & Luque, 1993

Type host

Oligoplites palometa

Infection site

Gill filaments.

Type locality

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Sepetiba Bay, Itacuruçá (22°61'S, 43°56'W).

Holotype

CHIOC 33069.

Paratypes

CHIOC 33053 a–b, 33054, 33055, 33056, 33057.

Remarks

Other paratypes deposited in the USNM collection.

Reference

Takemoto et al. (1993).

Macrovalvitrematidae Yamaguti, 1963

Pseudotagia Yamaguti, 1963

Pseudotagia rubri Luque, Amato & Takemoto, 1993b

Type host

Orthopristis ruber

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Sepetiba Bay, Itacuruçá (22°51'S, 43°56'W).

Paratypes

CHIOC 33100, 33101, 33102.

Remarks

Holotype and other paratypes deposited in the USNM collection.

Reference

Luque et al. (1993b).

Mazocraeidae Price, 1936

Cribomazocraes Mamaevm, 1981

Cribomazocraes travassosi Santos & Kohn, 1992

Type host

Harengula clupeola (Cuvier, 1829) (Osteichthyes: Clupeidae).

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Governador.

Holotype

CHIOC 32758.

Remarks

No paratype deposited, only vouchers.

Reference

Santos and Kohn (1992).

Microcotylidae Taschenberg, 1879

Microcotyle van Beneden & Hesse, 1863

Microcotyle pseudopercis Amato & Cezar, 1994

Type host

Pseudopercis numida Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903 (Osteichthyes: Pinguipedidae).

Infection site

Gill filaments.

Type locality

Brazil, coast of Rio de Janeiro State (21–23°S, 41–45°W).

Paratypes

CHIOC 33290 a–b.

Remarks

Holotype and other paratype deposited in the USNM collection.

Reference

Amato and Cezar (1994).

Paranaella Kohn, Baptista-Farias & Cohen, 2000

* Paranaella luquei Kohn, Baptista-Farias & Cohen, 2000

Type host

Hypostomus sp.

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Paraná State, Paraná River, reservoir of the Itaipu Hydroelectric Power Station.

Holotype

CHIOC 33954 a.

Paratypes

CHIOC 33954 b–h.

Remarks

There is no paratype “i”, as informed in the original description. That was a mistake.

Reference

Kohn et al. (2000).

Plectanocotylidae Poche, 1926

Octoplectanocotyla Yamaguti, 1937

Octoplectanocotyla travassosi Carvalho & Luque, 2012

Type host

Trichiurus lepturus

Infection site

Gills.

Type locality

Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Guanabara Bay (23°1'52"S, 43°11'56"W).

Holotype

CHIOC 37386.

Paratypes

CHIOC 37387 a–b, 37388 a–b.

Reference

Carvalho and Luque (2012).

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to David Elliff of GAAm Grupo Avançado de Assessoria Médica LTDA for reviewing the English of this manuscript. We thank Juliane Nunes Bernardo, Marianna Silva Costa, and Tainah Domingos Soares for technical support. AM is grateful to the National Bank for Economic and Social Development (Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social, BNDES), Project No: VPPLR-001-FIO-14-2-1-36, and the Foundation for Health-related Scientific and Technological Development in Health (Fundação para o Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico em Saúde, FIOTEC) for the technological research development fellowship.

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