Corresponding author: Jong-Wook Lee (
Academic editor: Gavin Broad
Korean species of the genus
Choi J-K, Lee J-W (2014) Addition to the study of the genus
The subfamily
In this study a new species,
We also provide a description with photographs of the new species, comparative illustrations of all Korean species of
Specimens used in this study were collected by sweeping and Malaise trapping, and are deposited in the animal systematic laboratory of Yeungnam University (YNU, Gyeongsan, Korea). Specimens were photographed using an AxioCam MRc5 camera attached to a stereo microscope (Zeiss SteREO Discovery. V20; Carl Zeiss, Göttingen, Germany), processed using AxioVision SE64 software (Carl Zeiss), and optimized with a Delta imaging system (i-solution, IMT i-Solution Inc. Vancouver, Canada). Some specimens examined in this study were loaned by the ZSM (Zoologisches Staatsammlung, München, Germany). The morphological terminology is mostly that of
Abbreviations are as follows. , type depository , type species , Canadian National Collections, Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada , Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Schicklerstrasse 5, D-16225 , Entomology & Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, U.S.A. , Hokkaido University, Faculty of Agriculture, Entomological Institute, Sapporo, Japan , Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, U.S.A. , Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia , Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Via Giolitti 36, I-10123 Torino, Italy , Musée Zoologique, Place Riponne, CH-1000 Lausanne, Switzerland , The Natural History Museum, Department of Entomology, Cromwell Road, London, England, SW7 5BD, United Kingdom , Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen der Stadt Krefeld, Brempter Hof, D-47829 Krefeld-Uerdingen, Germany , Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Sektionen för Entomologi, S-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden , Department of Forest Protection and Ecology, Warsaw Agricultural University, ul. Rakowiecka 26/30, 02-528 Warszawa, Poland , Termeszettudomanyi Muzeum Allattara, Barossa-Utea 13, Budapest H-1088, Hungary , National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D.C., 20560, U.S.A. , Universitets Zoologiske Museum, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen, Denmark , Yale University, Peabody Museum, New Haven, Connecticut, 06511, U.S.A. , Zoological Institute, Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia , Animal systematic laboratory of Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Korea , Zoologisches Staatsammlung, D 81247, München, Germany , Gangwon-do , Gyeonggi-do , Gyeongsangbuk-do , Gyeongsangnam-do , Jeollabuk-do , Jeollanam-do , Jeju-do
Inner margin of eye with emargination opposite antenna socket; clypeus weakly convex, truncate or blunt; areola and petiolar areas of propodeum not separated by carina; propodeum with elongate spiracle; fore wing with large, usually rhombic areolet, pointed or stalked; discoidella reaching nervellus or detached; glymma of petiole present, vestigial or absent; epipleurum of 3rd tergum not separated by crease or sometimes partly separated; metasomal segments usually reddish brown and partly black or sometimes mostly black.
Worldwide.
1 | Epipleurum separated from the 3rd tergum, the crease with black line ( |
2 |
– | Epipleurum not separated from the 3rd tergum, with lateral black line above the anterior ventrolateral edge or without lateral black line ( |
13 |
2 | Ovipositor upcurved and longer than hind tibia ( |
|
– | Ovipositor straight and shorter than hind tibia ( |
3 |
3 | Antennal flagellum with less than 40 segments. 2nd recurrent vein of fore wing distad of the middle of areolet ( |
|
– | Antennal flagellum with more than 40 segments. 2nd recurrent vein of fore wing basad or opposite the middle of areolet ( |
4 |
4 | Areolet of fore wing pentagonal shape, without stalk ( |
|
– | Areolet of fore wing quadrate, with or without stalk ( |
5 |
5 | Antennal carina very highly raised, with wrinkles ( |
|
– | Antennal carina not raised or low and narrow ( |
6 |
6 | Mandible brown to dark brown except basal part black ( |
7 |
– | Mandible completely or partly yellow ( |
8 |
7 | Mandible dark brown ( |
|
– | Mandible brown ( |
|
8 | Petiole in front of glymma smooth ( |
9 |
– | Petiole in front of glymma at least with fine sculpture or striate ( |
11 |
9 | Antennal flagellum with less than 55 segments. Clypeus with rounded apical margin |
|
– | Antennal flagellum with more than 55 segments. Clypeus with truncate apical margin | 10 |
10 | Antennal carina distinctly raised, its rim bent upwards ( |
|
– | Antennal carina low and narrow ( |
|
11 | Body length longer than 17 mm. Hind femur reddish brown, sometimes marked brown or black basally ( |
|
– | Body length shorter than 16 mm. Hind femur black ( |
12 |
12 | Clypeus with truncate apical edge ( |
|
– | Clypeus with concave apical edge ( |
|
13 | Epipleurum not separated from the 3rd tergum, without anterior ventrolateral black stripe ( |
14 |
– | Epipleurum not separated from the 3rd tergum, however with distinct or weak black stripe anterior ventrolateral edge ( |
19 |
14 | Antennal carina raised and the rim bent upward or widened ( |
15 |
– | Antennal carina low and narrow ( |
17 |
15 | Clypeus with convex apical edge. Petiole without glymma ( |
|
– | Clypeus with truncate or weak concave apical edge. Petiole with distinct or large deep glymma ( |
16 |
16 | Antennal flagellum with more than 65 segments. Frons with a median longitudinal carina. Mandible dark brown |
|
– | Antennal flagellum with fewer than 65 segments. Frons without a median longitudinal carina. Mandible yellow |
|
17 | Clypeus with convex apical edge. Areolet of fore wing small, 2nd recurrent vein distad of its middle. Petiole without glymma ( |
|
– | Clypeus with truncate apical edge. Areolet of fore wing large, 2nd recurrent vein basad of its middle. Petiole with glymma ( |
18 |
18 | Antennal flagellum with more than 65 segments. Frons without median longitudinal carina |
|
– | Antennal flagellum with fewer than 60 segments. Frons with strong or weak a median longitudinal carina |
|
19 | Petiole with distinct or weak glymma ( |
20 |
– | Petiole without glymma ( |
21 |
20 | Antennal carina low, the rim weakly bent upward. Frons with incomplete median longitudinal carina. Mandible yellow. Nervellus inclivous |
|
– | Antennal carina weakly raised, the rim bent upward. Frons with very high raised median longitudinal carina. Mandible brown to black. Nervellus reclivous |
|
21 | 3rd tergum and 4th tergum black dorsally and widely reddish brown laterally | 22 |
– | 3rd tergum reddish brown, 4th tergum reddish brown or black with reddish brown anteriorly | 23 |
22 | 2nd recurrent vein of fore wing connected to middle of areolet ( |
|
– | 2nd recurrent vein of fore wing basad middle of areolet ( |
|
23 | Antennal carina weakly raised, the rim weak bent upward. Hind femur reddish brown ( |
|
– | Antennal carina low and narrow or very strongly raised. Hind femur black. Body length longer than 10 mm (except body length of |
24 |
24 | Antennal flagellum with more than 56 segments. Antennal carina strongly raised. Clypeus with convex apical edge |
|
– | Antennal flagellum with less than 52 segments. Antennal carina low and narrow. Clypeus with truncate apical edge | 25 |
25 | Frons with a median longitudinal carina. Nervellus reclivous. Petiole with longitudinal striae in front of glymma |
|
– | Frons without median longitudinal carina. Nervellus inclivous. Petiole smooth in front of glymma or with weak sculpture | 26 |
26 | Mandible black. Areolet large with short stalk. 2nd recurrent vein of fore wing basad middle of areolet ( |
|
– | Mandible yellow. Areolet large without stalk. 2nd recurrent vein of fore wing distad middle of areolet. 4th tergum black or reddish brown anteriorly ( |
|
General habitus in lateral view.
General habitus in lateral view.
Head in frontal view.
Areolet of fore wing.
2nd and 3rd terga in lateral view.
2nd and 3rd terga in lateral view.
Characters of Korean
(only differences from holotype described) Antennal flagellum with 56–62 segments.
Korea.
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
The specific name is derived from Korea, the country of the type specimens.
The species is similar to
[Korea]: 1 female, Seoul, Cheonggyesan, 28 May 1989, G.G. Lee.
Korea (new record), Austria, Belarus, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia (Saratov), Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: 1 female, Seoul, Seocho-gu, Cheonggyesan, 21 May 2002, H.J. Lim.
Korea (new record), Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, late Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Kabarovsk, Krasnodar, Primor’ye, Sakhalin, Sankt Petersburg, Yevreyskaya), Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine and United Kingdom.
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: 1 female, Seoul, Nowon-gu, Suraksan, 15 May 1997, J.Y. Kim; 1 female, Seoul, Hwagyesan, 6 May 1989, J.H. Hwang; 1 female, GG Anyang-si, Anyang Arboretum, 13 May 1995, T.H. Gu; 1 female, GW Chuncheon-si, Bongraesan, 13 June 1981, S.H. Kim; 1 female, GW Sockcho-si, Seolaksan National Park, 18 May 2002, M.H. Kim.
Korea (new record) and Russia (Khabarovsk, Primo’ye).
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: 1 female, Seoul, Dobong-gu, Bukhansan National Park, 24 April 1999, T.H. Kim.
Korea (new record), Algeria, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, late Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Moldova, Morocco, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia (Chita, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk, Primor’ye, Samarskaya, Sankt Petersburg, Tomsk, Yaroslavl), Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine and United Kingdom.
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic.
[Korea]: 1 female, Seoul, Nowon-gu, Hagye1-dong, 25 April 1998, H.J. Yun; 2 females, GB Gyeongsan-si, Dae-dong, Yeungnam univ., 22-29 April 2008, J.W. Lee; 1 female, JN Yeongkwang-gun, Yeomsan-myeon, Bongnam-ri, 23 April 2009, J.K. Choi & D.H. Lee.
Korea (new record), China, India, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia (Irkutsk, Sakhalin) and Uzbekistan.
Eastern Palaearctic, Oriental.
Unknown.
[Korea]: 1 female, GG Hanam-si, Namhansanseong, 31 July 1993, J.S. Lee.
Korea (new record) and Russia (Sakhalin).
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: 1 male, Seoul, Gangnam-gu, Suseo-dong, Guryongsan, 27 May 1998, J.E. Kim.
Korea (new record) and Russia (Primor’ye).
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: 2 females, Daejeon-si, Dong-gu, Daejeon univ., 16 May–5 June 2006, J.W. Lee.
Korea (new record) and Japan.
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: 1 female, GG Paju-si, Jeokseong-myeon, Seolma-ri, 18 August 1984, M.I. Lee.
Korea (new record), Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, late Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia (Irkutsk, Moscow, Primor’ye, Sankt Petersburg, Smolensk), Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic.
[Korea]: 1 female, JB Jeongeup-si, Naejang-dong, Naejangsan National Park, Ansambatsil, 18 May 2004, J.G. Han.
Korea (new record) and Japan.
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: 1 male, GW Wongju-si, Socho-myeon, Hakgong-ri, Chiaksan National Park, 28 August-16 September 2013, J.W. Lee.
Korea (new record), Austria, Bulgaria, France, Greece, Italy, Japan, Romania and Russia (Khabarovsk, Primor’ye).
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: 1 female, Seoul, Gangnam-gu, Cheonggyesan, 6 September 1986, Y.H. Lee; 2 females, GG Su-dong, Chukryeongsan, 28 September 1980, H.K. Park; 1 female, GW Sokcho-si, Seorak-dong, 11 June 1992, J.W. Lee; 1 female, GB Gyeongsan-si, Dae-dong, Yeungnam univ., 17 May 1989, Y.K. Lee; 1 female, ditto, 30 May 1989, J.W. Lee; 1 female, ditto, 21-27 May 2008, J.W. Lee; 9 females, GB Eulseong-gun Ansa-myeon, Ansamyeonsamuso, 1 April-1 May 2013, S.J. Park; 1 female, GB Cheongdo-gun, Gakbuk-myeon, Namsan 3-ri, 2-15 June 2008, J.W. Lee; 2 females, GN Jinju-si, Gajwa-dong, 18-24 May 1990, J.W. Lee; 1 female, ditto, 27 May 1991, J.W. Lee; 1 female, ditto, 29 May 1991, J.W. Lee; 1 female, ditto, 1-9 June 1990, J.W. Lee; 1 female, GN Haman-gun, Daesan-myeon, 22 April 1991, J.W. Lee; 1 female, JN Wando-gun Soan-myeon, Soan-do, 15 May-11 June 2011, J.W. Lee; 1 female, JJ Jeju-si, Aewol-eup, Gwangnyeong-ri, Sumeunmulbaengdwi, weltland of 1,100Goji, 24 August 2010, H.S. Lee; 1 female, JJ Seogeypo-si, Cheongsonyeonyayeongjang, 21 May 2003, J.W. Lee.
Korea (new record), China, Japan and Russia (Khabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk, Primor’ye, Sakhalin).
Eastern Palaearctic, Oriental.
Unknown.
[Korea]: No specimens; [Germany]: 1 female, 17 July 1956, Zwiesel B.W.
Korea, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Czech Republic, late Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Amur, Buryatskaya Respublika, Chita, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Murmansk, Primor’ye, Sakhalin, Sankt Petersburg, Yevreyskaya), Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, U.S.A., Ukraine and United Kingdom.
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic, Nearctic.
Unknown.
No Korean specimens were available for this study. However we have seen a voucher specimen from ZSM.
[Korea]: No specimens; [TD: ZSM]: 1 female.
Korea and Russia (Chita, Primor’ye).
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
No Korean specimens were available for this study. However we have seen a Russian voucher specimen from ZSM. The tip of the fore coxa of male is yellowish red, whereas in other characters it is similar to the female.
[Korea]: No specimens.
Korea.
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
This species was recorded from Korea as an endemic species by Horstmann (2004). However no Korean specimens were available for this study.
[Korea]: 1 male, GW Donghae-si, Samhwa-dong, Muryeong valley, 16–28 June 2005, J.W. Lee; 1 female, JN Jeongeup-si Ibam-myeon, Deungcheon-ri, 23 July 2004, J.G. Han.
Korea, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, late Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Altayskiy, Kirov, Primor’ye, Samarskaya, Sankt Petersburg), Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine and United Kingdom.
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: No specimens; [TD: ZSM]: 1 male.
Korea, Canada, Japan, Russia (Chita, Irkutsk, Khabarovsk, Magadanskaya, Primor’ye, Sakhalin) and U.S.A.
Eastern Palaearctic, Nearctic.
Unknown.
No Korean specimens were available for this study. However we have seen a Japanese voucher specimen from ZSM.
[Korea]: 4 females, Daejeon-si, Daejeon univ., 1-17 May 2006, J.K Choi; 1 female, GB Gyeongsan-si, Dae-dong, Yeungnam univ., 22 April-1 May 2006, J.W. Lee; 1 female, JB Jeongeup-si, Naejang-dong, Wonjeogam, 28 April-28 May 2006, J.K Choi.
Korea, Japan and Russia (Khabarovsk, Primor’ye, Sakhalin).
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: 1 female, GG Gapyeung-gun, Seorak-myeon, 14 June 1992, J.W. Lee; 1 female, 1 male, GN Gayasan, 5 August 1960, C.H. Kim.
Korea, Japan and Russia (Amur, Primor’ye).
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: No specimens; Holotype: 1 female.
Korea, China and Russia (Primor’ye, Yevreyskaya).
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
No Korean specimens were available for this study. However we have seen a voucher specimen from ZSM and have loaned holotype from HU.
[Korea]: 1 female, 1male, Daejeon-si, Daejeon univ., 16 May–5 June 2006, J.W. Lee; 1 male, ditto, 1-17 May 2006, J.W. Lee.
Korea, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, late Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russia (Altayskiy, Amur, Chita, Irkutsk, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Murmansk, Novosibirsk, Orenburg, Sakhalin, Sankt Petersburg, Vologda, Yaroslavl), Sri Lanka, Sweden, Turkey, U.S.A. and United Kingdom.
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic, Nearctic, Oriental.
[Korea]: No specimens; Holotype: 1 female.
Korea and Japan.
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
No Korean specimens were available for this study. However we have seen a voucher specimen from ZSM and have loaned holotype from HU.
[Korea]: No specimens.
Korea and Russia (Primor’ye, Sakhalin).
Eastern Palaearctic.
Unknown.
No Korean specimens were available for this study. However we have seen a voucher specimen in ZSM.
[Korea]: 17 males, Daejeon-si, Dong-gu, Daejeon univ., 1–17 May 2006, J.W. Lee; 1 male, GB Gyeongsan-si, Dae-dong, Yeungnam univ., 16 May 1989, J.H. Park..
Korea, Austria, Bulgaria, China, Czech Republic, late Czechoslovakia, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia (Primor’ye, Sakhalin, Yevreyskaya), Slovakia and Slovenia.
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic.
Unknown.
[Korea]: No specimens.
Korea, Armenia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, late Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Latvia, Moldova, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Altayskiy, Astrakhanskaya, Buryatskaya, Khabarovsk, Murmansk, Primor’ye, Sakhalin, Sverdlovsk, Tambov, Tomsk), Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine and United Kingdom.
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic.
No Korean specimens were available for this study. However we have seen a voucher specimen in ZSM. This species is very similar to
[Korea]: No specimens.
Korea, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Croatia, late Czechoslovakia, Japan, Moldova, Mongolia, Romania, Russia (Amur, Chita, Omsk, Primor’ye, Volgograd, Yevreyskaya), Slovakia, Turkey and Ukraine.
Eastern Palaearctic, Western Palaearctic.
No Korean specimens were available for this study. However we have seen a voucher specimen in ZSM.
We are deeply grateful to Dr. Gavin Broad and anonymous reviewers for reviewing this manuscript. We thank Prof. Yanko Kolarov from the Faculty of Pedagogie, University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria for providing useful comments as well as Dr. Stefan Schmidt, Ms. Olga Schmidt, Mr. Erich Diller, and Mr. Johannes Schuberth of the Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Germany for permitting photos of specimens and loaning of some type and voucher specimens from their museum. And we thank Dr. Lars Vilhelmsen from the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Dr. Masahiro Ohara from the Hokkaido University Museum, Japan, Dr. David G. Furth from the Smithonian Institution National Museum of Natural History, U.S.A., and Dr. Hege Vårdal from the Swedish Museum of Natural History, Swedish for the loan of the type specimens available to study. This work was supported by the 2013 Yeungnam University Research Grant.