The following seven new aleocharine species of the genus Schistoglossa Kraatz are described from Canada and the United States (New Hampshire): S. brunswickensis Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n.; S. charlottae Klimaszewski, sp. n.; S. campbelli Klimaszewski sp. n.; S. carexiana Klimaszewski, sp. n.; S. hampshirensis Klimaszewski, sp. n.; S. pseudocampbelli Klimaszewski & Webster sp. n.; and S. sphagnorum Klimaszewski & Webster, sp. n. All are illustrated by digital images of the entire body and the genital structures and compared with western Palaearctic species. Data on bionomics and distribution are provided. A checklist of Nearctic species and a key to Canadian species of the genus are presented. Boreophilia blatchleyi (Bernhauer & Scheerpeltz, 1926) is transferred to the genus Schistoglossa, and the previously unknown female is illustrated. One new subgenus is erected, Schistoglossa (Boreomorpha), to accommodate some species of the genus.