Abstract The world species of the genus Oreiscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae) are revised. Nineteen species are recognized, of which four were previously named and are redescribed: O. sechellensis Kieffer (Seychelles), O. turneri Nixon (Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, Malawi, Mozambique, Somalia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe), O. alluaudi (Risbec) (Madagascar) and O. rugosus Sundholm (South Africa). The following species are described as new: O. aequalis Talamas, n. sp. (Central African Republic); O. badius Talamas & Johnson, n. sp. (Botswana); O. coracinus Talamas & Johnson, n. sp. (Botswana, Cameroon, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Yemen, Zimbabwe); O. cultrarius Talamas, n. sp. (Tanzania); O. gryphus Talamas & Johnson, n. sp. (Cameroon, Central African Republic); O. iommii Talamas, n. sp. (South Africa); O. magnipennis Talamas, n. sp. (Kenya, Uganda); O. majikununuensis van Noort, n. sp. (Tanzania); O. megadontus Talamas, n. sp. (Tanzania); O. naevus Talamas & Johnson, n. sp. (Madagascar); O. paradoxus Talamas, n. sp. (Uganda, Zimbabwe); O. rostratus Talamas & Masner, n. sp. (Madagascar); O. scapularis Talamas, n. sp. (Madagascar); O. zulu Talamas & Polaszek, n. sp. (South Africa); O. zuzkae Talamas & Johnson, n. sp. (Benin, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe). An electronic version of the identification key is available at WaspWeb.