Research Article |
Corresponding author: Jan Klimaszewski ( jklimaszewski@cfl.forestry.ca ) Academic editor: Volker Assing
© 2015 Jan Klimaszewski, Reginald P. Webster, Caroline Bourdon, Georges Pelletier, Benoit Godin, David W. Langor.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Klimaszewski J, Webster RP, Bourdon C, Pelletier G, Godin B, Langor DW (2015) Review of Canadian species of the genus Mocyta Mulsant & Rey (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae), with the description of a new species and a new synonymy. ZooKeys 487: 111-139. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.487.9151
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Six species of the genus Mocyta Mulsant & Rey are reported from Canada: Mocyta amblystegii (Brundin), M. breviuscula (Mäklin), M. discreta (Casey), M. fungi (Gravenhorst), M. luteola (Erichson), and M. sphagnorum Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. New provincial and state records include: M. breviuscula – Saskatchewan and Oregon; M. discreta – Quebec, Ontario and Saskatchewan; M. luteola – New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Massachusetts and Minnesota; and M. fungi – Saskatchewan. Mocyta sphagnorum is described from eastern Canada from specimens captured in Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Quebec and Ontario. Mocyta negligens Mulsant and Rey, a native European species suspected of occurring in Canada, is excluded from the Nearctic fauna based on comparison of European types with similarly coloured Canadian specimens, which are now identified as M. luteola. The European species, Mocyta gilvicollis (Scheerpeltz), is synonymized with another European nominal species, M. negligens, based on examination of type material of the two species. Lectotypes are designated for Eurypronota discreta Casey, Atheta gilvicollis Scheerpeltz, Homalota luteola Erichson, Colpodota negligens Mulsant and Rey, Acrotona prudens Casey and Dolosota redundans Casey. The latter species is here synonymized with M. luteola. A review of the six Nearctic species is provided, including keys to species and closely related genera, colour habitus images, images of genitalia, biological information and maps of their distributions in Canada.
Coleoptera , Staphylinidae , Aleocharinae , Mocyta , taxonomy, Canada
There has been considerable confusion about the taxonomic status of the genus Mocyta Mulsant & Rey, 1874. Species have historically been assigned to many genera including Atheta Thomson, 1858, Acrotona Thomson, 1859, Colpodota Mulsant & Rey, 1873, Dolosota Casey, 1910, Eurypronota Casey, 1894, and Homalota Mannerheim, 1830.
We believe that species of Mocyta constitute a monophyletic evolutionary lineage defined by the shape of the spermatheca, antennal and pronotal structure, and pubescence and punctation patterns. The genus is externally similar to Acrotona, Strigota and Atheta, sharing with the two former genera a strongly deflexed hypomeron on the pronotum, which is not visible in lateral view. Molecular studies by
Approximately 1000 adults of the genus Mocyta from Canada were studied, and most specimens were dissected to examine the genitalic structures that were dehydrated in absolute alcohol, mounted in Canada balsam on celluloid microslides, and pinned with the specimens from which they originated. Images of the entire body and the genital structures were taken using an image processing system (Nikon SMZ 1500 stereoscopic microscope; Nikon Digit-like Camera DXM 1200F, and Adobe Photoshop software).
Morphological terms mainly follow those used by
The structure of antennae, body proportions including size, shape and convexity of pronotum, density of punctures on the forebody, and the shape of the spermatheca, particularly that of the capsule with apical invagination, provide the best diagnostic characteristics for species of Mocyta. The shape of the median lobe of the aedeagus is generally similar in all species of Mocyta occurring in Canada, except for some structures of the internal sac, but several features differ among species, including: the shape of sternite VIII and the form of its basal suture (antecostal suture); the distance between the antecostal suture and the base of the disc; and the shape of the apical part of the disc. In addition, there is great diversity in the form of the spermathecal stem and particularly its posterior part with variable coils and twists within the same species.
AAFC Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Atlantic Cool Climate Crop Research Centre, St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
BGC Benoit Godin Collection, Whitehorse, Yukon Territory, Canada.
CNC Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
CCL Centre de Conservation et d’Etude des Collections Musée des Confluences, Lyon, France.
LFC Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, R. Martineau Insectarium, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
NHMV Natural History Museum, Vienna, Austria.
RWC Reginald Webster Collection, Charters Settlement, New Brunswick, Canada.
USNM United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA.
ZMB Zoological Museum of Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
ZML Museum of Zoology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
ZMH Zoological Museum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
New jurisdictional records are indicated in bold type.
I. Mocyta amblystegii species group
1) Mocyta amblystegii (Brundin, 1952), Holarctic. Canada: YT, NT, NU; USA: AK.
2) Mocyta breviuscula (Mäklin, 1852), Nearctic. Canada: YT, BC, AB, SK, ON, QC, NB, NS, LB, NF; USA: OR, AK.
3) Mocyta fungi (Gravenhorst, 1806), Palaearctic, adventive in North America, cosmopolitan in many regions of the world. Canada: YT, NU, BC, AB, SK, ON, QC, NB, NS, PE, LB, NF; USA: AK.
II. Mocyta luteola species group
4) Mocyta luteola (Erichson, 1839), Nearctic, new Canadian record. Canada: NB, QC, ON; USA: IN, MA, MN, NY, WI.
III. Mocyta discreta species group
5) Mocyta discreta (Casey, 1894), Nearctic, new Canadian record. Canada: QC, ON; USA: IA, MN.
6) Mocyta sphagnorum Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. Canada: NF, NB, QC, ON.
Each species is cited with its currently known distribution in Canada and USA. Data for distribution map (Canada only) were extracted from specimens in collections. Geographic coordinates were standardized using the NAD83 datum, and maps projected onto a Lambert Conic Conformal using ESRI ArcMap version 10 for Windows. The following abbreviations are used in the text for Canadian provinces and territories:
AB – Alberta, BC – British Columbia, LB – Labrador, MB – Manitoba, NB – New Brunswick, NF – Newfoundland (island), NS – Nova Scotia, NT – Northwest Territories, NU – Nunavut, ON – Ontario, PE – Prince Edward Island, QC – Quebec, SK – Saskatchewan, YT – Yukon Territory.
USA state abbreviations follow those of the USA Postal Service.
[Canadian genera with pronotal hypomeron not visible in lateral view]
1 | Antennae thick, articles V-X more or less transverse (Fig. |
Strigota Casey |
– | Antennae in most specimens thin, articles V-X subquadrate or slightly transverse (Figs |
2 |
2 | Antennae very thin and pale, in most specimens contrasting in colour with head, articles V-X subquadrate, transverse to slightly elongate (Figs 3a–8a, e); pronotum broad and shield-shaped, often broader than maximum width of elytra, pubescence moderately dense and directed straight posteriad or obliquely posterolaterad from midline of disc (Figs |
Mocyta Mulsant & Rey |
– | Antennae normally developed and not appearing very thin, usually not strongly contrasting in colour with head (Fig. |
Acrotona Thomson |
Strigota ambigua (Erichson): 1a habitus in dorsal view 1b median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 1c median lobe of aedeagus in ventral view 1d male tergite VIII 1e male sternite VIII 1f spermatheca 1g female tergite VIII 1h female sternite VIII. Figures 1b–h after
Acrotona subpygmaea (Bernhauer): 2a habitus in dorsal view 2b median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 2c median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 2d male tergite VIII 2e male sternite VIII 2f spermatheca 2g female tergite VIII 2h female sternite VIII. Scale bar for habitus = 1 mm, and the remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
For synonymy, see
Mocyta may be distinguished from the other genera of Canadian Aleocharinae except for Acrotona Thomson and Strigota Casey, by having the pronotal hypomeron not visible in lateral view. From Acrotona and Strigota, as well as other aleocharine genera, it may be distinguished by the following combination of characters: antennae very thin and pale, in most specimens contrasting with body colour (Figs
The shape of the spermatheca in Acrotona is different, with a capsule more or less spherical and extended to a broad and long neck, often pitcher-shaped, and a stem that is broader than that in Mocyta, regularly coiled posteriorly and often with a swelled apex (Fig.
1 | Body bicoloured, head and at least posterior part of abdomen brown to almost black, and remainder of the body reddish to yellowish-brown, pronotum in most specimens paler than the rest of the body, in some specimens elytra mottled with small and irregular in shape darker spots (Figs |
2 |
– | Body uniformly brown to black except for paler appendages in most specimens | 3 |
2 | Pronotum approximately as broad as elytra (Fig. |
Mocyta luteola (Erichson) |
– | Pronotum much broader than elytra (Fig. |
Mocyta discreta (Casey) |
3 | Elytra distinctly longer than pronotum (Figs |
4 |
– | Elytra as long as or slightly shorter than pronotum (Figs |
5 |
4 | Pronotum approximately rectangular in shape, gradually narrowed in apical third of its length (Fig. |
Mocyta fungi (Gravenhorst) |
– | Pronotum approximately trapezoidal in shape, strongly narrowed apically from basal third of its length (Fig. |
Mocyta amblystegii (Brundin) |
5 | Pronotum as broad as elytra (Fig. |
Mocyta breviuscula (Mäklin) |
– | Pronotum in many specimens broader than elytra (Fig. |
Mocyta sphagnorum Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. |
Diagnosis. Body entirely dark brown to black except for light-coloured appendages; pronotum moderately transverse, approximately as broad as elytra or slightly broader, sides arcuate, pubescence directed posteriad only in midline and obliquely posteriad elsewhere (Figs
Atheta amblystegii
Body narrowly oval (Fig.
Mocyta amblystegii (Casey): 3a habitus in dorsal view 3b, c median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 3d median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 3e male tergite VIII 3f male sternite VIII 3g–h spermatheca 3i female tergite VIII 3j female sternite VIII. Scale bar for habitus = 1 mm, and the remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Adults are externally similar to those of M. fungi and may be identified with certainty by the pear-shaped capsule of spermatheca. The presence of males in Canadian populations of M. amblystegii and lack of males in Canadian populations of M. fungi may also aid in identification of this species.
Mocyta amblystegii is, according to Lohse (
Adults were found under leaf litter and in moss (
Homalota breviuscula Mäklin in Mannerheim, 1852: 309;
Acrotona prudens
Body narrowly oval (Fig.
Mocyta breviuscula (Brundin): 4a habitus in dorsal view 4b median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 4c median lobe of aedeagus in dorsal view 4d male tergite VIII 4e male sternite VIII 4f spermatheca in lateral view 4g female tergite VIII 4h female sternite VIII. Scale bar for habitus = 1 mm, and the remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
The combination of uniform body colour, elytra no longer than pronotum, distinct shape of spermatheca with deep capsular invagination, and shape of male sternite VIII with broad space between base of disc and antecostal suture, can distinguish M. breviuscula from the remaining Nearctic congeners.
Mocyta breviuscula is a native Canadian species distributed transcontinentally in northern Canada, and it was also reported from Alaska, California and Nevada (
In Newfoundland, adults were frequently caught in pitfall traps in various forest types (birch, spruce-lichen, spruce-poplar, fir), in vegetation on coastal sand dunes, on shrubby limestone barrens and in disturbed fields amongst grass and weeds (
CANADA: Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, 28.IX.1976, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 1 male.
UNITED STATES: Oregon, Grant Co., Strawberry Range, Strawberry Lake, 1920 m, 1.VI.1989, A. Smetana, NA21(CNC)3 males, 1 female.
Aleochara fungi
Body broadly oval (Fig.
This species is externally very similar to M. amblystegii and may be identified with certainty only by the shape of the spermatheca. The presence of males in Canadian populations of M. amblystegii and lack of males in Canadian populations of M. fungi may also aid in the identification of these species.
Palaearctic, adventive in North America, cosmopolitan in many regions of the world (
Mocyta fungi is represented in North America by parthenogenetic females only. In Newfoundland, adults were collected in pitfall traps in cut and burned balsam fir, birch, spruce-poplar and riparian forests, in agricultural fields and amongst vegetation on coastal sand dunes (
CANADA: Saskatchewan: Cypress Hills, wet willow stand, 49,5978°, -109,9231°, 1134 m, 2.IX.2012, 2 males; wet pond, riparian, 49,6704°, -109,5005°, 1189 m (LFC) 1 female.
Diagnosis. Pronotum strongly transverse, 1.5 times broader than long, sides arcuate, pubescence directed posteriad in midline and central part of the disc (Fig.
Homalota luteola
Dolosota redundans
Body narrowly elongate (Fig.
This native Nearctic species is reported in Canada for the first time from New Brunswick, Quebec, and Ontario (Map
Most adults from Quebec were collected in yellow birch and balsam fir dominated forest using pitfall traps (
CANADA: New Brunswick: Carleton Co., Bell Forest, 46.2152°N, 67.7192°W, 11.V.2005, river margin, under drift material, M.-A. Giguère & R. Webster (RWC) 1 sex undetermined; Charlotte Co., ca. 9 km NW of New River, 45.2096°N, 66.6483°W, 13.VI.2005, alder swamp near large brook, in grass and leaf litter, R.P. Webster (RWC) 1 male. Kent Co., Kouchibouguac Nat. Pk., 21.IX.1977, D.B. Lyons (CNC) 1 female; same data except A. Smetana (CNC) 1 female, and S.J. Miller (CNC) 1 female. Northumberland Co., Goodfellow Brook P.N.A., 46.8943°N, 65.3796°W, 23.V.2007, old-growth eastern white cedar swamp, in litter & grasses & moss on hummocks near water, R.P. Webster (RWC) 1 female; Restigouche Co., Jacquet River Gorge P.N.A., 47.8200°N, 66.0015°W, 13.V.2010, Carex marsh, under alders in leaf litter & moss near brook, R.P. Webster (RWC) 1 female; Saint John Co., Taylor’s Island, 45.2238°N, 66.1265°W, 26.VII.2004, sea beach, under decaying seaweed, R.P. Webster (RWC) 1 sex undetermined; Sunbury Co., 46.0173°N, 66.3741°W, 18.VI.2007, Road 16 regenerating forest, 8.5 year-old regenerating mixed forest, in sphagnum & leaf litter, R.P. Webster (RWC) 1 female; York Co., Canterbury, trail to Browns Mtn. Fen, 5.8978°N, 67.6273°W, 2.V.2005, Mature cedar forest near stream, sifting leaf litter, M. Giguère (RWC) 1 female; Rt. 645 at Beaver Brook, 45.6860°N, 66.8668°W, 3.V.2008, Carex marsh in litter at base of dead red maple, R.P. Webster (RWC) 1 female; Charters Settlement, 45.8395°N, 66.7391°W, 14.VI.2008, mixed forest, in decaying (moldy) corncobs & cornhusks, R.P. Webster (RWC) 1 female; 8.5 km W of Tracy, off Rt. 645, 45.6821°N, 66.7894°W, 6.V.2008, wet alder swamp, in leaf litter & grass on hummocks, R.P. Webster (RWC) 1 female. Quebec: Blandford, 13.V.1971, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 1 female; Hudson Heights, 24–30.VII.1956, Lindberg (CNC) 1 female; Montreal, 22.IX.1968, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 1 male; Montreal, 30.IX.1968, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 8 females; Montreal, 16.V.1969, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 2 females; Montreal, 5.X.1979, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 1 female; Montreal, 4.V.1980, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 1 female; Ormstown, 22.VIII.1980, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 1 female; Rigaud end Ch. de la Croix. 5.V.1988, A. & Z. Smetana (CNC) 2 females; Saint-Etienne, Lévis, 6.VI.1981, C. Chantal (CNC) 1 female; Ste-Catherine, Port., 5.VIII.1961, J.C. Aubé (CNC) 4 females; Scotstown, 29.V.2006, C. Levesque (LFC) 4 females, 1 sex?; Mcy Co., St-Joachim, 11.VI.1963, C. Chantal (CNC) 1 female; Sherbrooke, 20.IX.1972, Dondale and Redner (CNC) 1 female; Portneuf, ZEC Batiscan-Nelson, SSAM project, Sapinière à bouleau jaune, Lac des Étangs, 4 gaps, Pitfall trap 21, 46°58'08"N, 72°02'57"W, 30.VI–07.VII.2008, 1 specimen; Pitfall trap 23, 46°58'08"N, 72°02'57"W, 1 specimen; Lac Poissonneux, clear cut, Pitfall trap 66, 47°02'48"N, 72°07'29"W, 297 m, 12.VIII–19.VIII.2008, 1 specimen; 2 gaps, Pitfall trap 69, 47°02'N, 72°07'W, 15.VII–22.VII.2008, 1 specimen; Clear cut, Pitfall trap 95, 47°02'N, 72°07'W, 1 specimen; 2 gaps, Pitfall trap 98, 47°02'N, 72°07'W, 22.VII–29.VII.2008,1 specimen; 29.VII–05.VIII.2008, 1 specimen; 25.VI–02.VII.2008, 2 specimens; Pitfall trap 99, 27.V–03.VI.2008, 1 specimen; Pitfall trap 100, 12.VIII–19.VIII.2008, 1 specimen; Pitfall trap 101, 02.VII-08.VII.2008, 1 specimen; Pitfall trap 102,12.VIII–19.VIII.2008, 1 specimen; 22.VII-29.VII.2008, 1 specimen; 8 gaps, Pitfall trap 103, 47°02'N, 72°07'W, 22.VII-29.VII.2008, 1 specimen; Pitfall trap 105, 25.VI–02.VII.2008, 1 specimen; Pitfall trap 107, 25.VI-02.VII.2008, 1 specimen; 4 gaps, Pitfall trap 109, 47°02'N, 72°07'W, 25.VI–02.VII.2008, 2 specimens; 08.VII–15.VII.2008, 1 specimen; Pitfall trap 110, 1 specimen; 10.VI-17.VI.2008, 2 specimens; Pitfall trap 111, 17.VI–25.VI.2008, 1 specimen; 25.VI-02.VII.2008, 1 specimen; Pitfall trap 113, 08.VII–15.VII.2008, 1 specimen; 10.VI-17.VI.2008, 1 specimen.
Ontario: Ancaster, 28.III.1963, J.E.H. Martin (CNC) 4 females; Carleton Co., Fitzroy Prov. Pk., 2-3.V.1979, A. & Z. Smetana (CNC) 1 female; Mer Bleue, 3.III.1973, Redner and Starr (CNC) 27 females; Ottawa, Mer Bleue bog, 16.IV.1972, litter around raspberry, L. LeSage (CNC) 4 females, 1 sex?; Mer Bleue, 17.X.1980, en fauchant herbages dans un champ, L. LeSage (CNC) 7 females; Ottawa, 22.VIII.1912, Beaulieu (CNC) 1 female; Ottawa, Shirleys Bay, 2.V.1970, A. & Z. Smetana (CNC) 1 female; Ottawa, Mer Bleue bog, 23.IV.1982, ridge litter, L. LeSage (CNC) 5 females; Carlsbad Springs, Mer Bleue, 23.V.1980, A. Smetana (CNC) 9 females; Kinburn, 8.VI.1962, ex Microtus nest, J.E.H Martin (CNC) 9 females; Ottawa, Black Rapids, 19.VIII.1959, J.R. Vockeroth (CNC) 3 females; Osgoode, 20.X.1967, ex nest of Microtus pennsylvanicus, J.M. Campbell and A. Smetana (CNC) 7 females; 6 mi. W. Richmont, 28.III.1973, J.E.H. Martin (CNC) 1 female; Rondo Provincial Park, Marsh Trail, 2.VI.1985, tread Typha in marsh, A. Davies and J.M. Campbell (CNC) 1 female; South March, 19.X.1967, A. Smetana (CNC) 1 female; 19 mi. S. Temagami, 1-13.VIII.1973, J. Redner and C. Starr (CNC) 1 female; North Bay, 11.VII.1972, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 1 female.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: Massachusetts: Northampton, 5.XI.1978, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 2 females; Minnesota, Minneapolis, 25.VI.1958, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 1 female; New York: Chautauqua Co., Lake Shore, Sheridan, II.1968, ex nest of Microtus pennsylvanicus, A.H. Benton (CNC) 1 female.
In new material of Mocyta from Quebec and New Brunswick, we discovered an unrecorded bicoloured species from Canada that was similar in body size, coloration and shape of spermatheca to the native Mocyta luteola (Erichson) and the European Mocyta negligens (Mulsant & Rey) and Mocyta gilvicollis (Scheerpeltz). After examining the types and additional specimens of the two European species and Mocyta luteola and comparing them with Canadian individuals of our new species, we have concluded that our populations represent Mocyta luteola and that they are not conspecific with the two European species, as they differ in external morphological features such as body proportions, microsculpture, and shape and pubescence of pronotum. After examining the types of both nominal species (M. negligens, M. gilvicollis), and additional specimens from Europe, we found no significant morphological differences between the two species. Therefore these two European species are considered as conspecific, and M. gilvicollis is considered as a new synonym of M. negligens with details listed below (Figs
Colpodota negligens
LECTOTYPE (male): the specimen does not have any original label but it is from the historical Rey collection (CCL) and it is pinned next to the original name label by Rey. It bears V. Gusarov’s lectotype designation label (2000), and his identification label as Atheta fungi (Gravenhorst), 2000. Because this designation was never published, we formally designate this specimen as a lectotype and put our determination label as Mocyta negligens (Mulsant and Rey), J. Klimaszewski 2014.
PARALECTOTYPES: there are 4 syntypes (1 male, 3 females) in Rey’s collection that are here designated as paralectotypes. One of the syntypes (female) bears a black dot label, which indicates that the specimen was taken in Provence, in southeast France. The specimens bear Paralectotype designation labels by V. Gusarov (2000) but because these designations were not published, we formally designate them as paralectotypes. All are determined as Mocyta negligens (Mulsant and Rey), det. J. Klimaszewski 2014.
Atheta gilvicollis
LECTOTYPE (male): Typus; Atheta (Acrotona) gilvicollis; O. Scheerpeltz [red label]; female sign; Üttligen; IX.1943; ex coll. Scheerpeltz [blue card] (MNHV) examined, present designation.
PARALECTOTYPES: Erlach; X.1951; male sign; gilvicollis ex coll. Scheerpeltz [blue card]; Vienna Museum (NHMV) 1 male, examined; Frauenfeld; VII.1955; gilvicollis Scheerpeltz, ex coll. Scheerpeltz (NHMV) sex undetermined, examined, present designation.
Diagnosis. Pronotum large, transversely orbicular with rounded lateral and hind angles, usually much broader than elytra, pubescence directed posteriad only in midline and obliquely posteriad elsewhere (Figs
Eurypronota discreta
Body broadly oval (Fig.
This species is readily recognisable from other Mocyta species by its bicoloured body, large pronotum, very strong macrosetae on the apical part of the abdomen, and antennal articles V-X subquadrate to elongate.
This nearctic species is newly reported from Canada and the provinces of Ontario, Quebec and Saskatchewan (Map
In Ontario, adults were collected in forest litter, deciduous leaf mold, and maple forest from March through October. In Quebec, adults were found in maple-oak forest litter and other deciduous tree litter, from May through August. In Saskatchewan, adults were collected from deciduous forest litter in October.
CANADA: Ontario: 7 km W Petawawa, 16.IV.1988, A. Smetana (CNC) 1 male; Chaffeys Locks, 24.X.1971, forest litter, S. Peck (CNC) 4 females, 1 male, 2 sex undetermined; Kinburn, 8.IV.1962, Acer sp., J.E.H. Martin (CNC) 3 sex undetermined; 89 mi. N. Pickle Lake, 21.VI.1973, Campbell and Parry (CNC) 1 male; South March, 19.X.1967, A. Smetana (CNC) 1 female; Merivale, 19.VI.1953, deciduous leaf mold (CNC) 1 female; Mer Bleue, 3.VIII.1973, Redner and Starr (CNC) 1 sex undetermined. Quebec: Chelsea, 8.VI.1953, E.C. Becker (CNC) 1 sex undetermined; Chelsea, 22.VIII. 1957, J.R. Vockeroth (CNC) 1 sex undetermined; Danford Lake, 30.VI.1953, Berlese deciduous duff, E.C. Becker (CNC) 1 sex undetermined; Rigaud, 15.V.1979, A. Smetana and E.C. Becker (CNC) 1 male, 3 sex undetermined; Rigaud, end Ch. de la Croix, 5.V.1988, A. and Z. Smetana (CNC) 1 female, 1 sex undetermined; 5 km W. Farrellton, Lake Bernard, 8.VII.1973, maple-oak litter, A. Davies (CNC) 2 sex ? undetermined. Saskatchewan: Saskatoon, Saskatchewan River, 52.127°N, 106.662°W, 477 m, 6.X.2008, litter sifting, deciduous, B. Godin (BGC) 3 males, 3 females.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: Minnesota: Ramsey Co., Lake Vadnais, 10.V.1960, soil sample (CNC) 1 male; Brainerd, 10.VI.1965, E.J. Kiteley (CNC) 1 male [new state record].
(female). CANADA, New Brunswick, Restigouche Co., Berry Brook Protected Area, 47.81399°N, 66.75778°W, 26.V.2007, old-growth eastern white cedar swamp, in moss near brook, R.P. Webster (LFC).
CANADA: Newfoundland: R.A. Squires Prov. Pk., 23.VII.1970, D.E. Bright (CNC) 1 male. New Brunswick, Charlotte Co., Hwy 3 at Deadwater Brook, 45.4745°N, 67.1225°W, 23.IV.2006, Black spruce forest in Sphagnum, R.P. Webster (LFC) 1 male, 1 female; Hwy 3 at Deadwater Brook, 45.4745°N, 67.1225°W, 23.IV.2006, Black spruce forest, in sphagnum, R.P. Webster, (RWC) 3 males, 1 female; Carleton Co., Wakefield, Meduxnekeag Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1935°N, 67.8825°W, 19.IV.2005, mixed forest in moist moss, R. Webster (RWC) 1 female; Belleville, Meduxnekeag Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1907°N, 67.6740°W, 4.V.2006, conifer forest area, in moldy conifer duff at base of large white pine, R.P. Webster (RWC) 1 female; “Two Mile Brook Fen”, 46.3619°N, 67.6733°W, 5.VIII.2004, calcareous fen, in sphagnum moss & litter, J. Edsall & R. Webster (RWC) 1 sex undetermined; Restigouche Co., Berry Brook P.N.A., 47.81399°N, 66.75778°W, 26.V.2007, R.P. Webster // Old-growth eastern white cedar swamp, in moss near brook (RWC) 1 male. Ontario: 52 mi N Hurkett, Black Sturgeon Lake, 28.VI.1973, R. Parry and J.M. Campbell (LFC) 1 male; Mt. Tremblant Pk., 27.VI.1971, E.J. Kiteley (LFC) 1 female. Quebec: Gaspé Co., Mt-Albert, Sommet nord, 1000 m, 18.Vii.1985, sweeping field, F. Génier (LFC) 1 male.
Canada, New Brunswick: York Co., Canterbury Brown’s Mtn. Fen., 45.8965°N, 67.6344°W, 5.VIII.2004, mixed forest on decaying fungi, J. Edsall and R. Webster (LFC) 1 sex unknown. Quebec: Gaspé Co., Mt-Jacques-Cartier, 24.VII.1985, caribou dung, F. Génier and J. Klimaszewski (LFC) 1 male.
The specific name sphagnorum is an adjective, which derives from the generic name of Sphagnum, in the genitive plural, meaning “of the Sphagnum plant”, a dominant plant of the habitat where the species was found.
Body narrowly oval (Fig.
Mocyta sphagnorum sp. n.: 8a male habitus in dorsal view 8b median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 8c male tergite VIII 8d male sternite VIII 8e female habitus in dorsal view 8f spermatheca 8g female tergite VIII 8h female sternite VIII. Scale bar for habitus = 1 mm, and the remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
This species may be distinguishable from other Mocyta species by its large and dark brown to black pronotum, shape of spermatheca and apical structures of internal sac.
This nearctic species is known from Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Quebec and Ontario.
In New Brunswick, adults were found in sphagnum moss and litter in calcareous eastern white cedar fens and in a black spruce forest. One individual was collected from moldy conifer duff at the base of a large pine in a mixed forest. Adults were found in April and May in New Brunswick, and June to August elsewhere. This species seems to be associated with moist sphagnum moss.
Mocyta givicollis (Scheerpeltz) [images based on Types, Austria] (=M. negligens): 9a habitus in dorsal view 9b median lobe of aedeagus in lateral view 9c male tergite VIII 9d male sternite VIII 9e spermatheca in lateral view 9f female tergite VIII 9g female sternite VIII. Broken line indicates original border of bulbus which was distorted during preparations. Scale bar for habitus = 1 mm, and the remaining scale bars = 0.2 mm.
We thank Jon Sweeney (NRCan, Atlantic Forestry Centre) for reviewing the first draft of the manuscript and for his useful comments, Harold Labrique, Attaché de Conservation, Musée des Confluences, Lyon, France (CCL) for providing types of Colpodota negligens Mulsant & Rey; Christoffer Fägerström, curator of insect collection, Museum of Zoology, Lund University, Sweden (ZML) for providing specimens of Mocyta amlystegii from Sweden; Volker Assing (Hannover, Germany) for providing some specimens of Mocyta from Germany; Harald Schillhammer, Curator of Staphylinidae, Natural History Museum, Vienna, Austria (NHMV) for providing types of Atheta gilvicollis Scheerpeltz; Johannes Frisch (ZMB) for arranging a loan with types of Aleochara fungi Gravenhorst; Benoit Godin, Whitehorse, Yukon, for providing specimens of M. discreta from Saskatchewan, and Dave Furth and Floyd W. Shockley, curators (USNM) for loan of types of Eurypronota discreta Casey and other Casey types. Anthony Davies (CNC) arranged several specimens for study from the CNC collection in Ottawa. Pamela Cheers (LFC) edited and corrected the first draft of the manuscript and Jim Hammond (NoFC) prepared the maps. Natural Resources Canada provided the funding for this study.