Corresponding author: Hong-Wei Chen (
Academic editor: V. Silva
Seven new species of the
Liu Y-Q, Gao Q-S, Chen H-W (2017) The genus
To date, a total of 280 species (
The
In the present study, seven new species from East Asian are described, and three known species are redescribed. DNA barcoding was conducted to evaluate morphological delimitation for the
Specimens of the
Species | Sex | BOLD Process ID | GenBank accession number | Collection site |
---|---|---|---|---|
|
♂ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China |
♂ |
|
|
Nonggang, Chongzuo, Guangxi, China | |
♀ |
|
|
Nonggang, Chongzuo, Guangxi, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Jianfengling, Ledong, Hainan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Iriomote Is., Okinawa, Japan | |
♀ |
|
|
Longdong, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Liuxihe, Conghua, Guangdong, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♀ |
|
|
Jianfengling, Ledong, Hainan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♀ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♀ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Baihualing, Baoshan, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Baihualing, Baoshan, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Hesong, Menghai, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Hesong, Menghai, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♀ |
|
|
Hesong, Menghai, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Baihualing, Baoshan, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Baihualing, Baoshan, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♀ |
|
|
Baihualing, Baoshan, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♀ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Hesong, Menghai, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Baihualing, Baoshan, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Hesong, Menghai, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Hesong, Menghai, Yunnan, China | |
♀ |
|
|
Hesong, Menghai, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China | |
♂ |
|
|
Baihualing, Baoshan, Yunnan, China | |
♀ |
|
|
Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan, China |
The
The specimens were first identified as of the
All sequences generated determined in this study were submitted to BOLD (The Barcode of Life Data system) and GenBank (Table
In addition, we also conducted a character-based species delimitation. In the sequence alignment, sites being fixed within the focal species but differing from the remaining species were manually selected as diagnostic sites (i.e. “pure” diagnostics;
A Mshot Camera was used to microphotograph all the photographs, illustrations and line drawings were processed with the software Adobe Photoshop 7.0 and Easy Paint Tool SAI Ver.1.0.0.
The type specimens were deposited in Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (
The alignment of the 44
The NJ tree was shown in Fig.
Summary of intra- and interspecific genetic distances in the
Species | N | Intraspecific genetic distances | Interspecific genetic distances |
---|---|---|---|
Min. / Max. / Mean ± SD | Min./ Max./ Mean ± SD | ||
|
1 | NA | 0.033/ 0.130/ 0.106 ± 0.031 |
|
2 | NA | 0.053/ 0.125/ 0.103 ± 0.026 |
|
9 | 0.002/ 0.024/ 0.009 ± 0.006 | 0.053/ 0.123/ 0.100 ± 0.014 |
6 | 0.000/ 0.005/ 0.002 ± 0.002 | 0.033/ 0.125/ 0.107 ± 0.015 | |
6 | 0.000/ 0.027/ 0.017 ± 0.009 | 0.048/ 0.130/ 0.104 ± 0.019 | |
4 | 0.002/ 0.008/ 0.005 ± 0.002 | 0.087/ 0.123/ 0.103 ± 0.008 | |
3 | 0.003/ 0.008/ 0.005 ± 0.002 | 0.083/ 0.123/ 0.103 ± 0.009 | |
6 | 0.000/ 0.009/ 0.005 ± 0.003 | 0.087/ 0.123/ 0.108 ± 0.010 | |
4 | 0.000/ 0.003/ 0.002 ± 0.001 | 0.048/ 0.128/ 0.100 ± 0.020 | |
3 | 0.000/ 0.003/ 0.002 ± 0.002 | 0.083/ 0.117/ 0.103 ± 0.013 |
Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree of the
Diagnostic nucleotide sites in the alignment of
In the following individual species descriptions, only characters that depart from the above universal characters are provided for brevity.
CHINA: 1♂ (
This species is very similar to
Male and female:
China* (Yunnan), Indonesia (Java, Sumatra).
CHINA: 1♂, 1♀ (
This species is very similar to
Male and female:
China* (Guangxi), India, Indonesia (Sumatra).
CHINA: 4♀ (
Paramere distally broadened and pubescent in lateral view (Fig.
Male and female:
China (Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan*, Guangxi*, Guizhou*, Yunnan), Japan* (Ryukyu Is.).
Holotype ♂ (
Paramere distally curved ventrally, slightly acute apically (Fig.
Male and female:
From the Latin word “
China (Yunnan).
Holotype ♂ (
This species is similar to
Male and female:
A combination of the Greek words: “
China (Yunnan).
Holotype ♂ (
This species is similar to
Male and female:
A combination of the Latin words: “
China (Yunnan).
Holotype ♂ (
This species is similar to
Male and female:
Male terminalia (Fig.
A combination of the Latin words: “
China (Yunnan).
Holotype ♂ (
This species differs from the other known species of this group in having the paramere with a hook-shaped projection basoventrally (Fig.
Male and female:
From the Latin word “
China (Yunnan).
Holotype ♂ (
Paramere apically divided into two round lobes in lateral view (Fig.
Male and female:
A combination of the Latin words: “
China (Yunnan).
Holotype ♂ (
This species differs from the other species of the
Male and female:
From the Greek words: “
China (Yunnan).
Head, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and abdomen of male.
Head, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and abdomen of male.
Head, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and abdomen of male.
Head, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and abdomen of male.
Head, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and abdomen of male.
1 | Body brown; carina large; arista exceptionally large, with 4–5 curved long dorsal branches and 3 ventral branches in addition to terminal bifurcation (Figs |
|
2 | Hypandrium lacking pubescence medially (Figs |
|
– | Hypandrium pubescent medially (Figs |
|
3 | Mesonotum yellowish brown, with four brown longitudinal stripes sublaterally (Fig. |
|
– | Mesonotum yellowish brown, lacking longitudinal stripe (Fig. |
|
4 | Aedeagus pubescent ventrally (Figs |
|
– | Aedeagus lacking pubescence (Figs |
|
5 | Mesonotum brown, with two yellowish brown longitudinal stripes submedially (Fig. |
|
– | Mesonotum yellowish brown, with three or four longitudinal stripes (Figs |
|
6 | Mesonotum yellowish brown, with four brown longitudinal stripes (Fig. |
|
– | Mesonotum yellowish brown, with three dark brown longitudinal stripes medially and sublaterally (Fig. |
|
7 | Mesonotum yellowish brown, with a brownish longitudinal stripe (Fig. |
|
– | Mesonotum brown, with two or three brownish longitudinal stripes (Figs |
|
8 | Mesonotum with a longitudinal stripe on 1/3 posterior (Fig. |
|
– | Mesonotum yellowish brown, with a brown longitudinal stripe medially (Fig. |
|
9 | Mesonotum brown, with three yellowish brown longitudinal stripes (Fig. |
|
– | Mesonotum brown, with two yellowish brown longitudinal stripes (Figs |
|
10 | Frons brown and glossy (Fig. |
|
– | Frons brownish and dull (Fig. |
|
The specimens identified as
The integration of morphological and DNA-based approaches has revealed an effective way to improve accuracy for species identification (
It is noteworthy that no “simple pure character” is found for
We wish to thank Dr. Jianjun Gao (Yunnan University, China) and all the members of our laboratory (