Data Paper |
Corresponding author: Ana I. Camacho ( mcnac22@mncn.csic.es ) Academic editor: Saskia Brix
© 2017 Ana I. Camacho, Beatriz A. Dorda, Begoña Sanchez Chillón, Isabel Rey.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Camacho AI, Dorda BA, Chillón BS, Rey I (2017) The collection of Bathynellacea specimens of MNCN (CSIC) Madrid: microscope slices and DNA extract. ZooKeys 678: 31-63. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.678.11543
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This is the first published database of a Bathynellacea Chappuis, 1915 collection of slices and DNA extracts. It includes all data of bathynellaceans (Crustacea: Syncarida) collected in the last 48 years (1968 to 2016) on the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands, studied since 1984. It also includes specimens studied across many countries of Europe (Portugal, Romania, France, Italy, Slovenia, Bulgaria, and England), as well as some specimens obtained from samples of North America (Montana, Washington, Alaska and Texas), South America (Brazil, Chile and Argentina), Asia (China, Thailand, Vietnam, Mongolia and India), Africa (Morocco and Chad) and Australia (New South Wales –NSW- and Queensland). The samples come from groundwater (caves, springs, wells and hyporrheic habitat associated with rivers) obtained from both, sampling campaigns and occasional sampling efforts.
The data set includes 3399 records (2657 slices and 742 DNA extracts) corresponding to three families (Parabathynellidae Noodt, 1965, Leptobathynellidae Noodt, 1965 and Bathynellidae Grobben, 1905) of the order Bathynellacea; the existence of three families is accepted, but this is a controversial issue and here is not the appropriate context to address this problem; 52 genera and 92 species formally described, in addition to 30 taxa under study and, thus, still unpublished. This represents more than half of all the genera known worldwide (80) and almost one third of the species currently known in the world (329, which increases every year).
This dataset contains especially relevant collection that includes holotypes and type series of 43 new species of Bathynellacea (33 from the Parabathynellidae and ten from the Bathynellidae) described by Ana I. Camacho (AIC hereinafter); eleven of these are the type species for new genera described from all around the world, ten belonging to the Parabathynellidae and one from the Bathynellidae. As previously mentioned, these new species come from all continents, although 26 of them are from the Iberian Peninsula.
The most important feature of this collection is that it has been created and reviewed by a specialist of the group (AIC), and each specimen, regardless of its shape (either permanent slices or DNA extracts), includes taxonomic, geographical and authorship information. The specialist has been involved in all stages of the process, from field sampling to the digitization of the results we are now presenting, and has worked in close collaboration with the curators responsible for the different collections involved in this project.
Bathynellacea , collections, Crustacea , DNA extract, groundwater fauna, invertebrate, MNCN (CSIC), permanent preparations, type collection
Purpose: The collections of the MNCN in Madrid hold the largest collection of CrustaceaBathynellacea in the world, with 3399 records (Figure
Present taxa (families and genera) and species number from these genera in the collections of the MNCN and in the world by continent. % world representation in this database. *Oceania= Geopolitic region (Australia and New Zealand in this paper). ** Total number of world species is approximate, because there are new species in study and “in press”, and the number change every year.
Taxa | Species Number (MNCN collection/continent) | TOTAL species | **TOTAL species | Species number with DNA extract | Indeterminated species number/with DNA extract | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Europe | Asia | America | Africa | *Oceania | MNCN (%) | World | Collection MNCN | Collection MNCN | |
Parabathynellidae | 33/41 | 4/73 | 3/19 | 3/23 | 7/51 | 50 (28.2) | 207 | 26 | 17/9 |
Iberobathynella | 21/22 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 21 (95.4) | 22 | 14 | 6/6 |
Paraiberobathynella | 2/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1/1 | 0/0 | 3 (100) | 3 | 3 | 2/2 |
Guadalopebathynella | 1/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1 (100) | 1 | 1 | 0/0 |
Hexaiberobathynella | 2/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 2 (100) | 2 | 2 | 0/0 |
Parabathynella | 2/3 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 2 (66.6) | 3 | 0 | 1/0 |
Hexabathynella | 5/11 | 0/0 | 1/6 | 0/3 | 1/3 | 7 (30.4) | 23 | 3 | 3/0 |
Paraeobathynella | 0/0 | 1/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1 (100) | 1 | 0 | 0/0 |
Skethinella | 0/0 | 1/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1 (100) | 1 | 0 | 0/0 |
Sinobathynella | 0/0 | 1/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1 (100) | 1 | 0 | 0/0 |
Siambathynella | 0/0 | 1/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1 (100) | 1 | 1 | 0/0 |
Montanabathynella | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1 (100) | 1 | 0 | 0/0 |
Octobathynella | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1/1 | 1 (100) | 1 | 0 | 0/0 |
Notobathynella | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/1 | 2/8 | 2 (22.2) | 9 | 0 | 2/0 |
Chilibathynella | 0/0 | 0/1 | 0/1 | 0/0 | 2/3 | 2 (40) | 5 | 0 | 2/0 |
Onychobathynella | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1/1 | 1 (100) | 1 | 0 | 0/0 |
Haplophallonella | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1/2 | 0/0 | 1 (50) | 2 | 1 | 0/0 |
Racovitzaibathynella | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1/3 | 0/0 | 1 (33.3) | 3 | 1 | 0/0 |
Texanobathynella | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1 (50) | 2 | 0 | 1/1 |
Leptobathynellidae | 0/0 | 1/4 | 0/10 | 0/5 | 0/0 | 1(5) | 19 | 1 | 0 |
Parvulobathynella | 0/0 | 1/3 | 0/3 | 0/2 | 0/0 | 1 (12.5) | 8 | 1 | 0 |
Bathynellidae | 33/51 | 1/33 | 6/13 | 0/5 | 1/1 | 43 (40.6) | 103 | 10 | 16+?/13 |
Vejdovskybathynella | 5/7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 (71.4) | 7 | 3 | 3/3 |
Pacificabathynella | 0/0 | 0 | 4/5 | 0 | 0 | 4 (80) | 5 | 1 | 1/0 |
Paradoxiclamousella | 2/2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (100) | 2 | 2 | 3/3 |
Clamousella | 1/1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100) | 1 | 0 | 3/3 |
Gallobathynella | 3/4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 (71,4) | 7 | 3 | 2/2 |
Meridiobathynella | 2/2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (100) | 2 | 0 | 2/0 |
Bathynella | 15/29? | 1/16 | 2/5 | 0 | 1/1 | 19 (38?) | 51? | 0 | 2/2 |
Delamareibathynella | 1/1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (33.3) | 3 | 0 | 0/0 |
Pseudobathynella | 1/2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (50) | 2 | 0 | 0/0 |
Sardobathynella | 1/1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100) | 1 | 0 | 0/0 |
Vandelibathynella | 1/1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100) | 1 | 0 | 0/0 |
Antrobathynella | 1/1 | 0/1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (50) | 2 | 1 | 0/0 |
Total Bathynellacea | 66/92 | 6/110 | 9/42 | 3/33 | 8/52 | 94 (30) | 329 | 37 | 33+?/22 |
This particular group of crustaceans is slowly showing the true magnitude of its diversity, and the collection presented here is a proof of this. It was traditionally considered a rare group with very low diversity mainly due to the fact that its habitat (groundwater) is rarely sampled, and that its presence and density is on average low. This, together with the difficulty for humans to access its environment, as well as the complex and time-consuming taxonomic research the group implies due to the small size of the species (most of the species are not larger than a millimeter) and their morphological complexity of their numerous appendices (e.g., thoracopod VIII male transformed into a copulatory organ), has prevented many researchers devoting their time to their study over the years. Nevertheless, one of the authors (AIC) has devoted over 30 years of work to produce the collection we are presenting here. We are convinced that the relevance of the collection is already reason enough for its publication, especially due to the important information on the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands, which is currently one of the best-studied regions in terms of bathynellaceans, and linked with this effort, also the region with the highest diversity of this group of crustaceans in the world (
The present paper is an important contribution that offers basic and rigorous taxonomic information, which is updated and can be potentially useful for subterranean biodiversity studies (identifying hotspots), and also for ecology and conservation studies, particularly for estimating future global changes as the specimens recorded range from 1986 to the present.
Our aims for publishing this dataset are 1) describing the Bathynellacea collection of permanent slices and DNA extract of the MNCN, 2) show the first data set of holotype and type series collection of Bathynellacea in the world, 3) providing information on the diversity and distribution of groundwater fauna in the world and 4) offering the first dataset of Bathynellacea permanent slices in the world to the scientific community in the hopes of promoting other researchers to publish their different groundwater fauna datasets.
Table
Table
List of species of Bathynellacea with holotypes and type series deposited in the collections (Arthropods and Tissues and DNA) of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid (CSIC) (Spain). (H) Hyporheic habitat, gravel bank of rivers; (*) Genus described by author(s) of this paper. (**) The holotype and type series of new species described from Spain not deposited in MNCN.
Taxa | Habitat | Type locality | Province | Country | Description year | Type serie male/female | Holotype voucher MNCN 20.04/ | Loc. type voucher MNCN:ADN: |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parabathynellidae | ||||||||
Iberobathynella | ||||||||
I. imuniensis | Cave | Torca Morteros | Burgos | Spain | 1987 | 10/4 | 4642 | 29146-29446 |
I. rouchi | River (H) | Guadalope | Teruel | Spain | 1987 | 5/4 | 4641 | |
I. ortizi | Cave | Rei Cintolo | Lugo | Spain | 1989 | 4/5 | 4643 | 54609-54622 |
I. cantabriensis | Cave | El Calderón | Cantabria | Spain | 1998 | 5/3 | 4639 | |
**I. magna | Cave | Del Infierno | Asturias | Spain | 1998 | ** | – | |
I. parasturiensis | Cave | Treslajorá, CO.209 | Asturias | Spain | 1998 | 7/2 | 4640 | |
I. paragracilipes | Well | Quejigo | Huelva | Spain | 1998 | 8/10 | 4638 | |
I. celiana | River (H) | Arroyo Torrecilla | Sevilla | Spain | 2003 | 0/1 | 5323 | 29452 |
I. serbani | River (H) | Lima | – | Portugal | 2003 | 1/3 | 5321 | |
I. pedroi | River (H) | Mondego | Coimbra | Portugal | 2003 | 1/5 | 5320 | |
I. guarenensis | Cave | Erizo, Ojo Guareña | Burgos | Spain | 2003 | 0/4 | 5322 | |
I. lamasonensis | Cave | Estragüeña | Cantabria | Spain | 2005 | 5/7 | 5911 | |
I. cornejoensis | Cave | Redonda | Burgos | Spain | 2005 | 5/2 | 5912 | 29946-29952 |
I. burgalensis | Cave | Ojo Guareña, OG53 | Burgos | Spain | 2005 | 5/3 | 6063 | 29220-29542 |
I. andalusica | Well | Fuentes Andalucia | Sevilla | Spain | 2007 | 3/8 | 7966 | 29418-29438 |
*Paraiberobathynella | ||||||||
Pi. notenboomi | Well | Orihuela | Alicante | Spain | 1989 | 4/4 | 4644 | |
*Guadalopebathynella | ||||||||
G. puchi | River (H) | Guadalope | Teruel | Spain | 1998 | 14/12 | 4450 | |
*Hexaiberobathynella | ||||||||
Hi. hortezuelensis | Well | Hortezuella | Soria | Spain | 1998 | 10/10 | 4451 | |
Hexabathynella | ||||||||
H. nicoleiana | River (H) | Jarama | Madrid | Spain | 1986 | 10/14 | 4645 | |
H. valdecasasi | River (H) | Torcón | Guadalajara | Spain | 2003 | 1/2 | 4866 | |
H. sevillaensis | Cave | Santiago Grande | Sevilla | Spain | 2005 | 8/7 | 5913 | 29545-29565 |
*Paraeobathynella | ||||||||
P. vietnamensis | Cave | Hang Trinh | Dao Bo Hon | Vietnam | 2005 | 15/13 | 5911 | |
*Skethinella | ||||||||
S. trontelji | Cave | Hon Rom | Vinh Ha Long | Vietnam | 2005 | 3/0 | 5912b | |
*Sinobathynella | ||||||||
S. decamera | Cave | Si Haizi | Dens | China | 2006 | 1/1 | 7048 | |
*Siambathynella | ||||||||
S. laorsiae | Cave | Tham Yai Nam | Phetchabun | Thailand | 2011 | 6/3 | 8568 | |
*Montanabathynella | ||||||||
M. salish | River (H) | Junko | Montana | USA | 2009 | 1/1 | 7970 | |
*Octobathynella | ||||||||
O. peelensis | Well | Tamworth | NSW | Australia | 2011 | 1/3 | 8226 | |
Notobathynella | ||||||||
N. octocamura | Well | Bundaberg | Queensland | Australia | 2011 | 2/4 | 8229 | |
N. pentatrichion | Well | Bundaberg | Queensland | Australia | 2011 | 4/2 | 8232 | |
Chilibathynella | ||||||||
C. joshuai | Well | Dubbo | NSW | Australia | 2011 | 3/1 | 8558 | |
C. digitus | Well | Tamworth | NSW | Australia | 2011 | 3/3 | 8561 | |
*Onychobathynella | ||||||||
O. bifurcata | Well | Hunter | NSW | Australia | 2011 | 0/3 | 8564 | |
Haplophallonella | ||||||||
H. irenae | River (H) | Uet Duar | Toutous | Chad | 2016 | 16/9 | 10148 | 29986-29987 |
Racovitzaibathynella | ||||||||
R. dumonti | River (H) | Uet Duar | Toutous | Chad | 2016 | 16/9 | 10150 | 29981-29988 |
Bathynellidae | ||||||||
Vejdovskybathynella | ||||||||
V. edelweiss | Cave | Ojo Guareña, OG16 | Burgos | Spain | 2007 | 11/20 | 7791 | 29414-29482 |
V. caroloi | Cave | Molino, Matienzo | Cantabria | Spain | 2007 | 5/10 | 7792 | |
V. pascalis | Cave | Cubilla, Ogarrio | Cantabria | Spain | 2007 | 1/1 | 7793 | |
V. vasconica | Cave | Goikoetxe | Vizcaya | Spain | 2013 | 7/18 | 9119 | 29623-29889 |
Pacificabathynella | ||||||||
P. kalispellensis | Well | Flathead County | Montana | USA | 2009 | 3/3 | 8090 | |
P. stanfordi | Well | Graham Channel | Montana | USA | 2009 | 4/7 | 8093 | |
P. ruthae | Well | Flathead County | Montana | USA | 2009 | 6/4 | 8096 | |
P. yupik | River (H) | Kwethluk | Alaska | USA | 2015 | 3/21 | 10092 | 29963-29967 |
*Paradoxiclamousella | ||||||||
P. fideli | Cave | Pozo Agua, CO69 | Asturias | Spain | 2013 | 6/14 | 8855 | 29746-29753 |
P. pirata | Cave | Río Chico | Cantabria | Spain | 2013 | 2/5 | 8877 | 29998-29999 |
Table
List of species and localities of Bathynellacea with extracts of DNA in the collection of the MNCN.
Taxa | Habitat | Type locality | Province | Country | Voucher ADN/ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Parabathynellidae | |||||
Iberobathynella | |||||
I. andalusica | Well | Fuentes Andalucia | Sevilla | Spain | 29418-29438 |
I. asturiensis | Cave | Pruneda | Asturias | Spain | 29190-29828 |
I. asturiensis | Cave | Tresavarilla | Cantabria | Spain | 29192-29826 |
I. burgalensis | Cave | Ojo Guareña, OG53 | Burgos | Spain | 29220-29542 |
I. cantabriensis | Cave | Calderón, CO.099 | Cantabria | Spain | 29376-29838 |
I. cantabriensis | Cave | Pelacristo, CO261 | Asturias | Spain | 29148-29492 |
I. cantabriensis | Cave | Treslajorá, CO.209 | Asturias | Spain | 29295-29571 |
I. cantabriensis | Cave | Lobos, CO.276 | Cantabria | Spain | 29537-29798 |
I. cavadoensis | River (H) | Cavado River | Portugal | 29183-29840 | |
I. cavadoensis | River (H) | Tamuxo stream | Pontevedra | Spain | 29234-29832 |
I. celiana | River (H) | Viar stream | Sevilla | Spain | 29452 |
I. cornejoensis | Cave | Redonda | Burgos | Spain | 29946-29952 |
I. imuniensis | Cave | Torca Morteros | Burgos | Spain | 29146-29446 |
I. imuniensis | Cave | Bernías | Burgos | Spain | 29776-29792 |
I. imuniensis | Cave | Lunada | Burgos | Spain | 29989-29994 |
I. imuniensis | Cave | V-142 | Burgos | Spain | 54559-54564 |
I. cf imuniensis | Cave | El Becerral | Cantabria | Spain | 54569 |
I. cf imuniensis | Cave | Fonda | Vizcaya | Spain | 54658-54663 |
I. lusitanica | River (H) | Cavado River | Portugal | 29184-29842 | |
I. magna | Cave | Helechosa, CO | Cantabria | Spain | 29939 |
I. magna | Cave | Treslajorá, CO.209 | Asturias | Spain | 29294-29575 |
I. magna | Cave | Pelacristo, CO.261 | Asturias | Spain | 29367-29494 |
I. ortizi | Cave | Rei Cintolo | Lugo | Spain | 54609-54622 |
I. paragracilipes | Well | Quejigo, Jabugo | Huelva | Spain | 29821-29248 |
I. paragracilipes | Well | Ermita San Isidro | Huelva | Spain | 29209 |
I. parasturiensis | Cave | Treslajorá, CO.209 | Asturias | Spain | 29553-29589 |
I. parasturiensis | Cave | La Nava, CO.044 | Cantabria | Spain | 29609-29916 |
I. parasturiensis | Cave | Divisada, CO.275 | Asturias | Spain | 29193-29312 |
I. rouchi | River (H) | Guadalope River | Teruel | Spain | 29174-29238 |
I. rouchi | River (H) | Cinca River | Huesca | Spain | 29178-29213 |
I. rouchi | River (H) | Alfambra River | Teruel | Spain | 29176-29254 |
I. sp | River (H) | Mondego River | Coimbra | Portugal | 29868 |
I. sp | Cave | Treslajorá, CO.209 | Asturias | Spain | 29587-54558 |
I. sp | Cave | Pozo Agua, CO.069 | Asturias | Spain | 29704-29738 |
I. sp | Cave | Torca Tejo, CO.246 | Asturias | Spain | 29264-29831 |
I. sp | Cave | Grañaja, CO.150 | Cantabria | Spain | 29290-29830 |
I. sp | Cave | del Pilar, CO.314 | Asturias | Spain | 29168-54547 |
I. sp | Cave | Si 44 | Alava | Spain | 29219-29616 |
I. sp | Cave | San Juan | Vizcaya | Spain | 29968 |
I. sp | Cave | Soplao Mina Elvira | Vizcaya | Spain | 29969-29974 |
I. sp | Cave | Astui | Vizcaya | Spain | 29978-29980 |
I. sp | Cave | Lamiñas | Vizcaya | Spain | 29975-29977 |
I. sp | Cave | Monasterio (CO231) | Asturias | Spain | 29300 |
I. sp 1 | Cave | del Pilar, CO.314 | Asturias | Spain | 9001-29759 |
I. sp 1 | Cave | Lobos, CO.276 | Cantabria | Spain | 29538-29539 |
I. sp 2 | Cave | Treslajorá, CO.209 | Asturias | Spain | 29559-29658 |
I. sp 2 | Cave | del Pilar, CO.314 | Asturias | Spain | 29472-29756 |
I. sp 2 | Cave | Carnero, CO.220 | Cantabria | Spain | 29734 |
I. sp 3 | Cave | Pozo Agua, CO.069 | Asturias | Spain | 29705-54542 |
I. sp 3 | Cave | del Pilar, CO.314 | Asturias | Spain | 29473 |
I. sp 4 | Cave | Los Orios, CO.089 | Asturias | Spain | 29488 |
*Paraiberobathynella | |||||
Pi. cf fagei | Cave | Sima La Higuera | Murcia | Spain | 29665-54552 |
Pi. cf fagei | Cave | La Pileta | Málaga | Spain | 54581-54591 |
Pi. cf fagei | River (H) | Jucar River | Valencia | Spain | 54663-54636 |
Pi. cf fagei | River (H) | Vélez River | Málaga | Spain | 29819-29820 |
Pi. cf fagei | River (H) | Turia River | Valencia | Spain | 54566-54567 |
Pi. cf fagei | River (H) | Alcanadre River | Huesca | Spain | 29929 |
Pi. cf maghrebensis | Well | Nador-Bercame | Maghreb | Morocco | 29931-29962 |
Pi. fagei | Cave | Campanet | Mallorca | Spain | 29200 |
Pi. fagei | Cave | Génova | Mallorca | Spain | 29660 |
Pi. fagei | Cave | Son Berenguer | Mallorca | Spain | 29292-29293 |
Pi. fagei | Cave | Sa Bassa Blanca | Mallorca | Spain | 29194-29928 |
Pi. fagei | River (H) | Areta River | Navarra | Spain | 29180-29818 |
Pi. fagei | River (H) | Ter River | Gerona | Spain | 29475 |
Pi. fagei | Well | Los Picos | Valencia | Spain | 29221-29802 |
Pi. fagei | River (H) | Lima River | Portugal | 29805-29806 | |
Pi. fagei | River (H) | Esla River | León | Spain | 29807-29808 |
Pi. fagei | River (H) | Orza River | León | Spain | 29182 |
Pi. fagei | River (H) | Sella River | Asturias | Spain | 29235-29812 |
Pi. fagei | Well | German | Almería | Spain | 29297-29800 |
Pi. fagei | River (H) | Frio stream | Granada | Spain | 29809-29810 |
Pi. fagei | River (H) | Lucainena stream | Granada | Spain | 29181-29816 |
Pi. fagei | River (H) | Alfambra River | Teruel | Spain | 29803 |
Pi. notemboomi | Well | Los Picos | Valencia | Spain | 29189 |
Pi. sp | Well | Navas de Riofrío | Segovia | Spain | 29661 |
Hexaiberobathynella | |||||
Hi. hortezuelensis | Well | Hortezuella | Soria | Spain | 29186-29851 |
Hi. mateusi | River (H) | Jarama | Madrid | Spain | 29187-29847 |
Guadalopebathynella | |||||
G. puchi | River (H) | Guadalope | Teruel | Spain | 29177-29260 |
H. minuta | River (H) | Pinhao | Balsa | Portugal | 29261 |
H. minuta | River (H) | Rivera de Huelva | Sevilla | Spain | 29173 |
H. nicoleiana | River (H) | Jarama | Madrid | Spain | 29231-29845 |
H. sevillaensis | Cave | Santiago Grande | Sevilla | Spain | 29545-29565 |
Haplophallonella | |||||
H. irenae | River (H) | Uet Duar | Toutous | Chad | 29986-29987 |
Racovitzaibathynella | |||||
R. dumonti | River (H) | Uet Duar | Toutous | Chad | 29981-29988 |
Siambathynella | |||||
S. laorsriae | Cave | Tham Yai | Phetchabum | Thailand | 29617-29549 |
Texanobathynella | |||||
T. sp | River (H) | Live Oak creek | Texas | USA | 54641-56646 |
Bathynellidae | |||||
Vejdovskybathynella | |||||
V. caroloi | Cave | Gándara | Cantabria | Spain | 29978-29900 |
V. edelweiss | Cave | Ojo Guareña, OG09 | Burgos | Spain | 29415-29482 |
V. edelweiss | Cave | Ojo Guareña, OG01 | Burgos | Spain | 29471-29483 |
V. edelweiss | Cave | Ojo Guareña, OG16 | Burgos | Spain | 29414 |
V. edelweiss | Cave | La Mina | Burgos | Spain | 29945 |
V. edelweiss | Cave | Racino | Burgos | Spain | 29953-29958 |
V. edelweiss | Cave | Huesos | Burgos | Spain | 29440-29450 |
V. vasconica | Cave | Goikoetxe | Vizcaya | Spain | 29623-29889 |
V. sp 1 | Cave | Ojo Guareña, Erizos | Burgos | Spain | 29487 |
V. sp 1 | Cave | Río Chico | Cantabria | Spain | 294722-54632 |
V. sp 2 | Cave | Redonda | Burgos | Spain | 29523-29524 |
V. sp 2 | Cave | Imunía | Burgos | Spain | 29917-29918 |
Pacificabathynella | |||||
P. yupik | River (H) | Kwethluk | Alaska | USA | 29963-29967 |
Paradoxiclamousella | |||||
P. fideli | Cave | Pozo Agua, CO069 | Asturias | Spain | 29746-29753 |
P. fideli | Cave | Fuente Carnero | Cantabria | Spain | 29375-29735 |
P. fideli | Cave | Pilar, CO314 | Asturias | Spain | 29717-29718 |
P. cf fideli | Cave | Treslajorá, CO209 | Asturias | Spain | 29593-29596 |
P. cf fideli | Cave | La Nava, CO034 | Asturias | Spain | 29914-29915 |
P. pirata | Cave | Río Chico | Cantabria | Spain | 29998-29999 |
P. sp1 | River (H) | Alcanadre | Huesca | Spain | 29286-29804 |
P. sp2 | River (H) | Pinhao | Portugal | 29283 | |
Gallobathynella | |||||
G. boui | Cave | Deveze | Courniou | France | 54600-54601 |
G. coiffaiti | Cave | Falgas | Rieussec | France | 54602-54603 |
G. tarissei | Cave | Limousis | France | 54592-54593 | |
G. sp | Cave | Les Perles | Melagues | France | 54594-54595 |
G. sp | Cave | Lacombe | Camboumes | France | 54596-54597 |
G. sp | Spring | Janoye-Figuier | Penne | France | 54598-54599 |
G. sp1 | River (H) | Jarama | Madrid | Spain | 29307-29860 |
Antrobathynella | |||||
A. stammeri | Cave | Ogof Draemen | South Wales | England | 54647-54657 |
Bathynella? | |||||
B.? sp | Edwards Aquifer | Texas | USA | 29943-54640 | |
B.? sp | River (H) | Guadiato | Córdoba | Spain | 29622 |
Undeterminated genus | Cave | Menor | Asturias | Spain | 29843 |
Undeterminated genus | Cave | Fuentemolinos | Burgos | Spain | 29866-29867 |
Undeterminated genus | River (H) | Stream | Sevilla | Spain | 29142-29453 |
Clamousella Unpublished | |||||
C. sp 1 | River (H) | Stream | Portugal | 29204-29852 | |
C. sp2 | River (H) | Pinhao Stream | Portugal | 29282 | |
C. sp3 | River (H) | Stream | Valencia | Spain | 29288-29289 |
Leptobathynellidae | |||||
Parvulobathynella | |||||
P. distincta | River (I) | Godavari | Andhra Prades | India | 29683-29942 |
Section 1 of the bibliography includes a list of the publications citing the bathynellaceans included in this dataset.
Project title: Data Base of Bathynellacea specimens collection of MNCN (CSIC) Madrid: microscope slices (permanent slices) and DNA extracts.
Personnel digitization: Camacho AI
Determination specialist: Camacho AI
Administrative contact: Dorda BA
Bathynellacea determination specialist: Camacho AI
Funding: Fauna Ibérica I (DGICYT PB87-0397); Fauna Ibérica II (DGICYT PB89-0081); Fauna Ibérica III (DGICYT PB92-0089); Inferencia de Patrones Biogeográficos a pequeña escala (DGICYT PB96-0894); Inventario y Catalogación informática de la Biodiversidad acuática subterránea de la Península Ibérica, Baleares y Macaronesia (CICYT REN2000-2004 GLO); Protocols for the Assessment and Conservation of aquatic life in the subsurface (PASCALIS), European Union Proposal EVK2-2001-00086 (Contract: EVK2- CT-2001-00121); Biodiversidad Faunística en el sector turístico del Complejo Ojo Guareña: Evaluación de la Influencia de la presión humana en algunas de sus poblaciones de invertebrados (Contract CSIC- Junta de Castilla León, 2002-2004); Sobre el origen y distribución de la fauna acuática subterránea (CICYT CGL2005-02217/BOS); Colonización, Éxito Evolutivo y Biodiversidad Faunística del Complejo Kárstico de Ojo Guareña” En el Monumento Natural de Ojo Guareña (Burgos) (Contract CSIC- Junta de Castillay León, 2006-2009); Estudio piloto para la detección a diferentes escalas geográficas de procesos evolutivos relacionados con el origen de la biodiversidad en grupos de invertebrados singulares (MICINN CGL2010-15786, subprograma BOS; Identificación de especies crípticas mediante análisis filogeográficos y filogenias multigénicas: una revisión de la diversidad real en grupos taxonómicamente complejos (MINECO CGL2015-66571-P/ FEDER).
Study area descriptions/descriptor: The area of study includes the whole world. There are over 200 sites from the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands (Camacho et al., 2014), as well as other European localities from France, Italy, Slovenia, Bulgaria, Rumania and England. In the case of the American continent, the collection includes specimens from a locality in Brazil, another one in Chile, and one more in Argentina, together with several localities across the USA: Texas, Montana, Washington and Alaska. The Asian specimens were collected in several caves in China, Vietnam, Thailand, and some localities in South India. The specimens from Australia are from New South Wales and Queensland. The African samples come from two localities in Morocco and one in Chad.
Several sampling dates ranging from 1968 to 2016.
The samples come from groundwater caves, springs, wells and interstitial environment (hyporheic) of the epigean river where the stygobionts fauna living in them can be collected.
Design description: This dataset was developed to contribute to the knowledge of a group of groundwater Crustacea, Bathynellacea, of worldwide distribution and sparse study; to identify endemic fauna at different geographic scales (country, counties and localities); to value this collection of Madrid MNCN and encourage other colleagues to show less striking results of their work. Prior to digitization, the taxonomic identification pre-existing was reviewed by the specialist AIC. The dataset is exported to Darwin Core v1.2 format and uploaded to the IPT of the GBIF Spanish node (http://www.gbif.es/ipt/resource?r=mncn-artp). Darwin Core elements included in the dataset structure are listed in the dataset description section.
Data published through GBIF: http://www.gbif.es/ipt/resource?r=mncn-artp; http://www.gbif.org/dataset/07f0789f-c777-4c99-acb3-815c78c7db81
General taxonomic coverage description: This is a collection of slices and DNA extracts of Bathynellacea, a group of CrustaceaMalacostraca (Figure
The three families of the order Bathynellacea: Bathynellidae, Parabathynellidae and Leptobathynellidae, are all represented in the collection, and in the case of the first two, in the shape of both DNA extracts and permanent slices (Table
All in all, of the 80 genera known worldwide, almost 40% (31 genera) are represented in the collection (Table
The family Parabathynellidae includes approximately 207 species in total, and 50 of these are preserved in the collection (Tables
The Leptobathynellidae, only known from North America and the Austral hemisphere in Asia, Africa and America with 19 species, is included in the collection through 20 specimens belonging to a single species.
The Bathynellidae is less known across the world than the Parabathynellidae, although particularly in Europe, where its generic and specific diversity is higher, it is the best known family, as well as the most represented in this collection, with 43 of the 103 known species worldwide included (approximately half of these are dubiously assigned to the genus Bathynella Vejdovsky, 1882, which some authors consider cosmopolite) (Figures
It is worth noting the holotype collection and the type series of Bathynellacea housed at the MNCN. Table
New taxa by families and continents of Bathynellacea with type series are deposited in the MNCN collection. * Oceania= Geopolitic region (Australia and New Zealand in this paper).
Taxa | Continent New genus /new species |
TOTAL New genus/new species |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Europe | Asia | America | Africa | *Oceania | ||
Parabathynellidae | 3/21 | 4/4 | 1/1 | 0/2 | 2/6 | 10/34 |
Bathynellidae | 1/6 | 0/0 | 0/4 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1/10 |
Leptobathynellidae | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Total Bathynellacea | 4/26 | 4/4 | 1/5 | 0/2 | 2/6 | 11/44 |
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Crustacea
Order: Bathynellacea
Family: Bathynellidae, Parabathynellidae, Leptobathynellidae.
Common names: does not exist
General spatial coverage: Specimens from all around the world are included, from Alaska (USA) to New South Wales (Australia). Figure
The most important part of the database is composed by European records, especially from Spain (2064 records, including more than 50 species, with 631 DNA extracts), although other countries are also represented: Italy (256 records, 40 localities and 15 species), France (158 records, 12 DNA extracts, from 24 localities, and 12 species), Portugal (116 records, 38 DNA extracts, five localities and 11 species), England (28 records, 11 DNA extracts, four localities and a single species), Bulgaria (21 records, from three localities and four species), Slovenia (26 records, four localities and two species) and Romania (34 records, seven localities and six species) (Figure
In the case of Spain, almost all Autonomous Communities are represented (Figure
Records of Spanish Bathynellacea from Autonomous Communities and provinces in the collection of the MNCN. * Written in Spanish to keep the original name.
*Autonomous Communities | *Provinces | Records |
---|---|---|
Andalucía | Almería | 35 |
Cádiz | 0 | |
Córdoba | 18 | |
Granada | 9 | |
Huelva | 76 | |
Jaén | 3 | |
Málaga | 41 | |
Sevilla | 57 | |
Aragón | Huesca | >100 |
Teruel | >100 | |
Zaragoza | 0 | |
Asturias | Asturias | 245 |
Canarias | Las Palmas | 0 |
Santa Cruz de Tenerife | 0 | |
Cantabria | Cantabria | 472 |
Castilla La Mancha | Albacete | 0 |
Ciudad Real | 0 | |
Cuenca | 0 | |
Guadalajara | 14 | |
Toledo | 4 | |
Castilla y León | Ávila | 4 |
Burgos | 373 | |
León | 24 | |
Palencia | 0 | |
Salamanca | 1 | |
Segovia | 1 | |
Soria | >100 | |
Valladolid | 0 | |
Zamora | 0 | |
Cataluña | Barcelona | 0 |
Gerona | 1 | |
Lérida | 3 | |
Tarragona | 0 | |
Ciudades Autónomas | Ceuta | 0 |
Melilla | 0 | |
Comunidad de Madrid | Madrid | 71 |
Comunidad Foral de Navarra | Navarra | 33 |
Comunidad Valenciana | Alicante | 75 |
Castellón | 3 | |
Valencia | 23 | |
Extremadura | Badajoz | 0 |
Cáceres | 0 | |
Galicia | La Coruña | 0 |
Lugo | 44 | |
Orense | 12 | |
Pontevedra | 13 | |
Islas Baleares | Baleares | 57 |
La Rioja | La Rioja | 0 |
País Vasco | Álava | 14 |
Guipúzcoa | 0 | |
Vizcaya | >100 | |
Región de Murcia | Murcia | 44 |
There are 631 DNA specimens coming from basically all provinces, with the exception of Salamanca, Toledo and Jaén. Again the highest number of these specimens come from Cantabria (172 DNA extracts), followed by Asturias (142 DNA extracts) and Burgos (83 extracts). A detailed analysis of the distribution of species and localities where bathynellaceans live in Spain is available in a data paper previously published (
Latitude/longitude 62.323016/-148.014001 to -24.75764/152.38247
1968–2016
1983–present
Parent collection identifier: NA
Collection name: Camacho Collection (AIC), Arthropods Collection and Tissues and DNA Collection
Specimen preservation method: permanent slices (glycerin jelly and paraffin) and frozen DNA extracts in water.
Curatorial unit: 3399 with an uncertainty of 0 (records)
Method step description: The collection has been digitized with MSEXCEL software, compatible with Darwin Core 1.2 or Darwin Core 1.4.
Pre-digitization phase: The identifications of each specimen from each sample has been reviewed recently and some former imprecisions and the discovery of cryptic species (due for example to the use of molecular techniques) have lead modifying some records in the Excel file used as starting point for this work. The initial files were short on the number of fields for each of the records, specimens, sampling sites and dates of sampling (date, locality, province, habitat, collector and the species found with data on the family genus, species and author).
Digitization phase: Starting from the initial Excel file, the standard fields for a Darwin Corev1.2 database were added as needed, and the geographical data was included (UTM coordinates) from a GPS in association to the samples taken (PASCALIS samples and all those taken after the year 2000), or were obtained from grey (speleological reports) or published (
Creation of the dataset: The dataset was exported as a file in Darwin Core1.2 format. Darwin Core elements included in dataset structure are listed in the dataset description section. A Darwin Core table was prepared from the original database project. The field-to-filed mapping was fine-tuned with the support of GBIF-Spain’s Coordination Unit. The resulted table was imported into the Darwin Test tool (http://www.gbif.es/darwin_test/Darwin_test_in.php, Ortega-Maqueda and Pando, 2008). This tool allows detailed structuring of metadata of the dataset, and also performs a number of quality checks on the data (dataset structure compliance to Darwin core, geographic consistency, date format, etc. currently over sixty of those checks are carried out). Once the potential errors flagged have been checked and corrected, a Darwin Core Archive is generated, also by the DarwinTest tool. The produced DwC-A is then uploaded to the GBIF-Spain’s IPT installation (http://www.gbif.es/ipt/resource?r=mncn-artp). From there, the dataset is made public, registered in GBIF and indexed and published by the GBIF data portal.
The dataset was transformed to a Darwin Core Archive format with metadata to ensure rapid discovery of this biodiversity resource and future publishing as a citable academic paper (Chavan and Penev, 2011)
Study extent description: The MNCN bathynellacean collection begins with the sampling campaigns of AIC in northern Spain for her doctoral thesis since 1983. Some samples studied by AIC were obtained between 1976 and 1978 by R. Rouch in three short sampling trips to different areas of the Iberian Peninsula. From 1984 to 1986 J. Notenboom, assisted by I. Meijers, and later P. van der Hurk & R. Leys, took groundwater samples throughout Spain and all Bathynellacea they found in these samples were also donated to AIC for study. The following years AIC has continued obtaining samples of this fauna throughout Spain in the framework of different research projects. It is worth noting the PASCALIS European project (2002-2004) in which AIC and her team conducted intensive sampling of groundwater fauna in the Cantabrian mountain ranges and north of Burgos, an area where continuous sampling has been done since then, together with C. Puch, increasing substantially the number of Bathynellacea records in Spain. Occasional samplings of particular Parabathynellidae species have been done by AIC and C. Puch in touristic Spanish caves in Andalusia, Murcia and Galicia in order to obtain DNA extracts. On top of this, since the beginning of the 2000s, AIC has been receiving donations for her research coming from Spain, but also from other parts of the world (France, Italy, Bulgaria, England, USA, China, Vietnam, Thailand, Mongolia, Chad and Australia).
Sampling description: Material of this collection has been collected in five ways:
1) Samples collected by Rouch in two short sampling campaigns in the Iberian Peninsula (1976 and 1977).
2) Samples collected in the sampling campaigns of Notenboom, in 1984, 1985 and 1986 in the Iberian Peninsula within the framework of his PhD thesis.
3) Samples collected by AIC in 1983 for her PhD thesis (1987), plus samplings done in the framework of several research projects already mentioned, always with the collaboration of C. Puch and other speleologists (F. Molinero, A.M. de Juan, J. Robador, F. Lázaro, J. Bedoya) from 1984 until today.
4) Samples collected by AIC and her team as Spanish partners of the European Project “PASCALIS” (Cantabrian mountain range) (2002-2004).
5) Some particular samples, with more or less extensive associated information, have been donated to AIC by fellow researchers worldwide: E. Ortiz, D. Jaume, A. Tinaut, J. Rodríguez, A. García-Valdecasas, P. Rodríguez, E. Bello, C. Noreña, P. Martínez-Arbizu, J. Comas, L. Barrera, F. Mezquita, C. Prieto, E. Serban, N. Coineau, C. Boutin, C. Bou, J. Mathieu, M-J. Dole-Olivier, F. Castellerini, C. des Chatelliers, E. Castella, F. Malard, F. Stoch, D. Galassi, T. di Lorenzo, M.C. Bruno, B. Sket, P. Trontelj, P. Leclerc, Y. Ranga Reddy, M. Peralta, I. Pandoursky, S. Watiroyram, R. Newell, E. Snyder, J. Stanford, B. Reid, B. Hutchins, Gibson, J. Little, Z. Crete, P. Hancock and L. Knight.
The methods used in collecting this kind of samples can be seen in Camacho, 1992 and 1994. The samples are fixed in the field in formalin 4%, ethanol 96º, or are frozen. Each sample collected is studied under a binocular microscope in order to isolate the bathynellid specimens found.
The specimens used for morphological study are stored in alcohol (70%). The specimens used for molecular study are frozen at -80ºC. A complete dissection, of all anatomical parts of specimens, dropped on pure glycerin, is necessary for taxonomic study. Both, entire specimens or all parts of a dissection specimen are preserved together in permanent slides and kept in special metal slides. Glycerin gelatin stained with methylene blue and paraffin is the mounting medium (Figure
The specific techniques used for molecular analysis for taxonomic application are detailed in
Quality control description: Systematics reliability and consistency is backed by the experience of AIC, who made all identifications in the field of Bathynellacea taxonomy. Recently, some identifications made are being confirmed by molecular data. The validation and cleaning of the associated geographical information has been introduced in several steps as a key issue of the digitization process.
Object name: Darwin Core Archive The collection of Bathynellacea specimens of MNCN (CSIC) Madrid: microscope slices and DNA extracts.
Character encoding: UTF-8
Format name: Darwin Core Archive format
Format version: 1.2
Distribution: http://www.gbif.es/ipt/resource?r=mncn-artp
Publication date of data: 2016/11/22
Update police: Annually when necessary to transmit data of new samples or taxonomic changes.
Language: English
Licenses of use: This dataset [The collection of Bathynellacea specimens of MNCN (CSIC) Madrid: microscope slices and DNA extracts] is made available under the Open Database License: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/1.0/. Any rights in individual contents of the database are licensed under the Database Contents License: http://opendatacommons.org/licenses/dbcl/1.0/.
Metadata language: English
Date of metadata creation: 2016/11/22
Hierarchy level: Dataset
The main collectors are J. Notenboom & I. Meijers, R. Rouch, A.I. Camacho (AIC) especially C. Puch and speleologist F. Molinero and A.M. de Juan, J. Robador and F. Lázaro members of G.E. Edelweiss, plus some particular donations by other Spanish researchers: E. Ortiz, D. Jaume, A. Tinaut, J. Rodríguez, A. García-Valdecasas, P. Rodríguez, E. Bello, C. Noreña, P. Martínez-Arbizu, J. Comas, L. Barrera, F. Mezquita and C. Prieto and other foreign researchers: E. Serban, N. Coineau, C. Boutin, C. Bou, L. Knight, J. Mathieu, M-J. Dole-Olivier, F. Castellerini, C. des Chatelliers, E. Castella, F. Malard, F. Stoch, D. Galassi, T. di Lorenzo, M.C. Bruno, B. Sket, P. Trontelj, P. Leclerc, Y. Ranga Reddy, M. Peralta, I. Pandoursky, S. Watiroyram, R. Newell, E. Snyder, J. Stanford, B. Reid, B. Hutchins, Gibson, J. Little, Z. Crete, P. Hancock and L. Knight.
We gratefully acknowledge K. Cezón (member of Spanish GBIF node – CSIC) and F. Pando for their support. Also C. Puch, J. Fernández and X. Eekhout, who helped us in different ways. This research was supported by the project CGL2015-66571-P, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad/FEDER and the European FP7 SYNTHESYS3 (FP7-312253) program.