Research Article |
Corresponding author: Jan Klimaszewski ( jklimaszewski@cfl.forestry.ca ) Academic editor: Adam Brunke
© 2016 Jan Klimaszewski, David W. Langor, Caroline Bourdon, Amelie Gilbert, Myriam Labrecque.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Klimaszewski J, Langor DW, Bourdon C, Gilbert A, Labrecque M (2016) Two new species and new provincial records of aleocharine rove beetles from Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae). ZooKeys 593: 49-89. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.593.8412
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Two new species, Atheta pseudovestita Klimaszewski & Langor, sp. n., Silusa prettyae Klimaszewski & Langor, sp. n., are described, and 16 new provincial records, including one new country record, of aleocharine beetles are presented for the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Diagnostics, images of habitus and genital structures, distribution, bionomics information and new locality data are provided for the newly recorded species. A new checklist with 189 species of aleocharines recorded from the province is presented.
Coleoptera , rove beetles, Staphylinidae , Aleocharinae , new provincial records, new species, Canada, Newfoundland and Labrador
In the first comprehensive survey of the Aleocharinae fauna of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), 172 species in 47 genera and 12 tribes were reported (
Species of Aleocharinae recorded from Newfoundland and Labrador and their provincial distribution within Canada. Provinces in bold denote new records given in the present publication. *Considered adventive in North America. **Distribution status Holarctic.
TRIBE GYMNUSINI | |
Gymnusa atra Casey** | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, AB, YT, NU, NT, BC. USA: AK |
Gymnusa brevicollis (Paykull)* | NF |
Gymnusa campbelli Klimaszewski | NF, NB, QC, ON, MB, SK, YT, NT. USA: AK |
Gymnusa grandiceps Casey | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB. USA: New England states |
Gymnusa lindrothi Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Gymnusa pseudovariegata Klimaszewski | NF, NS, NT, BC. USA: AK |
Gymnusa smetanai Klimaszewski** | NF, ON, MB, NT, YT. USA: AK |
TRIBE DEINOPSINI | |
Deinopsis canadensis Klimaszewski | NF, ON |
Deinopsis harringtoni Casey | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON. USA: AK |
TRIBE ALEOCHARINI | |
Aleochara bilineata Gyllenhal* | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, BC. USA: New England states |
Aleochara bimaculata Gravenhorst | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, BC. USA: wide distribution |
Aleochara caseyi Likovský | NF, NB, QC, ON. USA: New England states |
Aleochara castaneipennis Mannerheim | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, AB, BC. USA: AK |
Aleochara curtula (Goeze)* | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC, ON, BC. USA: New England states |
Aleochara fumata Gravenhorst* | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC, ON, MB, AB, YT, BC. USA: widespread |
Aleochara gracilicornis Bernhauer | NL, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, YT, NT, BC; USA: AZ, CO, FL, IL, IN, KS, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MT, NH, NJ, NM, NY, PA, RI, SD, UT |
Aleochara inexpectata Klimaszewski (NPR) | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON. USA: MI, WI |
Aleochara lacertina Sharp | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, BC |
Aleochara lanuginosa Gravenhorst* | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, AB, BC. USA: AK |
Aleochara litoralis (Mäklin) | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC, BC. USA: AK |
Aleochara sekanai Klimaszewski | LB, NB, ON, MB, SK, AB, YT. USA: AK |
Aleochara shelleyae Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Aleochara sculptiventris (Casey) | NF, NB, QC, ON. USA: widely distributed in the east |
Aleochara tahoensis Casey (NPR) | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, YT, NT, BC |
Aleochara tristis Gravenhorst* | NF, NB, QC. USA: CA |
Aleochara verna Say | NF, LB, NB, NS, PE, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, YT, BC. USA: AK |
Tinotus morion (Gravenhorst)* | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, SK, AB, BC. USA: CT, NV |
TRIBE OXYPODINI | |
Crataraea suturalis (Mannerheim)* | LB, NB, NS, ON, SK, BC. USA: IL, MA, MO, PA, SC, VA, VT |
Devia prospera (Erichson)** | LB, NB, ON, SK, AB, YT, NT, BC. USA: AK, CO, MI, MN, NM, OR, SD, UT, WA, WY |
Gnathusa alfacaribou Klimaszewski & Langor | LB |
Ilyobates bennetti Donistorphe* (NPR) | NF, NB, NS, QC |
Meotica pseudowinkleri Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Mniusa minutissima (Klimaszewski & Langor) | NF, NB |
Neothetalia canadiana Klimaszewski | NF, QC, YT, BC. USA: AK |
Ocyusa canadensis Lohse | NF, NB, ON, SK, YT. USA: AK |
Oxypoda brachyptera Stephens* | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON |
Oxypoda canadensis Klimaszewski | NF, QC, ON, MB, AB, NT |
Oxypoda convergens Casey | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, AB. USA: IA, MO, NY |
Oxypoda demissa Casey | NF, NS, QC, ON |
Oxypoda frigida Bernhauer | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, YT, NT, BC. USA: AK |
Oxypoda grandipennis (Casey) | NF, LB, NB, NS, QC, ON, SK, AB, YT, BC. USA: AK, NH |
Oxypoda hiemalis Casey | NF, LB, NB, NS, QC, ON, AB, NT. USA: AK |
Oxypoda inimica Casey | NF, NB, QC, NT. USA: MA |
Oxypoda lacustris Casey | NF, LB, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, YT, NT, BC. USA: AK |
Oxypoda lucidula Casey | NF, QC, ON, MB, AB, YT, NT. USA: AK, IA, MO, NH, NY |
Oxypoda opaca (Gravenhorst)* | NF, NS, ON, BC. USA: NC, NY, SC, VT |
Oxypoda operta Sjöberg* | NF, NS, QC, ON, AB. USA: NH |
Oxypoda orbicollis Casey | LB, NB, NS, QC, ON, SK, AB, YT. USA: WI |
Oxypoda pseudolacustris Klimaszewski | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, SK, AB |
Parocyusa americana (Casey) (NPR) | NF, ON. USA: NY |
Parocyusa fuliginosa (Casey) | NF. USA: NC |
Phloeopora canadensis Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
TRIBE TACHYUSINI | |
Brachyusa helenae (Casey) | NF, NT. USA: AK |
Gnypeta atrolucens Casey | NF, LB, QC. USA: NY |
Gnypeta caerulea (C.R. Sahlberg)** | NF, LB, NB, NS, PE, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, YT, BC. USA: AK |
Gnypeta carbonaria (Mannerheim)** | NF, NB, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, NT. USA: AK |
Gnypeta minuta Klimaszewski & Webster | NF, NB |
Gnypeta nigrella (LeConte) | NF, NB. USA: MA, PA, MD, VT |
Gnypeta selmani Brundin** | NF, LB, QC, MB, SK, YT, NT. USA: AK |
Tachyusa americanoides Paśnik | NF, NB, ON, MB, AB, NT, BC. USA: NH, NY, MA |
TRIBE BOREOCYPHINI | |
Boreocypha websteri Klimaszewski & Langor | NF, LB, NB |
TRIBE MYLLAENINI | |
Myllaena arcana Casey | NF, LB, NB, NS, QC, ON, SK, AB. USA: AL, FL, IA, IL, MA, NH, NJ. Mexico. |
Myllaena audax Casey | NF, NB, QC, ON, NT, BC. USA: IL, LA, MA, NJ, NY, OR, RI, UT, WA |
Myllaena insomnis Casey | NF, LB, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, YT, BC. USA: AK, ID, MA, MN, WI |
Myllaena procidua Casey (NPR) | NF, NB, QC. USA: MA, MD, VA |
TRIBE AUTALIINI | |
Autalia rivularis (Gravenhorst)* | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, AB, BC. USA: NH |
TRIBE HOMALOTINI | |
Gyrophaena affinis Mannerheim* | NF, NB, NS, QC, MB, BC. USA: DC, IA, IL, IN, KY, MA, ME, MI, MN, MO, NC, NH, NJ, NM, NY, PA, TN, WA, WI, WV |
Gyrophaena antennalis Casey | NF, NB, NS. USA: MA, NC, NY |
Gyrophaena chippewa Seevers | NF, NB. USA: MI, NC, WI |
Gyrophaena criddlei Casey | LB, NB, ON, MB, SK, YT |
Gyrophaena insolens Casey | NF, LB, NB, ON, MB, SK, BC. USA: MI |
Gyrophaena involuta Casey | NF, NB. USA: MA, ME, NY, WI |
Gyrophaena keeni Casey | NF, NB, QC, ON, AB, YT, BC. USA: FL, MA, MT, NH, NY, TN, WA, WI |
Gyrophaena laetula Casey | NF, NB. USA: DC, IL, IN, KY, MA, NY, PA, TN, VA, WI |
Gyrophaena modesta Casey | NF, NB, NS. USA: IL, IN, MI, MN, NH |
Gyrophaena nana (Paykull)** | NF, ON, MB, YT, BC. USA: AK, MA, ME, MI, MT, WI, WY |
Gyrophaena nanoides Seevers | NF, NB, QC. USA: MI, NC, NY, PA |
Gyrophaena neonana Seevers | NF, YT. USA: NC, PA, WI |
Homalota plana (Gyllenhal)* | NF, NB, NS, AB. USA: AK |
Leptusa brevicollis Casey | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC, ON. USA: MA, NC, NH, NY, PA, VA, VT |
Leptusa canonica Casey | NF, NS, QC, ON. USA: IA, MS, OH, PA, TX |
Leptusa gatineauensis Klimaszewski & Pelletier | NF, NS, QC, ON, BC |
Leptusa opaca Casey | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC, ON. USA: AR, GA, NC, NY, PA, RI, WI |
Silusa californica Bernhauer | NF, NB, NS, QC, AB, BC. USA: AK, CA, MN |
Silusa densa Fenyes | NF, AB. USA: CA |
Silusa prettyae Klimaszewski & Langor, sp. n. (NCR, NPR) | NF |
Silusida marginella (Casey) | NF, NB, NS, ON. USA: CA, IA, NY, PA |
TRIBE PLACUSINI | |
Placusa incompleta Sjöberg* | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, AB, BC. USA: WA |
Placusa tacomae Casey | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, AB, YT, NT, BC. USA: AZ, MA, WA, WI |
TRIBE ATHETINI | |
Acrotona sequestralis Klimaszewski & Langor | NF. USA: IA |
Acrotona pseudopygmaea Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Alevonota gracilenta (Erichson) (NPR) | NF, NB, ON |
Aloconota sulcifrons (Stephens)* | NF, NB, QC, ON. USA: AL, IL, IN, KY, MO, NH, NY, TN, VA, WV |
Aloconota neocambrica Klimaszewski & Langor | NF, LB, NB |
Amischa analis (Gravenhorst)* | NF, NB, NS, PE, ON. USA: CA, IN, PA |
Atheta acadiensis Klimaszewski & Majka | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC |
Atheta altaica Bernhauer** | NF, YT, NT. USA: AK |
Atheta amicula (Stephens)* | NF, NS. USA: WA |
Atheta annexa Casey | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON. USA: AL, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, LA, MO, MS, NC, NY, OH, TN, VA, WI, WY |
Atheta atramentaria (Gyllenhal)* | NF |
Atheta avalon Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Atheta borealis Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Atheta burwelli (Lohse) | NF, NB, QC |
Atheta campbelli (Lohse) | NF, YT. USA: AK |
Atheta capsularis Klimaszewski | NF, NB, QC |
Atheta caribou (Lohse) | NF, YT |
Atheta celata (Erichson)** | NF, NB, NS, QC, SK, BC. USA: AK |
Atheta circulicollis Lohse | NF, QC |
Atheta crenuliventris Bernhauer [=bradorensis (Lohse)] | NF, NB, QC. USA: ME |
Atheta cryptica (Lohse) | NF, QC, YT, BC |
Atheta curvipennis Klimaszewski & Langor | NF, LB |
Atheta dadopora Thomson** | NF, LB, NB, NS, PE, ON, SK, AB, YT, BC. USA: AK, NY, PA, RI |
Atheta districta Casey | NF, NB, NS, BC |
Atheta fanatica Casey | NF, NB, NS, QC, BC. USA: AK, NV |
Atheta frosti Bernhauer | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, BC. USA: MA, NC, NH, NY, PA, RI, VT |
Atheta giguereae Klimaszewski & Webster (NPR) | NF, NB, NS, ON |
Atheta graminicola (Gravenhorst)** | NF, NB, QC, ON, MB, AB, YT, NT, BC. USA: AK |
Atheta hampshirensis Bernhauer | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, BC. USA: AK, CA, NC, NH, NY, OR, PA, RI, WA |
Atheta klagesi Bernhauer (NPR) [redefined] | NF, NB, for the rest of Canada needs to be revised. USA: ME, PA |
Atheta lindrothi Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Atheta longicornis (Gravenhorst)* | NF, NB, NS, QC. USA: MN |
Atheta nearctica (Lohse) | NF, YT, NT. USA: AK |
Atheta novascotiae Klimaszewski & Majka | NF, NB, NS. Saint-Pierre et Miquelon (France) |
Atheta pecki Klimaszewski & Langor | LB |
Atheta pennsylvanica Bernhauer | NF, LB, NB, NS, QC, ON. USA: IN, PA, RI, VA |
Atheta platanoffi Brundin** | NF, LB, NB, NS, ON, AB, YT, BC. USA: AK |
Atheta prudhoensis (Lohse) | NF, NB, NS, ON, YT. USA: AK, VT |
Atheta pseudocrenuliventris Klimaszewski | NF, NB, NS |
Atheta pseudodistricta Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Atheta pseudoklagesi Klimaszewski & Webster (NPR) [redefined] | NF, NB, for the rest of Canada needs to be revised. |
Atheta pseudomodesta Klimaszewski | NF, QC |
Atheta pseudosubtilis Klimaszewski & Langor | NF, LB, NB, QC, AB, YT |
Atheta pseudovestita Klimaszewski & Langor, sp. n. (NCR, NPR) | NF |
Atheta regissalmonis (Lohse) | NF. USA: AK |
Atheta remulsa Casey | NF, NB, NS, AB, YT, BC |
Atheta savardae Klimaszewski & Majka | NF, NB, NS, QC |
Atheta sculptisoma Klimaszewski & Langor | NF, QC |
Atheta strigosula Casey | NF, NB, YT. USA: NY |
Atheta subtilis (Scriba)* (NPR) | LB, NB |
Atheta terranovae Klimaszewski & Langor | NF, LB, QC |
Atheta ventricosa Bernhauer | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, AB, YT, BC. USA: AK, DC, NC, NJ, NY, PA, VT |
Atheta vestita (Gravenhorst)* | NF, NB, NS |
Boreophilia eremita (Rey)** | NF, NB. USA: AK |
Boreophilia islandica (Kraatz)** | NF, AB, NU, YT. USA: AK |
Boreophilia nearctica Lohse | NF, QC, MB, YT. USA: AK |
Boreophilia ovalis Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Boreostiba frigida (J. Sahlberg)** | NF, QC, YT, NT. USA: AK |
Boreostiba parvipennis (Bernhauer) | NF, LB, QC, AB, YT, NT. USA: AK, NH |
Boreostiba websteri Klimaszewski & Langor | LB, NB |
Callicerus rigidicornis (Erichson)* (NPR) | NF, ON |
Clusiota impressicollis (Bernhauer) | NF, NB, QC, BC |
Dinaraea angustula (Gyllenhal)* | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC, AB. USA: CA, NY |
Dinaraea pacei Klimaszewski & Langor | NF, LB, NB, QC, AB, YT, BC. USA: AK |
Dochmonota rudiventris (Eppelsheim)* or ** | NF, NB, YT, NT. USA: ID, MA |
Earota dentata (Bernhauer) | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, AB, YT, BC. USA: AK, AL, AZ, CO, IA, IL, NC, NJ, NM, OR, VA, WA |
Geostiba circellaris (Gravenhorst)* | NF, NB |
Hydrosmecta borealis Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Hydrosmecta newfoundlandica Klimaszewski & Langor | NF. Miquelon (France) |
Liogluta aloconoides Lohse | NF, LB, NS, QC, AB, YT |
Liogluta nigropolita (Bernhauer) | NF, QC, YT |
Liogluta gigantea Klimaszewski & Langor | LB |
Liogluta intermedia Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Lypoglossa angularis obtusa (LeConte) | NF, NS, QC. USA: ME, NH |
Lypoglossa franclemonti Hoebeke | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, YT. USA: NY, VT |
Mocyta breviuscula (Mäklin) | NF, NB, NS, MB, YT, NT, BC. USA: AK |
Mocyta fungi (Gravenhorst)* | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC, ON, YT, BC. USA: AK |
Mocyta luteola (Erichson) (NPR) | NF, NB, QC, ON. USA: MA, MN, NY |
Mocyta sphagnorum Klimaszewski & Webster (NPR) | NF, NB, QC, ON |
Nehemitropia lividipennis (Mannerheim)* | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC, ON. USA: CA, LA, MA, MN, NE, NM, NY, PA, VT, TX |
Paragoniusa myrmicae Maruyama & Klimaszewski | NF, AB, BC |
Philhygra botanicarum (Muona)** | NF, LB, NB, NS, ON, SK, YT, BC |
Philhygra hygrotopora (Kraatz)* (NPR) | NF, NB |
Philhygra jarmilae Klimaszewski & Langor | NF, NB, ON, SK, YT |
Philhygra larsoni Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Philhygra luridipennis (Mannerheim)* | NF, NB, ON |
Philhygra malleoides Lohse | NF, QC, MB, NT. USA: AK |
Philhygra pohli Klimaszewski &Langor | NF |
Philhygra pseudopolaris Klimaszewski & Langor | NF, QC, MB, YT, NT. USA: AK |
Philhygra pseudoterminalis Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
Philhygra ripicoloides Lohse | NF, YT, NT |
Philhygra rostrifera Lohse | LB, SK, NT, YT. USA: AK |
Philhygra sinuipennis Klimaszewski & Langor | NF, LB, NB, SK, YT |
Philhygra varula (Casey) | NF, NB, QC, MB, QC |
Seeversiella globicollis (Bernhauer) | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, SK, AB, BC. USA: AZ, CO, ID, MN, MT, NH, SD, WI. Mexico. Guatemala |
Stethusa spuriella (Casey) (NPR) | NF, ON. USA: DE, GA, FL, IN, NY, OH, PA, MO |
Strigota ambigua (Erichson) | NF, NS. USA: CA, CO, CT, IA, KS, MO, NC, NJ, NM, NY, TX |
Trichiusa pseudopostica Klimaszewski & Langor | NF |
TRIBE LOMECHUSINI | |
Drusilla canaliculata (Fabricius)* | NF, NB, NS, PE, QC, ON. USA: AK, KY, NY |
Zyras obliquus (Casey) | NF, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, AB, BC. USA: MI, MO, NH, NY, OR |
SPECIES REMOVED FROM NF LIST | |
Atheta pratensis (Mäklin) [misidentification for A. subtilis] | USA: AK |
All specimens in this study were dissected to examine the genital structures. Extracted genital structures were dehydrated in absolute alcohol, mounted in Canada balsam on celluloid micro-slides, and pinned with the specimens from which they originated. Images of the entire body and the genital structures were taken using an image processing system (Nikon SMZ 1500 stereoscopic microscope; Nikon Digital Camera DXM 1200F, and Adobe Photoshop software).
Morphological terminology mainly follows that used by
LFC Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, R. Martineau Insectarium, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
MUN Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador (on long-term loan to D. Langor, Edmonton, Alberta)
AB – Alberta
BC – British Columbia
LB – Labrador
MB – Manitoba
NB – New Brunswick
NF – Newfoundland
NS – Nova Scotia
NT – Northwest Territories
NU – Nunavut
ON – Ontario
PE – Prince Edward Island
QC – Quebec
SK – Saskatchewan
YT – Yukon Territory
USA state abbreviations follow those of the US Postal Service.
Of the 189 species currently known from NL, 31 are adventive, 17 Holarctic, and 141 are Nearctic. The high percentage (16.4%) of adventive species is not surprising because NL was one of the first Canadian provinces with well-established trade with Europe dating back to the 17th century. Genera with the highest number of adventive species are Aleochara (5 spp.) and Atheta (5 spp.), and the tribe Athetini (15 spp., including 5 Atheta spp.), which contains the majority of aleocharine species. The relatively high percentage of Holarctic species (8.9%) found in NL is due to the distribution of some Holarctic species at higher latitudes in both North America and Europe (e.g., Gnypeta, many Philhygra, and some Atheta).
Detailed provincial faunal surveys provide a clear and comprehensive biodiversity dataset to establish baseline biodiversity composition where ecosystems are undergoing rapid change due to anthropogenic disturbances and climate change. Species from this family and subfamily are known to be exceptionally good ecological indicators and are increasingly being used to assess ecosystem resistance and resilience in the wake of development and environmental changes (
The extensive sampling efforts for insects in the province to date have resulted in 189 known aleocharine species. Undoubtedly, more will be discovered over time with additional sampling and further taxonomic study. However, we believe that due to intensive sampling efforts in NF and LB conducted in recent years (Langor in
Body length 3.0–6.5 mm, piceous-to-black, with tarsi, last articles of labial and maxillary palpi and often posterior margin of elytra rust-brown (Fig.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB, NS, QC, ON; USA: MI, WI |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Bog near Burgeo jct., 48.5612°N, 58.2638°W, 26-VI-2011, in moose dung, D. Langor & G. Pohl (MUN) 1 male; Blow Me Down, 49.050°N, 58.251°W, 26-VI-2010, in bear dung, D. Langor (MUN) 3 males; Cape Anguille, 47.899°N, 59.411°W, 22-VI-2010, sheep/horse dung, D. Langor (MUN) 1 male. |
References |
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In Newfoundland, adults were collected in moose dung near a bog, and in bear and sheep/horse dung. In New Brunswick, adults were captured from fresh moose dung in an eastern white cedar swamp and in decaying sea wrack resting on vegetation on the upper margin of a salt marsh (
Body length 4.5–7.0 mm, robust, dark brown to black, with legs, labial and maxillary palpi and most of elytra (except for scutellar section) rust-brown (Fig.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, YT, NT, BC; USA: CA, CO, MO, NH, NM, NV, OR, WA, WI |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Terra Nova National Park, Sandy Pond, 54.02°W, 48.49°N, beach rocks and detritus, 14.VIII.2014, D. & M. Langor (MUN) 5 males. |
References |
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In Newfoundland, adults were collected from among beach rocks and detritus. Elsewhere, adults were captured from flood debris, swampy areas, debris around dead elm and from a moose carcass (
Body length 4.0–6.0 mm, robust, dark brown to black, with legs or only tarsi, labial and maxillary palpi and most of elytra (except sides and for scutellar section) rust-brown to yellowish-brown (Fig.
Aleochara (Aleochara) gracilicornis Bernhauer: 15 habitus in dorsal view 16 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 17 median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 18 male tergite VIII 19 male sternite VIII 20 female tergite VIII 21 female sternite VIII 22 spermatheca. Scale bar of habitus = 1 mm; remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB, NS, QC, ON, MB, SK, AB, YT, NT, BC; USA: AZ, CO, FL, IL, IN, KS, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, MT, NH, NJ, NM, NY, PA, RI, SD, UT |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Badger, N:o 256, 22-25.VI.51, Lindroth (MZH) 1 specimen; Badger, N:o 257, 22-23.VI.51, Lindroth (MZH) 1 specimen; Terra Nova, N:o 327, 26-28.VII.51, Lindroth (MZH) 2 specimens; Millertown, N:o 239, 14.VI.51, Lindroth (MZH) 1 specimen. |
References |
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In North America, adults were collected from debris among vegetation in a temporary creek, from leaves and debris at the edge of deciduous forest and from flood debris, in swampy habitats, and in an old beaver lodge and on carrion (
This species is easily distinguishable from other aleocharines by its distinctive body shape, integument with coarse and dense punctation and pubescence (Fig.
Ilyobates bennetti Donistorphe: 23 habitus in dorsal view 24 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 25 median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 26 male tergite VIII 27 male sternite VIII 28 female tergite VIII 29 female sternite VIII 30 spermatheca. Scale bar of habitus = 1 mm; remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Origin | Palaearctic, adventive in Canada |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB, NS, QC |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Barachois Pd. Prov. Pk., 48.483°N, 58.269°W, 11-VII-2011, mixed forest, Heather Beck (MUN) 1 male; Cheeseman Provincial Park, mixedwood boreal forest, 47.633°N, 59.256°W, pitfall trap, 23.VII.2012, Lorna Lafosse (MUN) 3 males, 2 females; same data except: 5.VIII.2012 (MUN) 2 females, 1 sex undetermined. |
References |
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In Newfoundland, specimens were captured in mixed boreal forest using pitfall traps. In New Brunswick, this adventive species was collected in litter at the base of a tree in a silver maple swamp, in flood debris along a river margin, and among decaying corncobs and cornhusks near a home in a forested residential area (
This adventive species is well established in eastern Canada.
Chilopora
americana
This species is easily recognized to genus by the shape of its habitus with subparallel body, deeply impressed and coarsely punctate first three visible abdominal tergites, elongate pronotum, very long tarsi with hind tarsi almost as long as tibia (Fig.
In Newfoundland, one female was captured in a pitfall trap in September from a coniferous forest. In Ontario, females of P. americana were found on a stream bank and in a dry stream bed under a rock (
This is the second record of this species from Canada, and it is much further east than the first record from Ontario by
Homalota
gracilenta
This species is easily distinguishable from other aleocharines by its small (1.8–3.4 mm) and elongate body (Fig.
Origin | Palaearctic, adventive in Canada |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB, ON |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: St. John’s, 47.52°N, 52.785°W, Int. Crop 2007/Plot 2, # 191, 7-VII-2007, Peggy Dixon (MUN) 1 male. |
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Alevonota gracilenta apparently prefers a wide range of unforested habitats in its native range, but is usually only collected in small numbers and using passive traps (
The accidental introduction of this obscure Palaearctic species into North America is surprising and may be recent as all known first discovered specimens are from 2009–2010 from two contiguous counties in southern Ontario (
Atheta giguereae may be distinguished by the following combination of characters: body length 2.7 mm, narrowly elongate, dark brown with paler legs and basal antennal articles, integument strongly glossy (Fig.
Atheta (Dimetrota) giguereae Klimaszewski & Webster: 44 habitus in dorsal view 45 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 46 median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 47 male tergite VIII 48 male sternite VIII 49 female tergite VIII 50 female sternite VIII 51 spermatheca. Scale bar of habitus = 1 mm; remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
In Newfoundland, one female was collected in a pitfall trap in a mixed boreal forest in July. In New Brunswick, Atheta giguereae was found in mature and old-growth eastern white cedar swamps, a mixed forest, an old-growth northern hardwood forest, and an old white pine stand (
Atheta
(s. str.)
klagesi
Atheta klagesi is very similar to A. pseudoklagesi, and may be distinguished from it by the following combination of characters: body slightly smaller in size and more glossy, yellowish spots on elytra more intense, more intense yellowish colouration of legs, bases of antennae and maxillary palps and overall more contrasting body colour (Fig.
Atheta (Pseudota) klagesi Bernhauer: 52 habitus in dorsal view 53 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 54 apical part of tubus of median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 55 median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 56 male tergite VIII 57 male sternite VIII 58 female tergite VIII 59 female sternite VIII 60 spermatheca. Scale bar of habitus = 1 mm; remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB; for the rest of Canada and the USA, specimens previously identified as this species need to be re-examined. |
Revised records | Revised provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Gallants Rd. 2.2 km from TCH, ARNEWS plot, 48.677°N, 58.195°W, 16-VIII-1995, pitfall trap, W. Bowers (MUN) 2 females; same data as before, except: 31-VII-1995 (MUN) 2 females, 25-VII-1995 (MUN) 3 males; Glide Lake, 15-VIII-1996, trap 1-F-3 (MUN) 1 sex unknown; same data as before, except: trap 3-F-1 (MUN) female; Butterpot Provincial Park, 47.381°N, 53.044°W, pitfall trap, 26.IX.2012, Andrea Pretty (MUN) 1 male. |
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In Newfoundland, adults were collected in pitfall traps in boreal conifer forests in July and August.
See comments under the next species.
This is a sibling species of A. klagesi and was previously confused with the latter in collections. It may be distinguished from A. klagesi by its slightly larger size, less glossy body, less intense yellowish colouration of spots on elytra, legs, bases of antennae and maxillary palps, and overall less contrasting body colour (Fig.
Atheta (Pseudota) pseudoklagesi Klimaszewski & Webster: 61 habitus in dorsal view 62 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 63 median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 64 male tergite VIII 65 male sternite VIII 66 female tergite VIII 67 female sternite VIII 68 spermatheca. Scale bar of habitus = 1 mm; remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB, for the rest of Canada previously identified specimens must be re-examined. |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Gallants, 25-VII-1994, ARNEWS 9-102, W. Bowers (MUN) 1 male; same data as before except: ARNEWS 7-102, 23-VIII-1994 (MUN) 1 male, ARNEWS 9-102, 23-VIII-1994 (MUN) 1 male, ARNEWS 9-102, 26-VII-1994 (MUN) 1 female; Gallants Rd. 2.2 km from TCH, ARNEWS plot, 48.677°N, 58.195°W, 10-VII-1995, pitfall trap, W. Bowers (MUN) 1 male; same data as before except: 25-VII-1995 (MUN) 1 male, 2 female, 23-VIII-1995 (MUN) 3 males, 1 sex unknown, 16-VIII-1995 (MUN) 2 females, 18-VII-1995 (MUN) 1 male; North Harbor, Grand Lake ARNEWS plot, 48.987°N, 57.628°W, 24-VII-1995, pitfall trap, W. Bowers (MUN) 1 female; same data as before, except: 16-VIII-1995 (MUN) 1 female, 23-VIII-1995 (MUN) 1 female, 28-VIII-1995 (MUN) 1 male, 48.988°N, 57.629°W, 10-VII-1995 (MUN) 1 female; Big Bonne Bay Pond ARNEWS Plot, 49.338°N, 57.537°W, 23-VIII-1995, pitfall trap, W. Bowers (MUN) 1 sex unknown. |
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In Newfoundland, adults were collected in pitfall traps in boreal forests in July and August. In New Brunswick, adults of this species were found in mature mixed forest, old-growth and old white spruce and balsam fir forests, a mature red spruce forest, and in a wet alder swamp. Specimens were collected from coral fungi on a Populus log, fleshy polypore fungi at base of a dead standing Populus, in decaying gilled mushrooms, in gilled mushrooms, and under bark of red spruce (
In the past, the two sibling species were mixed together and identified as A. klagesi. All material across Canada and the USA needs to be re-examined for understanding the true distribution of the two species. In this paper, only Newfoundland and New Brunswick specimens were re-evaluated (
(female). Canada, Newfoundland, St. Teresa, 48.3976°N, 58.6201°W, 2 m altitude, 26-VI-2011, under detritus upper beach, D. Langor & G. Pohl (LFC).
Canada, Newfoundland: Cape Broyle, 47.0954°N, 52.9525°W, 2 m altitude, 23-VI-2011, in vegetation and gravel on river bank, D. Langor & G. Pohl (MUN) 1 female; Cheeseman Provincial Park, 47.625°N, 59.271°W, 4 m altitude, 23-VI-2011, under beach detritus, D. Langor & G. Pohl (MUN) 1 female; Same data as before except: 47.633°N, 59.255°W, 27-VII-2011, treading marsh shore (LFC) 1 male; same data as before except: 2 m altitude, in detritus along seashore (LFC, MUN) 2 males; Searston, 47.828°N, 59.329°W, 7 m altitude, 23-VI-2011, under seaweed on sandy beach, D. Langor & G. Pohl (MUN) 1 male; Stephenville Crossing, 48.513°N, 58.454°W, 3 m, 22-VI-2011, D. Langor & G. Pohl (LFC, MUN) 2 males, 2 females.
Pseudovestita is a Latin adjective derived from the specific name of a very similar, adventive Palaearctic species occurring in Newfoundland – A. vestita (Gravenhorst) and the prefix pseudo meaning false.
Body length 3.5–3.9 mm; body moderately narrow (Fig.
Atheta (Thinobaena) pseudovestita Klimaszewski & Langor, sp. n.: 69 habitus in dorsal view 70 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 71 median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 72 male tergite VIII 73 male sternite VIII 74 female tergite VIII 75 female sternite VIII 76 spermatheca. Scale bar of habitus = 1 mm; remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Known only from Newfoundland, Canada.
This species was found in Newfoundland under detritus along seashore, under seaweed on sandy beaches, in vegetation and gravel on riverbanks, and on the edge of a marsh very close to a shoreline. Adults were collected in June.
This species is very similar externally to a Palaearctic adventive species found in NB, NS and NF. Both species may be mixed up in collections. Atheta pseudovesita may be distinguished from A. vestita by the following combination of characters: body distinctly more glossy, colouration darker and predominantly dark brown (light brown in A. vestita), pubescence on forebody sparser and punctation more distinct, tergites and sternites VIII similar in both species, median lobe of aedeagus narrowly elongate apically in A. vestita (Fig. 304b in
Homalota
rigidicornis
There are two adventive species of Callicerus reported from Canada (
Origin | Palaearctic, adventive in Canada |
Distribution | Canada: NL, ON. |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: St. John’s, 47.52°N, 52.785°W, Int. Crop 2007/Plot 1, #187, 2007, Peggy Dixon (MUN), 1 female; Int. Crop 2007/Plot 5, #182, 2007, (MUN), 1 female. |
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The Newfoundland females were captured using pitfall traps in agricultural fields in 2007. In Ontario, specimens were collected in agricultural hedgerows using pitfall traps in 2009 and 2010 (
Callicerus rigidicornis was recorded from North America as an adventive species for the first time based on Ontario specimens collected in agricultural hedgerows (
Homalota
luteola
This species may be distinguishable from other Mocyta species by its bicoloured body, dark brown head and posterior part of pronotum contrasting with reddish-brown or yellowish-brown pronotum, elytra, base of abdomen and appendages (Fig.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB, QC, ON. USA: MA, MN, NY |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: LaManche Prov. Pk., 47.165°N, 52.899°W, 1-VIII-2011, conifer forest, pitfall trap, Doug Harrison (MUN) 1 female. |
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In Newfoundland, one female was captured in a pitfall trap in a boreal conifer forest. Most adults from Quebec were collected in yellow birch- and balsam fir-dominated forest using pitfall traps (
This species is probably more widely distributed in Newfoundland than the single record suggests.
This species may be distinguishable from other Mocyta species by its large and dark brown to black pronotum, elytra about as long as pronotum (Figs
Mocyta sphagnorum Klimaszewski & Webster: 93, 94 habitus in dorsal view (male, female) 95 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 96 male tergite VIII 97 male sternite VIII 98 female tergite VIII 99 female sternite VIII 100 spermatheca. Scale bar of habitus = 1 mm; remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB, QC, ON |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Gallants Rd. 2.2 km from TCH, ARNEWS plot, 48.677°N, 58.195°W, 28-VIII-1995, pitfall trap, W. Bowers (MUN) 1 female; same data as before, except: 18-VII-1995 (MUN) 1 female, 23-VIII-1995 (MUN) 1 female, 16-VIII-1995 (MUN) 2 females; North Harbor, Grand Lake ARNEWS plot, 48.987°N, 57.628°W, 28-VIII-1995, pitfall trap, W. Bowers (MUN) 1 female; same data as before, except: 18-VII-1995, 1 male; Lockston Path Prov. Pk., 48.430°N, 53.361°W, 18-VII-2011, pitfall trap, P. Perry (MUN) 1 female; Glide Lk, 23-VI-1994, bF cut, trap 4-C-10, Bowers et al. (MUN) 1 male; York Harbour, 49.0555°N, 53.3687°W, 28-VI-2010, under seashore detritus, D. Langor (MUN) 1 female; Cheeseman Provincial Park, 47.633°N, 59.256°W, pitfall trap, 25.VIII.2012, Lorna Lafosse (MUN) 9 females; same data except: 10.IX.2012 (MUN) 9 females; Salmon River near Main River, 51.174°N, 56.0181°W, tidal flats, under rocks/debris, 3.VII.2012, D. Langor & G. Pohl (MUN) 1 female; x.s. TCH & Terra Nova River, detritus on sand, 48.638°N, 54.039°W, 18.VIII.2014, D. & M. Langor (MUN) 1 female. |
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In Newfoundland, adults were collected in pitfall traps in boreal mixedwood and conifer forests and from under seashore detritus. In New Brunswick, adults were found in sphagnum moss and litter in calcareous eastern white cedar fens, in a black spruce forest, and one individual was collected from moldy conifer duff at the base of a large pine in a mixed forest (Klimaszewski et al. 2015). Adults were found in April and May in New Brunswick, and June to August elsewhere.
This species is probably more widely distributed in the boreal forest of Canada. Some specimens from Cheeseman Provincial Park are tentatively associated with this species because the antecostal suture of female sternite VIII was not straight like in typical forms but was strongly sinuate medially. These specimens were excluded from M. fungi (Gravenhorst) because of the short elytra, about as long as the pronotum, while the elytra are longer than the pronotum in M. fungi.
Atheta (Stethusa) spuriella
Casey, 1910: 8. As Stethusa:
This species may be distinguishable from two other Nearctic Stethusa species by the following combination of characters (
Stethusa spuriella (Casey): 101 habitus in dorsal view 102 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 103 median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view 104 male tergite VIII 105 male sternite VIII 106 female tergite VIII 107 female sternite VIII 108 spermatheca. Figures
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: NL, ON; USA: DE, FL, GA, IN, MO, NY, OH, PA |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: Barachois Pd. Prov. Pk., 48.483°N, 58.269°W, 11-VII-2011, mixed forest, pitfall trap, Heather Beck, (MUN) 1 female. |
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In Newfoundland, one female was captured in a pitfall trap in mixed forest. In Ontario, Stethusa spuriella appears to be a common species in both forested and open habitats, some specimens were captured on fungi (
This species probably reaches its northernmost distribution limit in Newfoundland.
Homalota
hygrotopora
This species may be distinguishable from two other similar Nearctic species of Philhygra by the following combination of characters: body length 3.4 mm; body narrow with subparallel sides; antennae, head, pronotum, and abdomen dark brown, legs and elytra yellowish-brown (Fig.
Philhygra hygrotopora (Kraatz): 109 habitus in dorsal view 110 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 111 male tergite VIII 112 male sternite VIII 113 female tergite VIII 114 female sternite VIII 115 female terminal segments (pygidium). Scale bar of habitus = 1 mm; remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Origin | Palaearctic and adventive in Canada |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB |
New records | New provincial record; NEWFOUNDLAND: St. John’s, Bowering Park, 47.525°N, 52.749°W, 30-VI-2010, in gravel/moss on riverbank, D. Langor & G.R. Pohl (LFC, MUN), 12 males, 4 females; same data as before, except: 1-VII-2010, in moss along riverbank, D. Langor (MUN) 1 male, 1 female; Searston, 47.828°N, 59.329°W, 23-VI-2010, under seaweed on sandy beach, D. Langor (MUN) 1 male; Newfoundland Drive, 47.6010°N, 52.7117°W, 20-VI-2009, 83 m, sweeping, D. Langor, (MUN) 1 female. |
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In Newfoundland, specimens were found in gravel and moss on a riverbank, under seaweed on a sandy beach, and by sweeping vegetation in riparian habitat. In New Brunswick, P. hygrotopora were found in moss near the splash zone of a waterfall, in gravel on the margin of a shaded spring-fed brook near a waterfall, among gravel on a gravel bar along a shaded brook in a northern hardwood forest, and in gravel along a cold shaded brook. A few individuals were found under decaying seaweed on a sea beach. Adults were collected during June, July, August, and September.
(female). Canada, Newfoundland, Butterpot Provincial Park, 47.381°N, 53.044°W, pitfall trap, 26.IX.2012, Andrea Pretty (LFC).
Canada, Newfoundland: Butterpot Provincial Park, 47.381°N, 53.044°W, pitfall trap, 11.VIII.2012, Andrea Pretty (LFC, MUN) 2 males, 1 female; same data except: 4.VIII.2012 (MUN) 1 female, 6.IX.2012 (MUN) 1 female.
This species is named after Andrea Pretty, an enthusiastic entomophilic park interpreter who collected the type series in Butterpot Provincial Park.
Body length 2.7–3.0 mm; body moderately narrow, sides subparallel (Fig.
Silusa prettyae Klimaszewski & Langor, sp. n.: 116 habitus in dorsal view 117 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 118 median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 119 male tergite VIII 120 male sternite VIII 121 female tergite VIII 122 female sternite VIII 123 spermatheca. Scale bar of habitus = 1 mm; remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Known only from Butterpot Provincial Park in southeastern Newfoundland, Canada.
Adults were collected in August and September in pitfall traps in coniferous boreal forest.
This species is very similar externally to S. californica Bernhauer but may be separated from it by: its smaller body with shorter elytra (elytra at suture about as long as pronotum along median line); light brown colour with darker antennae, head, and posterior elytra and abdomen; and differently shaped spermatheca in lateral view (Fig.
This species may be distinguished by its body shape (Fig.
Myllaena procidua Casey: 124 habitus in dorsal view 125 median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 126 median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 127 male tergite VIII 128 male sternite VIII 129 female tergite VIII 130 female sternite VIII 131 spermatheca. Scale bar of habitus = 1 mm; remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Origin | Nearctic |
Distribution | Canada: NL, NB, QC. USA: MA, MD, VA |
New records | New provincial record; Canada, NEWFOUNDLAND: Port au Port, Pen., Mainland, 48.5589°N, 59.1874°W, 9 m, 28-VII-2011, margin of stream, D. Langor & G. Pohl (MUN) 1 male; Blow Me Down, 49.049°N, 58.253°W, 400 m, banks of river, 26-VI-2010, D. Langor (MUN) 1 male. |
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The Newfoundland specimens were taken on the gravel banks of a stream and a river. In New Brunswick, adults occurred along river (clear water) margins among cobblestones set in sand and fine gravel at the water’s edge, or among gravel at the edge of the water (
We thank: Heather Beck, Doug Harrison, Dustin Hartley, Emily Herdman, Lorna LaFosse, Matthew Langor, Shelley Pardy-Moores, Patti Perry, Greg Pohl, Lisa Pollett, Andrea Pretty, Kevin Robertson, and Bruce Rodrigues for help with sampling, sorting, and sample preparation; Pamela Cheers (English Editor at LFC) for editing the first draft of the manuscript; and Diane Paquet (LFC) for formatting it. This research was supported by Natural Resources Canada and by the Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Environment and Conservation.